World War I
Nationalism



A feeling of intense pride one’s homeland.
Primary emphasis is placed on promoting
one’s homeland’s culture and interests above
those of other countries.
Leading up to WW1, each nation viewed
other nations as competitors and many
people were willing to go to war to expand
their nation at the expense of others.
Militarism


Glorification of the military.
Fueled an arms race leading up to WW1.
Archduke Franz Ferdinand



Heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, who
was assassinated during a visit to the
Bosnian capital of Sarajevo.
The Austro-Hungarian government blamed
Serbia for the attack and decided to attack.
This starts a chain of events that will begin
World War I.
Triple Alliance/ Central Powers

Triple Alliance
–
–
–
Germany
Austria- Hungary
Italy

Central Powers
–
–
–
Germany
Austria-Hungary
Ottoman Empire
**Italy joined the Allies in
1915 due to the promise
of land.**
Kaiser Wilhelm

The German Emperor who made an alliance
with Austria-Hungary after the assasinatio of
Franz Ferdinand.
Triple Entente/ Allied Powers

Triple Entente:
–
–
–
Britain
France
Russia

Allied Powers
Britain
– France
– Russia
– Italy
**Eventually the US will join
WWI on the side of the
allies.
–
U-Boat

German submarines
Lusitania


British passenger liner carrying 128
American passengers that was sunk in 1915
by German U-boats.
Steered the US towards war with Germany,
because many Americans viewed it as an act
of terrorism, not war.
Zimmerman Note



Telegram from the German ambassador to
the Mexican government.
In it, Zimmerman proposed that Mexico ally
itself with Germany in the event of war
between Germany and the United States.
Intercepted by British intelligence and
released to American newspapers.
Selective Service Act


Required that all men between 21 and 30
register for the draft.
A lottery randomly determined the order they
were called before a local draft board.
War Industries Board



One of the first war agencies created.
The WIB’s job was to coordinate the
production of war materials.
The WIB essentially told manufacturers what
to produce, controlled the flow of raw
materials, approved the construction of new
factories, and occasionally set prices.
Committee of Public Information

Agency that provided propaganda to rally
citizen support for all aspects of the war
effort.
Conscientious Objectors


People whose moral or religious beliefs
forbid them to fight in wars.
In theory, the Selective Service Act exempts
them from combat service.
Espionage Act


Established penalties and prison terms to
anyone who aided the enemy.
Also allowed the postal authorities to ban
magazines and newspapers or other printed
materials.
Sedition Act

Made it unlawful to use “disloyal, profane,
scurrilous, or abusive language about the
American government, the Constitution, or
the military forces.
Fourteen Points



Wilson’s plan for peace.
Based on the “principle of justice to all
peoples and nationalities.”
14th point was the League of Nations
League of Nations


A “general association of nations” with the
purpose of preserving peace and preventing
future wars.
The United States never joins the LON.
Convoy System


Merchant shops and troop transports were
gathered into groups and escorted across
the Atlantic with warships.
Greatly reduced shipping losses and ensured
that American troops would arrive safely in
Europe.
Reparations

Money paid to make up for war damages.
Treaty of Versailles



Peace treaty between the Central Powers
and the Allies at the end of WWI.
Despite Wilson’s hopes, the terms of the
treaty were harsh.
**know the terms of the treaty**