Chapter 22 Self-Concept Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Components of Self-Concept • • • • Identity Body image Self-esteem Role performance – Stressors affecting role Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Identity • Sets each person apart as unique, including: – – – – – – Name Gender Ethnicity Family status Occupation Roles Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Body Image • Attitudes about – Physical attributes and characteristics – Appearance – Performance • Dynamic concept Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Self-Esteem • Generalized sense of worth • Evaluation of self • Calculated on basis of achieving factors one values most Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Role Performance • Set of expected behaviors determined by familial, cultural, and social norms • Simultaneous roles – Each with set of expected behaviors (continued) Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Role Performance • Stressors affecting role: – Inability to fulfill responsibilities – Role conflict • • • • Inter-role conflict Interpersonal conflict Role overload Person-role conflict Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Development of Self-Concept • Ongoing process – Interpersonal and cultural experiences – Self-perceived competence – Self-actualization • Childhood • Adolescence • Adulthood Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Factors Affecting Self-Concept • Altered health status • Developmental transitions • Experience Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Self-Concept and the Nursing Process • Assessment – Consider developmental level and chronological age – Determine strengths and weaknesses – Ask client to describe appearance, abilities, and accomplishments (continued) Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Self-Concept and the Nursing Process • Diagnosis – Self-concept disturbances • Feelings of anxiety, hostility, guilt, and shame • Affect every aspect of person’s life – Disturbed body image – Parental role conflict – Disturbed personal identity (continued) Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Self-Concept and the Nursing Process • Diagnosis – – – – – – – Ineffective role performance Chronic low self-esteem Situational low self-esteem Anxiety Social isolation Hopelessness Powerlessness (continued) Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Self-Concept and the Nursing Process • Outcome identification and planning – Promote sense of well-being – Facilitate growth (continued) Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Self-Concept and the Nursing Process • Implementation – Initiate therapeutic interaction – Support healthy defense mechanisms – Ensure satisfaction of needs • Physical • Psychosocial (continued) Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Self-Concept and the Nursing Process • Implementation – Promote positive self-esteem across life span • Childhood • Adolescence • Adulthood (continued) Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Self-Concept and the Nursing Process • Evaluation – Client’s behaviors and attitudes – Congruence of targeted self-concept and plan of care – Change requires time, patience, and support Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.