Chapter 22
Self-Concept
Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Components of Self-Concept
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Identity
Body image
Self-esteem
Role performance
– Stressors affecting role
Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Identity
• Sets each person apart as unique,
including:
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Name
Gender
Ethnicity
Family status
Occupation
Roles
Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Body Image
• Attitudes about
– Physical attributes and characteristics
– Appearance
– Performance
• Dynamic concept
Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Self-Esteem
• Generalized sense of worth
• Evaluation of self
• Calculated on basis of achieving factors
one values most
Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Role Performance
• Set of expected behaviors determined
by familial, cultural, and social norms
• Simultaneous roles
– Each with set of expected behaviors
(continued)
Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Role Performance
• Stressors affecting role:
– Inability to fulfill responsibilities
– Role conflict
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Inter-role conflict
Interpersonal conflict
Role overload
Person-role conflict
Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Development of Self-Concept
• Ongoing process
– Interpersonal and cultural experiences
– Self-perceived competence
– Self-actualization
• Childhood
• Adolescence
• Adulthood
Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Factors Affecting Self-Concept
• Altered health status
• Developmental transitions
• Experience
Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Self-Concept and the Nursing
Process
• Assessment
– Consider developmental level and chronological
age
– Determine strengths and weaknesses
– Ask client to describe appearance, abilities, and
accomplishments
(continued)
Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Self-Concept and the Nursing
Process
• Diagnosis
– Self-concept disturbances
• Feelings of anxiety, hostility, guilt, and shame
• Affect every aspect of person’s life
– Disturbed body image
– Parental role conflict
– Disturbed personal identity
(continued)
Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Self-Concept and the Nursing
Process
• Diagnosis
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Ineffective role performance
Chronic low self-esteem
Situational low self-esteem
Anxiety
Social isolation
Hopelessness
Powerlessness
(continued)
Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Self-Concept and the Nursing
Process
• Outcome identification and planning
– Promote sense of well-being
– Facilitate growth
(continued)
Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Self-Concept and the Nursing
Process
• Implementation
– Initiate therapeutic interaction
– Support healthy defense mechanisms
– Ensure satisfaction of needs
• Physical
• Psychosocial
(continued)
Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Self-Concept and the Nursing
Process
• Implementation
– Promote positive self-esteem across life span
• Childhood
• Adolescence
• Adulthood
(continued)
Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Self-Concept and the Nursing
Process
• Evaluation
– Client’s behaviors and attitudes
– Congruence of targeted self-concept and plan of
care
– Change requires time, patience, and support
Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.