Early
Civil Rights Leaders*
*waaaay before Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King
Booker T. Washington
Born into slavery
April 5, 1856
Booker T. Washington
Attended freedmen’s school
Booker T. Washington
Became head of Tuskegee Institute in 1881
Booker T. Washington
Spoke at International Cotton Exposition in
Atlanta, 1881
Booker T. Washington
Focused on “Negro problem” which was poor
social and economic conditions of Blacks
Booker T. Washington
Advised Blacks to get jobs in agriculture,
mechanics, commerce, and domestic service
“glorify and dignify
common labor”
Booker T. Washington
Black political, social, and economic equality
with Whites will eventually happen
Booker T. Washington
Known as accomodationism
(compromises with or adapts to the
viewpoint of the opposition )
(“you have to go along to get along”)
W. E. B. DuBois
Opposed beliefs of
Booker T. Washington
*1868 - 1963
*Civil War over, no slavery
W. E. B. DuBois
Wanted political, social, and economic equality
immediately
W. E. B. DuBois
Blacks should have same education as Whites.
Blacks needed technical training.
W. E. B. DuBois
Accommodationism accepts racism of southern Whites
“Mr. Washington represents in
Negro thought the old attitude of
adjustment and submission.”
W. E. B. DuBois
Founded the Niagara movement
– demanded end of segregation
and discrimination
Founded the National Association
for the Advancement of Colored
People (NAACP)
Compare and Contrast
 Booker T. Washington
 W. E. B. DuBois
 Venn diagram – on back of page 26
 5 minutes
John and Lugenia Burns Hope
Black educators advancing civil rights
(1868-1936)
(1871-1947)
John and Lugenia Burns Hope
1898 – Moves to Atlanta; John takes position at
Atlanta Baptist College (Morehouse College)
John Hope
first Black president of Morehouse College in 1906,
later president of Atlanta University
John Hope
Supported public education, healthcare, job
opportunities, recreational facilities
John Hope
Member of Niagara
Movement, NAACP,
and Commission of
Interracial Cooperation
Lugenia Burns Hope
1898/9 – Becomes member of group working to
start day-care centers in West Fair community
Lugenia Burns Hope
 1908 - Forms Neighborhood Union with core members of
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West Fair community group; first women’s charity group in
Atlanta
1913 – Elected chairperson of Women’s Civic and Social
Improvement Committee for better black schools in Atlanta
1916 – Becomes founding member of Atlanta’s National
Association of Colored Women’s Clubs
1917 – Serves as director of YWCA Hostess House
Program for Black Soldiers
1927 – Appointed on President Hoover’s Colored
Commission
1932 – Becomes first Vice President of NAACP, Atlanta
chapter
Alonzo Herndon
Born into slavery 1858
After Civil War, white father sent him,
slave mother, younger brother,
maternal grandparents (mother’s
parents – also slaves) away
They were homeless, jobless
Sharecroppers- still poor after 3 years
Alonzo Herndon
Alonzo Herndon with
his mother and his brother
ca. 1890.
About his early life Alonzo writes,
"My mother was emancipated
when I was seven years old
and my brother Tom five years
old. She was sent adrift in the
world with her two children
and a corded bed and [a] few
quilts. . . . She hired herself
out by the day and as there
was money in the country, she
received as pay potatoes,
molasses, and peas enough to
keep us from starving."
Alonzo Herndon
Moved to Atlanta, learned barbering
Alonzo Herndon
The staff of the Atlanta Life Insurance Company Branch Office, ca. 1925.
Alonzo Herndon
Herndon's wealth and business position
brought with it a great deal of social
responsibility, and the African American
community looked to him for leadership
in a number of areas.
Alonzo Herndon
National Negro Business League
Niagara movement
Alonzo Herndon home