Space Boot Camp –
Part 2
5.8D:
Identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun,
Earth and Moon.
MS ?’s start on #55
35. Why does the moon’s surface have more craters
from meteorite strikes than the Earth’s surface?
A
B
C
D
The moon has little or no atmosphere, so the
meteorites reach its surface without burning
up.
The moon has a stronger gravitational pull than
the Earth, so more meteorites strike there.
Heat from the greenhouse effect on the Earth’s
surface pushes the meteorites back into space.
The Earth has many more buildings, trees, and
other objects to block the path of any
meteorites.
35. Why does the moon’s surface have more craters
from meteorite strikes than the Earth’s surface?
A
B
C
D
The moon has little or no atmosphere, so the
meteorites reach its surface without burning
up.
The moon has a stronger gravitational pull than
the Earth, so more meteorites strike there.
Heat from the greenhouse effect on the Earth’s
surface pushes the meteorites back into space.
The Earth has many more buildings, trees, and
other objects to block the path of any
meteorites.
36. Astronauts weigh more on Earth than they
do on the moon because—
A
B
C
D
they have less mass on the moon.
their density decreases on the moon.
the moon has less gravity than Earth.
the moon has less friction than Earth.
36. Astronauts weigh more on Earth than they
do on the moon because—
A
B
C
D
they have less mass on the moon.
their density decreases on the moon.
the moon has less gravity than Earth.
the moon has less friction than Earth.
37. The moon has no light of its own, yet we
see it shining in the night sky. How is this
possible?
A
B
C
D
Earth reflects light from the moon.
The moon reflects light from the sun.
Heat on the moon’s surface glows in the
night sky.
There are no clouds above the surface of
the moon.
37. The moon has no light of its own, yet we
see it shining in the night sky. How is this
possible?
A
B
C
D
Earth reflects light from the moon.
The moon reflects light from the sun.
Heat on the moon’s surface glows in the
night sky.
There are no clouds above the surface of
the moon.
38. Compared to most stars and planets, our moon is
relatively small. Why does the moon appear larger
than most planets or stars?
A
B
C
D
The moon is larger than most stars or planets.
The Earth is tilted on its axis toward the moon.
The planets and stars are larger than the moon.
The moon is closer to the Earth than the stars
or planets.
38. Compared to most stars and planets, our moon is
relatively small. Why does the moon appear larger
than most planets or stars?
A
B
C
D
The moon is larger than most stars or planets.
The Earth is tilted on its axis toward the moon.
The planets and stars are larger than the moon.
The moon is closer to the Earth than the stars
or planets.
39. Which of the following describes a feature that is
shared by Earth and the Moon?
A
B
C
D
They have nearly the same atmosphere.
They have almost the same gravitational pull.
They have a rocky crust that includes
mountains.
They have areas that show considerable water.
39. Which of the following describes a feature that is
shared by Earth and the Moon?
A
B
C
D
They have nearly the same atmosphere.
They have almost the same gravitational pull.
They have a rocky crust that includes
mountains.
They have areas that show considerable water.
40. How would the measurable properties of a golf
ball change if it were moved from Earth to the
Moon?
A
B
C
D
It would have the same mass, but a different
weight.
It would have the same weight, but a different
mass.
It would have the same density, but a different
mass.
It would have the same mass, but a different
density.
40. How would the measurable properties of a golf
ball change if it were moved from Earth to the
Moon?
A
B
C
D
It would have the same mass, but a different
weight.
It would have the same weight, but a different
mass.
It would have the same density, but a different
mass.
It would have the same mass, but a different
density.
41. A scientist used a telescope to look at the moon.
She saw large, round, dark areas on the Moon’s
surface. Which of the following did she MOST LIKELY
see?
A
B
C
D
Plains
Valleys
Craters
Oceans
41. A scientist used a telescope to look at the moon.
She saw large, round, dark areas on the Moon’s
surface. Which of the following did she MOST LIKELY
see?
A
B
C
D
Plains
Valleys
Craters
Oceans
42. Which of the landforms listed below is
found on the Earth, but NOT on the moon?
A
B
C
D
Mountains
Impact craters
Active volcanoes
Plains
42. Which of the landforms listed below is
found on the Earth, but NOT on the moon?
A
B
C
D
Mountains
Impact craters
Active volcanoes
Plains
43. Why can we see stars at night and not during the
day?
A
B
C
D
There are no stars in the sky during the day.
The stars do not give off any light during the
day.
The stars give off light during the day and by
the time it reaches us, it is night.
The bright light of the Sun blocks out the light
of other stars.
43. Why can we see stars at night and not during the
day?
A
B
C
D
There are no stars in the sky during the day.
The stars do not give off any light during the
day.
The stars give off light during the day and by
the time it reaches us, it is night.
The bright light of the Sun blocks out the light
of other stars.
True of False:
44. The moon orbits around the sun
in about 29.5 days/1 month.
True of False:
44. FALSE – moon orbits around the
EARTH every 29.5 days/1 month
True of False:
45. Seasons on Earth are caused by
the phases of the moon.
True of False:
45. FALSE – seasons are caused by
the tilting of Earth
True of False:
46. Only one side of the moon is
visible from the Earth.
True of False:
46. TRUE
True of False:
47. The moon has no light of its
own—it reflects light from the Earth
True of False:
47. FALSE – the moon reflects light
from the SUN
True of False:
48. The moon rotates on an axis as it
revolves around the Earth.
True of False:
48. TRUE
True of False:
49. There is less gravity on the moon
than on the Earth.
True of False:
49. TRUE
True of False:
50. There are mountains, hills and
plains on the moon.
True of False:
50. TRUE
True of False:
51. It takes the moon about 29 days
to orbit around the Earth.
True of False:
51. TRUE
52. Astronauts walking on the moon must
wear helmets. What is different about the
helmets on the moon?
A
B
C
D
Mass
Color
Weight
Shape
53. Why are there no clouds on the moon?
There is—
A
B
C
D
no liquid water on the moon
no solar energy on the moon
no living things on the moon
no gravity on the moon
53. Why are there no clouds on the moon?
There is—
A
B
C
D
no liquid water on the moon
no solar energy on the moon
no living things on the moon
no gravity on the moon
54. Why do you see more impact craters on the
moon’s surface than on the Earth’s surface?
A
B
C
D
The moon is hit by more meteors since it is
further out in space than Earth.
Meteors hitting the moon make deeper craters
than meteors hitting Earth.
The moon’s soil is softer than Earth’s, so the
craters are deeper.
Weathering and erosion smoothed out many
craters on the Earth’s surface.
54. Why do you see more impact craters on the
moon’s surface than on the Earth’s surface?
A
B
C
D
The moon is hit by more meteors since it is
further out in space than Earth.
Meteors hitting the moon make deeper craters
than meteors hitting Earth.
The moon’s soil is softer than Earth’s, so the
craters are deeper.
Weathering and erosion smoothed out many
craters on the Earth’s surface.
55.
Studies of the surface of the moon increased
with Galileo’s invention of the –
A. microscope
B. telescope
C. camera
D. computer
55.
Studies of the surface of the moon increased
with Galileo’s invention of the –
A. microscope
B. telescope
C. camera
D. computer
56.
While Earth is characterized as possessing an
atmosphere with the ability to produce winds,
the moon is characterized as –
A. having only a very thin atmosphere
B. Possessing large bodies of liquid water
C. lacking surface dust
D. possessing an atmosphere with large
amounts of oxygen
56.
While Earth is characterized as possessing an
atmosphere with the ability to produce winds,
the moon is characterized as –
A. having only a very thin atmosphere
B. Possessing large bodies of liquid water
C. lacking surface dust
D. possessing an atmosphere with large
amounts of oxygen
57.
Students know there are patterns in the natural world. One of
these patterns is the relationship between the Sun, Earth, and
Moon. Which of the following correctly explains the relationship
of the Earth, Moon, and Sun?
A. Earth revolves around the Moon as Earth revolves around the
Sun.
B. The Sun revolves around Earth as the Moon revolves around
Earth.
C. The Moon revolves around Earth as Earth revolves around the
Sun.
D. Earth revolves around the Moon as the Sun revolves around
Earth.
57.
Students know there are patterns in the natural world. One of
these patterns is the relationship between the Sun, Earth, and
Moon. Which of the following correctly explains the relationship
of the Earth, Moon, and Sun?
A. Earth revolves around the Moon as Earth revolves around the
Sun.
B. The Sun revolves around Earth as the Moon revolves around
Earth.
C. The Moon revolves around Earth as Earth revolves around the
Sun.
D. Earth revolves around the Moon as the Sun revolves around
Earth.
58. Which of the following pairs could be
classified as surface landscape for Earth
but could NOT be classified as surface
landscape for the moon?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Rocks, craters
Trees, dust
Mountains, craters
Craters, dust
58. Which of the following pairs could be
classified as surface landscape for Earth
but could NOT be classified as surface
landscape for the moon?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Rocks, craters
Trees, dust
Mountains, craters
Craters, dust
59.
The surfaces of the Earth, Moon, and Sun are
described as having different physical characteristics.
How is the Sun different from the Earth and Moon?
A.
B.
C.
D.
The Sun has no gravity.
The Sun is a solid.
The Sun does not produce its own heat.
The Sun is capable of producing its own light.
59.
The surfaces of the Earth, Moon, and Sun are
described as having different physical characteristics.
How is the Sun different from the Earth and Moon?
A.
B.
C.
D.
The Sun has no gravity.
The Sun is a solid.
The Sun does not produce its own heat.
The Sun is capable of producing its own light.
60.
We know that Earth consists of different layers.
The Sun also has layers, but unlike Earth, the Sun
is entirely –
A.
B.
C.
D.
Solid
Gas
Melted rock
Liquid
60.
We know that Earth consists of different layers.
The Sun also has layers, but unlike Earth, the Sun
is entirely –
A.
B.
C.
D.
Solid
Gas
Melted rock
Liquid
61.
Earth is like the Moon in many ways. One way
the Moon is different from Earth is –
A.
B.
C.
D.
There is no weather on the Moon
There are no craters on Earth
There is no weather on Earth
There is more gravity on the Moon
61.
Earth is like the Moon in many ways. One way
the Moon is different from Earth is –
A.
B.
C.
D.
There is no weather on the Moon
There are no craters on Earth
There is no weather on Earth
There is more gravity on the Moon
62.
All of the following are characteristics of both
Earth and the Moon except –
A.
B.
C.
D.
Solid rocks
Craters
Oceans
Gravity
62.
All of the following are characteristics of both
Earth and the Moon except –
A.
B.
C.
D.
Solid rocks
Craters
Oceans
Gravity
63. Which layer of the Sun shown below is also a
layer of Earth?
A. Corona
B. Convection zone
C. Radiative zone
D. Core
63. Which layer of the Sun shown below is also a
layer of Earth?
A. Corona
B. Convection zone
C. Radiative zone
D. Core
64. Which statement does NOT correctly describe the
Moon and Earth?
A.
B.
C.
D.
They both have craters, mountains, and plains.
They both have gravity.
They both can sustain life.
They both rotate and revolve.
64. Which statement does NOT correctly describe the
Moon and Earth?
A.
B.
C.
D.
They both have craters, mountains, and plains.
They both have gravity.
They both can sustain life.
They both rotate and revolve.
64.
Scientist who study the Sun are called
astronomers. Our Sun gives us light, heat, and
energy. Without the Sun, life on Earth would not
exist. The sun is a normal star, but it is much
closer to us than any other star. By studying the
Sun we can learn more about –
A.
B.
C.
D.
Other planets
Other asteroids
Other stars
Other satellites
64.
Scientist who study the Sun are called
astronomers. Our Sun gives us light, heat, and
energy. Without the Sun, life on Earth would not
exist. The sun is a normal star, but it is much
closer to us than any other star. By studying the
Sun we can learn more about –
A.
B.
C.
D.
Other planets
Other asteroids
Other stars
Other satellites
65. The Sun and Earth are both constantly changing.
Students researched and collected information to
compare the Earth’s and Sun’s physical
characteristics by observing detailed photographs
of each on the Internet. Which of the following is
a physical characteristic of the Sun but NOT of
Earth?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Sunspots
Layers
Atmosphere
Spherical shape
65. The Sun and Earth are both constantly changing.
Students researched and collected information to
compare the Earth’s and Sun’s physical
characteristics by observing detailed photographs
of each on the Internet. Which of the following is
a physical characteristic of the Sun but NOT of
Earth?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Sunspots
Layers
Atmosphere
Spherical shape
65.
An astronomer wrote several books on the effects of the
Moon and Earth. He collected information by detailed
observations over an extended period of time and then
recorded his finding in a science journal. Which is the most
important reason why a scientist would record the findings
of a scientific investigation?
A.
B.
C.
D.
To provide evidence to support a conclusion
To write a narrative encouraging people to visit the Moon
To provide other scientists with interesting facts
To encourage students to read about science
65.
An astronomer wrote several books on the effects of the
Moon and Earth. He collected information by detailed
observations over an extended period of time and then
recorded his finding in a science journal. Which is the most
important reason why a scientist would record the findings
of a scientific investigation?
A.
B.
C.
D.
To provide evidence to support a conclusion
To write a narrative encouraging people to visit the Moon
To provide other scientists with interesting facts
To encourage students to read about science
66. Which of the following tools would be most useful
for demonstrating and comparing characteristics of
the Earth, Moon, and Sun?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Microscope
Triple beam balance
Terrarium
Model
66. Which of the following tools would be most useful
for demonstrating and comparing characteristics of
the Earth, Moon, and Sun?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Microscope
Triple beam balance
Terrarium
Model
66. Scale models are often used to compare the sizes of objects in
space. Compared to the size of Earth, the Sun is 110 times
bigger. Compared to Earth, the moon is 4 times smaller.
Which combination of items should be used to make the
closest scale model of Earth and Sun?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Beach ball and soccer ball
Baseball and soccer ball
Pea and soccer ball
Basketball and soccer ball
66. Scale models are often used to compare the sizes of objects in
space. Compared to the size of Earth, the Sun is 110 times
bigger. Compared to Earth, the moon is 4 times smaller.
Which combination of items should be used to make the
closest scale model of Earth and Sun?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Beach ball and soccer ball
Baseball and soccer ball
Pea and soccer ball
Basketball and soccer ball
67.
Groups of students wrote comparisons about Earth, Moon,
and Sun. Which comparison is correct?
A.
B.
C.
D.
1
The Sun is made of molten metals. Earth is made of only
metals. The moon is made of only solid rock.
2
The Sun has an atmosphere. The Moon does not have a
viable atmosphere. Earth has an atmosphere.
3
The Sun has less gravity than the Moon and Earth. The
Moon has more gravity than the Sun. Earth has more
gravity than the Sun and Moon
4
The Sun is larger than Earth but smaller than the Moon.
The Moon is smaller than Earth. Earth is larger than the
Moon and Sun.
#1
#2
#3
#4
67.
Groups of students wrote comparisons about Earth, Moon,
and Sun. Which comparison is correct?
A.
B.
C.
D.
1
The Sun is made of molten metals. Earth is made of only
metals. The moon is made of only solid rock.
2
The Sun has an atmosphere. The Moon does not have a
viable atmosphere. Earth has an atmosphere.
3
The Sun has less gravity than the Moon and Earth. The
Moon has more gravity than the Sun. Earth has more
gravity than the Sun and Moon
4
The Sun is larger than Earth but smaller than the Moon.
The Moon is smaller than Earth. Earth is larger than the
Moon and Sun.
#1
#2
#3
#4
66. Students designed an experiment to investigate how craters
were formed on the Moon. The students put flour in a pan
and covered the flour with a layer of cocoa powder. Then,
students dropped the same size marbles from heights of 5
centimeters, 10 centimeters, and 20 centimeters. They
measured the depth and width of each crater and recorded
the data on a table. What was the independent variable of
the investigation?
A.
B.
C.
D.
The amount of flour
The cocoa powder
The size of marble
The height from which the marbles were dropped.
66. Students designed an experiment to investigate how craters
were formed on the Moon. The students put flour in a pan
and covered the flour with a layer of cocoa powder. Then,
students dropped the same size marbles from heights of 5
centimeters, 10 centimeters, and 20 centimeters. They
measured the depth and width of each crater and recorded
the data on a table. What was the independent variable of
the investigation?
A.
B.
C.
D.
The amount of flour
The cocoa powder
The size of marble
The height from which the marbles were dropped.
67.
According to the this information about moon rocks, you
can conclude—
A.
B.
C.
D.
Moon rocks come in a variety of colors
Are easy to get
Are valuable
Are inexpensive
67.
According to the this information about moon rocks, you
can conclude—
A.
B.
C.
D.
Moon rocks come in a variety of colors
Are easy to get
Are valuable
Are inexpensive