Shoulder Girdle/Joint Lab
Josh Adetula
Deborah Yang
From Which joint is the
shoulder connected to the spinal
column?
•
The shoulder is
connected to the
spinal column via
the
scapulothoracic
joint.
Which of the following joints is
NOT a part of the shoulder
complex?
• The Alatoaxial joint is not a part of the
shoulder complex
Where is the insertion of the
Pectoralis minor?
• It is inserted at the coracoid process of the
scapula.
Q: What is the function of the
Levator Scapulae Muscle?
A. The Levator
Scapulae’s
Function is to
elevate the scapula.
Flexion
• Movement of
humerus straight
anteriorly from any
point in the sagittal
plane.
Extension
• Movement of the
humerus straight
posteriorly from any
point in the sagittal
plane
Abduction
• Upward lateral
movement of the
humerus in frontal
plane out to the side,
and away from the
body.
• Can be diagonal or
horizontal
Adduction
• Downward
movement of the
humerus in the
frontal plane
medially toward the
body.
• Can be diagonal or
horizontal
Rotation
• Lateral movment of
the humerus in the
tranverse plane
along its long axis.
• There are 2 types:
Internal and
External
Sternoclavicular Joint
• Distal (also is
medial) to the most
lateral edge of the
deltoid.
Q: Which Nerve innervates the
rhomboid muscle?
A. The rhomboid muscle is innervated by
the dorsal scapula nerve
•
From which cord does the
musclocutaneous nerve
originate?
The nerve
originates from the
lateral cord of the
brachial plexus.
In which part of the scapula
does the humeral head fit, to
make the glenohumeral joint?
• The humeral head fits into the glenoid
cavity to make the glenohumeral joint.
Scapula
1. Coracoid Process (A)
2. Scapular Notch (J)
3. Superior Margin (B)
4. Supraspinatus Fossa (L)
5. Superior Angle (K)
6. Scapular Spine (C)
7. Vertebral Margin (D)
8. Infraspinatus Fossa (H)
9. Inferior Angle (I)
10. Axillary Margin (E)
11. Glenoid Cavity Margin (F)
12. Acromion Process (G)
The Deltoid musle is…
• …the main adductor of the shoulder
joint.
If the long thoracic nerve gets injured,
then which movement of the shoulder
girdle will be affected?
• Injury to the LTN
would greatly
affected abduction.
Subclavius Muscle can be
strengthened by…
• The subclavius muscle can be
strengthened by active depression.
The origin of rhomboid muscle
is the spineous process of…
• Its origin is the
spineous process of
C7 to T5.
Left Scapula (seen in lateral
view)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Coracoid Process
Glenoid Cavity
Scapular Spine
Acromion Process
Infraspinatus Fossa
Inferior Angle
Clavicle injury results….
• When dealt a blow
to the medial end of
the clavicle, this will
cause an AC
separation (aka
dislocated
shoulder), which
tears up the joint
capsule.
Muscle
Origin
Insertion
Action
Innervations
Pectoralis Minor
Anterior Surfaces of the 3rd
to 5th ribs
Coracoid process of the
scapula
Abduction,
Depression, &
Downward
Rotation
Medial pectoral nerve
(C8 & T1)
Serratus Anterior
Surface of the upper 9 ribs at
the side of the chest
Anterior side of the medial
scapula
Abduction &
Upward Rotation
Long Thoracic Nerve
(C5 –C7)
Trapezius – upper
fibers
Base of skull, occ.
Protuberance, and posterior
ligaments of the neck
Posterior aspect of the
lateral 3rd of the clavicle
Elevation &
Extension or
Rotation at the
head of the neck
Spinal accessory nerve
and branches of C3 &
C4
Trapezius – middle
fibers
Spinous process of C7-T3
Medial border of the
acromion process and
upper border of scapular
spine
Elevation,
Adduction, &
Upward rotation
Trapezius – lower
fibers
Spinous process of 4th-12th
thoracic vertebrae
Triangular space at the
base of the scapular spine
Adduction,
Depression, &
Upward rotation
Rhomboids
Spinous processes of C7-T5
Medial border of scapula,
below scapula spine
Adduction,
downward
rotation, &
Elevation
Dorsal Scapula Nerve
(C5)
Levator Scapulae
Transverse processes of C1C4
Medial border of scapula
Elevation
Dorsal Scapula Nerve
(C5) and branches of
C3 & C4
Muscle
Origin
Insertion
Action
Innervations
Pectoralis major
Upper Fibers – medial half of front
of clavicle
Lower Fibers- Anerior surface of
first 6 ribs
Flat tendon 2 or 3 inches wide to
lateral lip of IT groove of
humerus
Rotation,
Adduction,
Flexion, Extension,
& Abduction
Lateral Pectoral Nerve
(C5, C6, C7)
Subscapularis
Entire Anterior surface of
subscapular fossa
Lesser Tubercle of Humerus
Rotation (Internal)
Medial Pectoral Nerve
(C8, T1)
Coracobrachialis
Coracoid process of scapula
Middle of medial border or
humeral shaft
Adduction
(Horizontal &
Diagonal)
Upper and lower
subscapular nerve (C5,
C6)
Deltoid
Anterior - Anterior lateral C3
Middle – Acromion (lateral)
Posterior – Spine of Scapula
(Inferior edge)
Deltoid Tuberosity on the lateral
humerus
Abduction Flexion,
Adduction
Axillary Nerve
(C5, C6)
Supraspinatus
Medial 2/3 of SSP Fossa
Superiorly on Greater Tubercle
of humerus
Abduction
Suprascapula nerve (C5)
Latissimus Dorsi
At Lumbar Vertebrae to Lower 6
Thoracic Vertebrae, back of Sacrum,
and Posterior crest of ilium
Medial side of IT groove of
humerus, anterior to teres major
insertion
Extension,
Adduction, and
Rotation (internal)
Thoracodorsal (C6, C7,
C8)
Teres Major
Inferior 3rd of lateral border of
scapula
Medial lip of IT groove of
humerus, posterior to latissimus
dorsi insertion
Extension,
Adduction, and
Internal Rotation
Lower subscapular nerve
(C5, C6)
Infraspinatus
Medial aspect of infraspinatus fossa,
just below spine of scapula
Posteriorly on greater tubercle
of humerus
External rotation,
Horizontal/Diago
nal abduction,
Suprascapula nerve (C5,
C6)
Teres Minor
Posteriorly on upper and middle
aspect of lateral border of scapula
Posteriorly on greater tubercle
of humerus
External rotation,
Horizontal
abduction, and
diagonal
adduction
Axillary Nerve (C5, C6)