Notebook #3
Review
1.Name and identify the charge
of the two particles in the nucleus
of an atom.
-protons-positive charge
-neutrons- neutral charge
2.Name and identify the charge of the
particles circling the nucleus.
-electrons-negative
charge
3.Using the periodic table, identify
the number of protons, number
of electrons (in a neutral noncharged atom), atomic mass
and how many neutrons for
Barium and Iodine.
(Next slide)
Barium=56 protons, 56 electrons,
atomic mass of 137, and 81
neutrons
• Iodine=53 protons, 53 electrons, atomic
mass of 127, and 74 neutrons
4. Put the electrons in the energy levels for
the following Neon, Aluminum, and
Boron (a neutral atom).
5.Which one of the atoms above is
most stable and why?
• Neon because the outer energy level is full
6. Define the following
•
•
•
Atom- smallest unit of matter
Element- •pure substance made of one type of atom
Compound- combination of 2 or more elements
7.How do atoms combine and
why?
• They combine by chemical bonding to
become stable
8.Which bond shares to become
stable?
• Covalent
9.Which bond takes or gives
electrons?
• Ionic
10.Define Hydrogen bond.
• H-atom attaches weakly to a different
compound
11.What is called when there is a slight
attraction between molecules that are
close?
• Van der Waals Forces
12.For the six main elements of life, identify the
acronym and what does each letter stand?
•
•
•
•
•
•
S- Sulfur
P-Phosphorus
O-Oxygen
N-Nitrogen
C-Carbon
H-Hydrogen
13.What element do ALL living things contain?
• Carbon
14.Identify the names from the smallest
singular building block to a large molecule,
put them in order.
• monomer
• polymer
• macromolecule
15.In condensation we
makes
_________________covalent
bonds and
water
release______
________.
Break
16.hydrolysis we _______covalent
bonds
water_____ .
and add______
17.What are the 4 big macromolecules and
briefly describe what their atom
combinations are.
–carbohydrates-C+H+O
–Protein-C+H+O+N
–Nucleic Acid-C+H+O+N+P
–Lipid-C+H+O (long chain)
18.Using pages 45-47 draw a diagram
for EACH of the four
macromolecules.
Carbohydrate
Nucleic Acid
Lipid
19.What is the main function of each of
the macromolecules in living
organisms?
–Carbohydrates=energy
–Proteins=regulate cells and bone
and muscle formation
–Nucleic Acid=heredity information
-Lipids=store energy
20.What is the monomer for EACH
of the macromolecules?
Carbohydrates=monosaccharide
–Protein=amino acids
–Nucleic Acid=nucleotide
–Lipid=glycerol and fatty acid
21. What protein can be used to
catalyze many reactions, but does
not change itself?
• enzyme
•
•
•
•
22. What affects enzyme
reactions?
Temperature
pH
Ionic conditions
Amt. of substrate
23.Hydrophobic means_____
fears
______________,
while hydrophilic
water
Loves_________.
water
means_________
24.In a lipid they have 2 different ends,
identify what type they are and how they
react to water.
• –polar-loves water/hydrophilic
• –nonpolar-doesn’t like water/hydrophobic
25.What are the ingredients in a
solution and identify their roles?
-solute=substance that disolves
–solvent=liquid that it solute dissolves in
26.What is the “Universal Solvent”
that is in an aqueous solution?
• water
27.A polar molecule has uneven/partial
charges, what causes this and
what does it create?
uneven distribution of electrons
–magnetic/electrical attraction
28.What are the 2 attractive forces and
what types of substances do they
affect?
cohesion=similar particles
–adhesion=different substances
up
29.Capillarity moves water____
against gravity.
H+
30.Acids form ___ions
in a solution.
OH31.Bases form ________ions
in a
solution.
32.Draw the pH scale and label 0-14.
Identify strong acids, weak acids,
neutral, weak bases, and strong bases.