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Nervous System Review Sheet
22-1 & 22-2 from Text AND
Discovery Education TechBook; Units: Light, Refraction, Vision & Hearing, Vision Issues
22-1
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
Name the 3 functions of the Nervous System. 1) gather information, 2) direct body’s response
to that information, 3) maintain homeostasis
What are the 3 kinds of neurons? How do they work together to produce a response to an
environmental stimulus? Use an example in your explanation. Sensory, interneuron, motor;
The sensory neuron responds to a stimulus (like hunger) and sends a nerve impulse that the
body is hungry, interneurons pass the nerve impulse to the central nervous system where the
brain determines that the body must consume calories, motor neurons move muscles to
respond (seek to obtain calories) to the stimulus.
How does a message travel across a synapse? Chemicals released from the axon tips reach the
dendrite of the next neuron.
Draw a neuron. Label the parts of a neuron.
Define the following terms: response, stimulus, nerve, nerve impulse, neuron
22-2
Complete this concept map/flowchart:
Nervous System
1.Central
Nervous System
Brain
2. Spinal Cord
3. Cerebrum
4. Cerebellum
Brainstem
‘
Peripheral
Nervous System
Autonomic
Nervous System
5. Somatic
Nervous system
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Write the functions of the following:
6) Central Nervous System – control center of the body
7) Peripheral Nervous System – sends nerve impulses from Central Nervous System to rest of body
8) Autonomic Nervous System – controls involuntary actions (like breathing and heartbeat)
9) Somatic Nervous System – controls voluntary actions
Define the following terms: cerebrum, cerebellum, brainstem, brain, concussion, spinal cord, reflex
Discovery Education Techbook Unit: Light, Unit: Refraction
1)
Consider the exploration “On Your Wavelength”. Draw the Electromagnetic Spectrum and label
the types of light in order of wavelength.
2) What color does my eye perceive? All visible wavelengths reflecting to my eye: WHITE
All visible wavelengths absorbed by an object (none reflecting to my eye): BLACK
Green grass (all wavelengths absorbed except GREEN which is reflected to my eye).
3) What are the 3 ways that light can interact with an object? What are the 3 types of materials
that this object can be? Be absorbed, be reflected, be refracted. Translucent, transparent,
opaque
4) Light ALWAYS travels in straight lines unless it strikes an object. If the object is transparent,
describe what happens to the light. Light will change its path because the speed of the light will
change. The path will become bent. This is called refraction.
5) Draw the Law of Reflection. Label the angle of reflection, angle of incidence.
Define the following terms: electromagnetic spectrum, visible light, reflection, refraction
Discovery Education Techbook Unit: Vision & Hearing, Unit: Vision Issues
1)
How do we see? In your explanation, be sure to describe the parts of the eye and the path
of light through the eye. Which part of the eye converts light to a nerve impulse? In order
for us to see, light waves must enter the eye through the cornea, which covers the eye and
focuses the light. Light then passes through the pupil, the opening into the eye which is
regulated by the iris. Light passes through the lens, which focuses the image upside-down
onto the back of the eye. At the back of the eye is a thin film of photosensitive cells called
the retina. The retina has 2 kinds of cells, cones and rods. The cones convert the image’s
color and the rod’s convert the images shape into a nerve impulse. So, it is the retina that
converts light into a nerve impulse. The optic nerve carries the nerve impulse to the brain
which flips it and interprets it, allowing us to see the object.
2) How do we hear? In your explanation, be sure to describe the parts of the ear and the path
of sound through the ear. Which part of the ear converts vibrations to a nerve impulse?
Which part of the ear helps you maintain your sense of balance? Sound waves enters our
ear through the ear canal and causes our eardrum to vibrate. The eardrum is connected to
the hammer, anvil, and stirrup which all vibrate. The stirrup extends into the cochlea which
is filled with fluid and hairs. The hairs in the cochlea convert the sound waves into a nerve
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impulse. The auditory nerve carries the impulse to the brain where the sound is
interpreted. The semicircular canals are filled with fluid and help maintain balance.
3) Label the parts of the ear and the eye on the attached worksheet.
4) Define the following terms: nearsightedness, farsightedness.
Response
Stimulus
Nerve
nerve impulse
neuron
cerebrum
cerebellum
brainstem
brain
concussion
spinal cord
reflex
electromagnetic spectrum
visible light
reflection
refraction
nearsightedness
farsightedness