Biology Final Exam Review - 2014
Answer all of these questions. Make sure that you understand ALL of the concepts and ALL of the
vocabulary words for the chapters that we have covered – go back and review your Independent Work. Also,
make sure that you review ALL of the labs that we have competed this semester.
1. Viruses
 Describe the structure and life cycle of virus
 What is the difference between the lytic cycle and the lysogenic cycle?
 Discuss the functions of the parts on a bacteriophage
 What is the difference between antibiotics and vaccines?
 Discuss why the HIV virus mutates so rapidly.
 Describe how viruses can spread so quickly through a population.
2. Evolution
 Describe the theories of Darwin (natural selection, etc.)
 Discuss the difference between analogous, homologous, vestigial structures, and embryology.
 Compare natural selection and survival of the fittest.
 Discuss the difference between natural and artificial selection
 Discuss how you can use comparative anatomy when studying evolution?
3. Classification and Kingdoms
 Describe the basic characteristics of each kingdom: eukaryote/prokaryote, autotroph/heterotroph,
cell wall/no cell wall, etc.
 What is a dichotomous Key? Describe how you use one?
 What is a phylogenetic tree? Describe how you read one?
4. Organ Systems
 List the human body systems, their functions, and the labs that we conducted (Joint Scavenger
Hunt, Skeletal Comparative Lab, Nervous System, Digestion Lab, etc.)
 How do body systems work together to maintain homeostasis?
5. Plants (This is also your review for the Plant and Ecology Chapter Test.)
 What are vascular tissues? How are they used to aid photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
 What are the different tropisms (photo-, gravi-, and thigma-)? Know positive and negative.
 What is a guard cell and stoma? What is their importance in gas exchange and water loss?
 Activities to know (Seed Design Lab and Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Poster)
6. Ecology and Populations (This is also your review for the Plant and Ecology Chapter Test.)
 Describe the carbon cycle and nitrogen cycle. Which are typically the most limiting cycle? How
are these cycles important to living organisms?
 Can matter be recycled? Can energy be recycled? Why or why not?
 In what direction does energy flow in an ecosystem? How much energy is lost in each transfer?
 What are the parts of a food web starting with the sun?
 What happens to a population if one part of the food web is altered? For example: what happens if
one part of a food web becomes extinct.
 Describe the relationship between the predator and prey? What happens to the populations?
 What is an autotroph, producer, heterotroph, and consumer?
 What are limiting factors? How do they relate to carrying capacity? Discuss why biodiversity is so
important in relation to limiting factors and carrying capacity. (think about the white-tail deer)
 What are the levels of organization from an atom to the biosphere?
 How are plants and animals adapted to various biomes? Be specific!
 Describe the differences between primary and secondary succession?
 Activities to know and understand (Food Web Activity, Ecology Scavenger Hunt, and
Understanding the Greenhouse Gases)