What You’ll Learn
1. Analyze ways to reduce the risk of unintentional
injuries in the community.
2. Analyze ways to reduce the risk of
unintentional injuries in the home.
3. Analyze ways to reduce
the risk of unintentional
injuries in the workplace.
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What You’ll Learn
4. Analyze ways to reduce the risk of unintentional
injuries in motor vehicles.
5. Analyze ways a person can
reduce the risk of injury
from road rage.
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Key Terms
• heat detector
• smoke detector
• suffocation
• repetitive strain
injury (RSI)
• Occupational
Safety and Health
Act (OSH Act)
• graduated license
• high-risk driving
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• child safety restraint
• Lower Anchors and
Tethers for Children
(LATCH)
• road rage
Injuries in the Community
• An unintentional injury is an
injury that results from an accident.
• Teens often are injured in the
community because they disregard
safety guidelines, because peers might
influence them to be daring, or because they
are stressed or overtired and careless or
less alert.
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What to Know About Unintentional
Injuries in the Community
• Bicycling
– Almost 600,000 people are treated in
emergency rooms for bicycle-related injuries
each year.
– Most deaths and serious injuries due to
bicycling involve head injuries.
– The most serious injuries occur when bikes
collide with motor vehicles.
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Ways to Reduce the Risk of Injuries from
Bicycling Accidents
• Wear a bicycle helmet and shoes.
• Obey traffic rules followed by motor vehicle drivers.
• Ride on the right, with the flow of traffic.
• Check that the bicycle and all safety equipment are in
good condition.
• Wear clothing that will not get caught in the chain of the
bicycle. Wear reflective clothing at night.
• Watch for the sudden opening of motor vehicle doors.
• Walk the bicycle across busy streets.
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Ways to Reduce the Risk of Injuries from
Bicycling Accidents
• Do not ride with another person on the bicycle.
• Beware of unsafe road conditions, such
as ice and potholes.
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What to Know About Unintentional
Injuries in the Community
• Drowning
– Many drownings occur in swimming pools and
hot tubs. Young children also drown in
bathtubs, toilets, and sinks.
– Drowning also can result from
boating accidents.
– Alcohol is a major factor in teen-related
drownings and most boating accidents.
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Ways to Reduce the Risk of Drowning
• Learn to swim and have training before participating in
water sports.
• Never swim or use a hot tub alone and do not leave
children alone near water.
• Swim only in well-lit designated areas and in sight of
a lifeguard.
• Stay out of the water in threatening weather.
• Leave the water if you have cramps or are tired.
• Enforce an alcohol-free policy around water.
• Wear a life jacket when participating in water sports.
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Ways to Reduce the Risk of Drowning
• Never boat with others who speed or do not follow
safety guidelines.
• Do not overload a boat or personal watercraft.
• Check the depth of water before entering.
• Install a childproof fence around pools.
• Do not walk on untested ice.
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Injuries in the Home
• Many accidents that result in unintentional
injury and death occur in the home.
• A few easy and inexpensive steps can be
taken to make the home a safe environment.
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What to Know About Unintentional
Injuries in the Home
• Poisoning
– Poisoning is a harmful chemical reaction from
a substance that enters the body.
– Most poisonings in the home result from
children swallowing household products and
OTC drugs.
– Taking very high doses of vitamin and mineral
supplements also may result in poisoning.
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What to Know About Unintentional
Injuries in the Home
• Poisoning
– Some substances cause poisoning when
inhaled, such as glue, gasoline, and carbon
monoxide.
– Carbon monoxide is an odorless, tasteless
gas emitted from motor vehicles, gas stoves,
heaters, lawn mowers, and chimneys.
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Ways to Reduce the Risk of Poisoning
• Use childproof containers for potential poisons and
keep them out of the reach of children.
• Place warning stickers on any potential poisons.
• Place childproof latches on the doors of all cabinets in
which harmful substances are kept.
• Do not keep a motor vehicle or a lawn mower running in
a closed garage.
• Do not use outdoor grills indoors.
• Check chimneys for blockage, and have them
cleaned regularly.
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What to Know About Unintentional
Injuries in the Home
• Falls
– Falls can be caused by hazards, such as poor
lighting, loose carpets, trailing wires, and
unsteady stair rails.
– Falls can result in spinal cord injuries.
– Teens injured due to falls often have taken
unnecessary risks and might have ignored
safety precautions or been showing off.
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Ways to Reduce the Risk of Falls
• Do not take risks in high places.
• Use a sturdy ladder when climbing. Keep your body in
the center of the step and face the ladder when
climbing down.
• Place an infant or a young child in a playpen, crib, or
safety seat when out of your sight.
• Use appropriate child safety devices to block stairways
and windows.
• Be cautious if wearing shoes with slippery soles or high
heels.
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What to Know About Unintentional
Injuries in the Home
• Fires
– Most deaths and injuries related to fire occur in
the home.
– Home fires often are caused by improper use
and disposal of candles, cigarettes, lighters,
and matches.
– All homes should be equipped with a fire
extinguisher, a heat detector, and at least one
smoke detector on each floor.
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What to Know About Unintentional
Injuries in the Home
• Fires
– A heat detector is an alarm that sounds
when the room temperature rises above a
certain level.
– A smoke detector is an alarm that sounds
when smoke is detected.
– A fire escape plan should be set up in
advance, and should include two different
ways to escape from each room and a
meeting place outside the home.
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Ways to Reduce the Risk of Fires
• Have a no smoking policy in the home to reduce the
risk of fires.
• Keep all matches, cigarette lighters, and flames out of
children’s reach.
• Do not overload electrical outlets or run cords
under rugs.
• Do not leave items, such as irons or electric hair styling
products, plugged in for long periods of time.
• Do not leave food cooking on the stove unattended;
check food cooking in the oven often.
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What to Know About Unintentional
Injuries in the Home
• Airway Obstruction
– Suffocation is an obstruction of the airway by
an external object that blocks the mouth and
nose, such as plastic bags, pillows, or blankets.
– Choking is the result of an obstruction of the
airway by an internal object, such as food or
small toys.
– Strangulation is the result of external
compression of the airway when an object,
such as a cord, compresses the neck.
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Ways to Reduce the Risk of Suffocation
• Keep small objects out of the reach of children.
• Do not allow children to play with plastic bags or toys
that are not appropriate for their age.
• Check sleeping infants and children to be sure their
breathing is not blocked by a pillow, blanket, or
stuffed toy.
• Cut food into small pieces that are easy to swallow.
• Do not tie a rope or a cord around the neck, even as
a joke.
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What to Know About Unintentional
Injuries in the Home
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Injuries in the Workplace
• A work-related injury is any injury
acquired while working.
• The injury does not have to be
the result of one specific event.
• Repetitive strain injuries are legitimate workers
compensation claims.
• Teens are more likely to be hurt on the job
than adults.
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How to Reduce the Risk of
Injury in the Workplace
• Are there any rules about minors who work?
– The Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) contains
child labor laws to protect the health and
safety of minors.
– The act limits the hours minors under age 16
can work, and prohibits employing minors
under age 18 for certain occupations.
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How to Reduce the Risk of
Injury in the Workplace
• What types of injuries occur in the workplace?
– Common workplace injuries to teens involve
lacerations, contusions, abrasions, sprains
and strains, bruises, burns, fractures,
and dislocations.
– More teen workers are injured than adult
workers, even though teens are prohibited
from working at dangerous jobs.
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How to Reduce the Risk of
Injury in the Workplace
• What is repetitive strain injury?
– Repetitive strain injury, or RSI, is an injury
that occurs from repeated physical movements.
– RSI damages tendons, nerves, muscles, and
other soft body tissues.
– Symptoms include tingling; tightness; pain and
stiffness in hands, wrists, fingers, arms, and
elbows; and weakness in hands.
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How to Reduce the Risk of
Injury in the Workplace
• What should my employer do to protect my
health and safety?
– Your employer must meet safety guidelines for
healthful working conditions.
– The Occupational Safety and Health Act, or
OSH Act, is a series of health and safety
standards that all employers must meet.
– Employees must regularly review safety
regulations and new employees must be
trained and be made aware of hazards.
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FLSA Bans for All Minors Under the Age of 18
Hazardous Occupations
1. Manufacturing or
storing explosives
7. Power-driven hoisting
apparatuses
2. Driving or working as an
outside helper on motor
vehicles
8. Power-driven, metalforming, punching, and
shearing machines
3. Coal mining
9. Mining, other than coal
4. Logging and sawmilling
10.Power-driven meatprocessing machines,
slaughtering, and meat
packing plants
5. Power-driven
woodworking machines
6. Exposure to radiation
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FLSA Bans for All Minors Under the Age of 18
Hazardous Occupations
11. Power-driven bakery
machines
12. Power-driven paper
products machines
13. Manufacturing of brick,
tile, and related
products
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14. Power-driven circular
saws, band saws, and
guillotine shears
15. Wrecking, demolition,
and ship-breaking
16. Roofing
17. Trenching and
excavation
Motor Vehicle Accidents
• Motor vehicle accidents are the leading cause
of death for teenagers.
• According to the National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration, teenagers are involved in three
times as many fatal crashes as other drivers.
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Motor Vehicle Accidents
• Four factors that contribute to many motor
vehicle accidents are driver behavior, poor
roadway maintenance, roadway design, and
equipment failure.
• Many motor vehicle crashes are caused by
excessive speed or aggressive driver behavior.
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Safety Guidelines to Reduce the Risk of
Motor Vehicle Accidents
• How can I obtain a valid driver’s license?
– You must pass a written test and a driving test.
Some states require many teens to take a
driver education course to gain knowledge and
skills needed to pass these tests.
– A learner’s permit is an authorization to drive
when supervised by a licensed driver of a
certain age with no other passengers in the
motor vehicle.
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Safety Guidelines to Reduce the Risk of
Motor Vehicle Accidents
• How can I obtain a valid driver’s license?
– A graduated license is a conditional license
given to new drivers that restricts driving
privileges, such as being allowed to drive only
during the day.
– The likelihood of accidents during the first year
of driving is high.
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Safety Guidelines to Reduce the Risk of
Motor Vehicle Accidents
• What does it mean to be a defensive driver?
– A defensive driver is a driver who guards
against the unsafe actions of other drivers.
– Defensive driving includes:
• Obeying traffic laws, including speed limits.
• Anticipating what other drivers might do and being
prepared to act quickly.
• Never tailgating.
• Staying alert and avoiding distractions.
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Safety Guidelines to Reduce the Risk of
Motor Vehicle Accidents
• Driving safely
– High-risk driving is dangerous driving that
can result in crashes.
– It includes behaviors, such as speeding, trying
to beat red lights or a train, racing other
drivers, jumping hills, and drinking and driving.
– Do not ride in a motor vehicle with a driver
who chooses high-risk driving.
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Safety Guidelines to Reduce the Risk of
Motor Vehicle Accidents
• Are there ways to avoid hitting deer?
– Motorists most often hit animals at dusk
and at dawn.
– Stay alert and control your speed.
– If you see an animal in the
road, honk your horn with
one long blast and do not
flash your lights.
– Look for other deer.
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Safety Guidelines to Reduce the Risk of
Motor Vehicle Accidents
• Do I need to wear a safety belt if my vehicle
has an air bag?
– An air bag is a cushion that inflates upon
impact and prevents people from being thrown
into the wheel, dashboard, and windshield.
– A safety belt is a seat belt and shoulder strap.
– Air bags are not a substitute for safety belts.
– Safety belts should be worn by the driver and
passengers at all times.
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Safety Guidelines to Reduce the Risk of
Motor Vehicle Accidents
• Is it ever safe to drink and drive?
– No. Drinking alcohol is the leading cause of
motor vehicle accidents for teens.
– Alcohol impairs judgment, reaction time, and
motor skills.
– Drinking is a leading cause of high-risk driving.
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Safety Guidelines to Reduce the Risk of
Motor Vehicle Accidents
• What should I do if I suspect that someone
who is driving has been drinking?
– Even if an adult who has been drinking insists
he or she is OK, call your parents, guardian,
other responsible adult, or a taxi for a ride.
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Safety Guidelines to Reduce the Risk of
Motor Vehicle Accidents
• I will be driving my younger siblings to day
care. What actions should I take to ensure
their safety?
– All children under the age of 12 should ride in
the backseat of a motor vehicle and all infants
and small children must be placed in a child
safety restraint.
– A child safety restraint is a child safety seat
designed for a small child that is secured in
the backseat of a motor vehicle.
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Safety Guidelines to Reduce the Risk of
Motor Vehicle Accidents
• I will be driving my younger siblings to day
care. What actions should I take to ensure
their safety?
– Lower Anchors and
Tethers for Children,
or LATCH, is a restraint
system designed to
work independently of
the vehicle’s safety belt
system to simplify child safety seat installation
and reduce misuse.
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Safety Guidelines to Reduce the Risk of
Motor Vehicle Accidents
• Consequences of a traffic violation
– A traffic violation is any violation of the
current traffic laws.
– After a certain number of traffic violations, a
driver’s license can be revoked for a period of
time or a person may have to attend additional
driver education classes.
– Serious violations may result in imprisonment
or fines.
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Safety Guidelines to Reduce the Risk of
Motor Vehicle Accidents
• How safe are sport utility vehicles (SUVs)?
– SUVs and large trucks are high-riding vehicles
that, in a crash, can override the bumpers on a
smaller motor vehicle and strike occupants in
the chest or head.
– SUVs are more likely than cars to flip over if
the driver loses control.
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Motor Vehicle Violence
• Teens need to protect themselves from violence
while they are driving or riding in motor vehicles.
• Some people pretend to be helpful and then
assault people who have motor vehicle trouble.
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What to Know About
Motor Vehicle Violence
• Road rage
– Road rage is any display of aggression by an
angry or impatient driver or passenger of a
motor vehicle.
– Examples include verbal abuse, hand
gestures, intimidating stares, driving in an
intimidating manner, throwing objects at or
bumping other vehicles, and threatening
another driver.
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What to Know About
Motor Vehicle Violence
• Road rage
– To prevent provoking other drivers and
passengers, you should avoid eye contact with
an aggressive driver, stay calm, do not react to
a person trying to provoke you, keep a safe
distance from people driving unpredictably.
– Report incidents of road rage to the police
or call 911.
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What to Know About
Motor Vehicle Violence
• Carjacking
– Carjacking is motor vehicle theft that
occurs by force, or threat of force, while
the driver and/or passengers are still in the
motor vehicle.
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Ways to Prevent Motor Vehicle Violence
• Have a cell phone to use in case of emergency.
• Keep the fuel tank full and your vehicle in good condition
to prevent breakdowns.
• Carry a flashlight, road flares, and a “send help” sign in
case your vehicle breaks down.
• Stay in your vehicle and keep your doors locked and your
windows rolled up if someone other than a police officer
stops to offer help.
• Never leave children in an unattended vehicle.
• Never leave keys in the ignition or the engine running.
• Lock your vehicle at all times and keep your keys with you.
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Ways to Prevent Motor Vehicle Violence
• Keep valuables out of sight.
• Check the seats and the floor before getting into
a vehicle.
• Try to drive and park in safe, well-lighted areas.
• If you think you are being followed, go to a public place
and call the police.
• Keep your vehicle in gear when at a stoplight.
• Be cautious of anyone approaching your vehicle when it
is stopped.
• Drive to a nearby phone and call 911 if someone
needs help.
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Ways to Prevent Motor Vehicle Violence
• Do not resist if an armed person demands your vehicle.
• Get a latch for the inside of your trunk so that you can
escape if forced inside.
• Never hitchhike or pick up a hitchhiker.
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Study Guide
1. Identify the following statements as
true or false.
_______
SUVs are more likely than cars to flip over if
true
the driver loses control.
_______
Serious traffic violations, such as driving
true
without a license and/or driving under the
influence, may result in imprisonment or fines.
_______
Child safety seats should be secured in the
false
front seat of the vehicle.
_______
Air bags are not a substitute for safety belts.
true
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Study Guide
2. Fill in the blank with the appropriate term
from the lesson.
traffic violation is any violation of the current
A. A _____________
traffic laws.
learner’s permit is an authorization to drive
B. A ______________
when supervised by a licensed driver.
C. Choking
_______ is the result of an obstruction of the airway
by an internal object.
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Study Guide
3. What is carjacking?
Carjacking is motor vehicle theft that
occurs by force, or threat of force, while
the driver and/or passengers are still in
the motor vehicle.
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