Rock Cycle
&
Weathering
TEST REVIEW
Relative dating uses various
clues to figure out:
A.THE EXACT AGE OF AN
OBJECT
B.THE ORDER OF EVENTS OVER
TIME
C.THE COLOR OF AN OBJECT
D.THE BEHAVIORS OF AN
ORGANISM
The fact that the layers of rock on one side of
the Grand Canyon match up with the layers on
the other side of the canyon illustrates:
A . ORIGINAL
HORIZONTALITY
B . LATERAL CONTINUITY
C . SUPERPOSITION
D . RELATIVE DATING
The theory of cross-cutting relationships
states that a vein of rock that cuts across a
rock’s layers is:
A.YOUNGER THAN THE ROCK
LAYERS
B.OLDER THAN THE ROCK
LAYERS
C.THE SAME AGE AS THE ROCK
LAYERS
D.THE SAME TYPE OF ROCK AS
THE ROCK LAYERS
Which type of rock will break
down as part of the rock cycle?
A . IGNEOUS ROCK
B . METAMORPHIC ROCK
C . SEDIMENTARY ROCK
D . ALL OF THE ABOVE
The law that states that the bottom
layer of a rock formation is older
than the layer on top is known as:
A.THE LAW OF LATERAL
CONTINUITY
B.THE LAW OF SUPERPOSITION
C.THE LAW OF RELATIVE
DATING
D.THE LAW OF ORIGINAL
HORIZONTALITY
Fossils are formed when an
organism:
A. LIES ON EARTH’S SURFACE FOR MANY
YEARS
B. IS QUICKLY COVERED WITH
SEDIMENT AND THEN FORMED INTO
SEDIMENTARY ROCK OVER MANY
YEARS
C. TURNS INTO CRYSTALS OVER MANY
YEARS
D. IS PRESERVED IN MAGMA
According to the geologic time scale,
in which era did humans first
appear?
A . PALEOZOIC
B . MESOZOIC
C . CENOZOIC
D . PRECAMBRIAN
Classifying rocks as igneous,
sedimentary, or metamorphic is
based on differences in:
A. THEIR AGE
B. THEIR PARTICLE SIZE
C. THEIR HARDNESS
D. HOW THEY FORMED
Millions of years ago, the
continents were once a great
landmass that has been named:
A . PANGAEA
B . LITHOSPHERIC PLATE
C . GLOSSOPTERIS
D . SUPERCONTINENT
The size of the crystals in
igneous rocks is determined by:
A. HOW FAST THE MAGMA MELTS
B. HOW FAST THE MAGMA COOLS
C. WHERE THE MAGMA FLOWS FROM
THE VOLCANO
D. WHEN THE MAGMA FLOWS FROM THE
VOLCANO
Which of the following best explains why
the same types of fossils are found spread
on different continents?
A. THE SEPARATION AND MOVEMENT
OF PANGAEA INTO TODAY’S
CONTINENTS
B. THE SUPERPOSITION PRINCIPLE
C. ABSOLUTE DATING
D. ORIGINAL HORIZONTALITY
How do igneous rocks form?
A. UNDER HIGH PRESSURE AND AT LOW
TEMPERATURES
B. BY EROSION
C. BY COMPRESSION
D. BY COOLING AND SOLIDIFYING
MAGMA OR LAVA
The process of breaking down
rock is called:
A . EROSION
B . DEPOSITION
C . WEATHERING
D . SEDIMENTATION
What force causes rocks and
sediment to erode down slopes?
A. THE SUN
B. GRAVITY
C. EARTH’S INTERNAL ENERGY
D. DROUGHT
How does Earth’s internal energy
provide a driving source for
weathering?
A.IT CAUSES THE MOVEMENT OF
THE LITHOSPHERIC PLATES
B.IT CAUSES THE WATER CYCLE
C.IT CAUSES WEATHER
D.ALL OF THE ABOVE
______ rocks formed from rock
particles broken down into small
pieces by the rock cycle.
A. SEDIMENTARY
B. METAMORPHIC
C. IGNEOUS
D. ALL OF THE ABOVE
Which of the following would help
farmers to prevent erosion in their
fields?
A.PLANT GROUNDCOVER
B.REMOVE GRASSES
C.REMOVE TOPSOIL
D.PLOW DOWN A SLOPE
Weathering breaks rock into
bits and pieces called:
A. BEDDING
B. SEDIMENT
C. CRYSTALS
D. MEANDERS
If soil is aerated it always
contains:
A.INSECTS
B.BACTERIA
C.AIR
D.WATER
When layers of sediment are
pressed together, it is known as:
A. MELTING
B. COMPACTION
C. CRYSTALLIZING
D. INTRUSIVE
Erosion can be caused by:
A.GRAZING LIVESTOCK
B.DEFORESTATION
C. CONSTRUCTION
D.ALL OF THE ABOVE
How are weathering and
erosion different?
A. WEATHERING MOVES SEDIMENT
FROM PLACE TO PLACE, WHILE
EROSION PRODUCES SEDIMENT
B. WEATHERING PRODUCES SEDIMENT,
WHILE EROSION MOVES SEDIMENT
FROM PLACE TO PLACE
C. WEATHERING PRODUCES EROSION
D. EROSION PRODUCES WEATHERING
In a soil profile, the dark layer
called topsoil is:
A.HORIZON A
B.HORIZON B
C.HORIZON D
D.HORIZON O
Metamorphic rocks are formed
from:
A. COOLING OF MAGMA
B. COOLING OF LAVA
C. HEAT AND PRESSURE
D. COMPACTION OF SEDIMENT
The organic matter in nature produced by
bacterial decay of plant and animal matter
is known as:
A . SEDIMENT
B . HUMUS
C . COMPOST
D . SOIL
In which of the following
environments would a rock
weather the fastest?
A. IN A PROTECTED VALLEY
B. IN A HOT, DRY DESERT
C. IN A HOT, WET RAINFOREST
D. UNDERGROUND
Components of soil include:
A . BACTERIA
B . AIR
C . WATER
D . ALL OF THE ABOVE
Which of the following processes
changes sediments into
sedimentary rock?
A. MELTING AND SOLIDIFICATION
B. COMPACTION AND CEMENTING
C. EXTRUSION AND INTRUSION
D. METAMORPHISM
The BEST soil for growing crops
contains:
A.HUMUS
B.HUMUS AND WATER
C.HUMUS, WATER, AND AIR
D.HUMUS, WATER, AIR, AND
MINERALS
Root wedging is when plant roots
break apart rocks and is a process
of:
A. PHYSICAL WEATHERING
B. CHEMICAL WEATHERING
C. EROSION
D. BOTH A AND B
Earth worms are important in soil
because they do all of the following
EXCEPT:
A. HELP PLANTS GET NITROGEN
FROM THE ATMOSPHERE
B. LOOSEN THE SOIL SO WATER CAN
GET INTO THE SOIL
C. LOOSEN THE SOIL SO AIR CAN GET
INTO THE SOIL
D. ENRICH THE SOIL WITH THEIR
WASTE PRODUCTS
Where are sedimentary rocks
usually found?
A. IN MANY AREAS ON MOST OF THE
CONTINENTS
B. IN REGIONS OF RECENT VOLCANIC
ACTIVITY
C. DEEP WITHIN EARTH’S CRUST
D. IN REGIONS WHERE THERE ARE
GLACIERS
In a soil profile, the horizon
that consists of bedrock is:
A . HORIZON A
B . HORIZON B
C . HORIZON D
D . HORIZON O
Agents of chemical weathering
include all of the following
EXCEPT:
A. ACID RAIN
B. OXYGEN IN THE ATMOSPHERE
C. MOSS AND LICHENS
D. WIND
In a soil profile, leaching takes
place in:
A.HORIZON A
B.HORIZON B
C.HORIZON D
D.HORIZON O
Metamorphic rock is formed
when heat and pressure change:
A. IGNEOUS ROCK
B. SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
C. METAMORPHIC ROCKS
D. ALL OF THE ABOVE
Relative dating uses various
clues to figure out:
A. THE EXACT AGE OF AN OBJECT
B. THE ORDER OF EVENTS OVER TIME
C. THE COLOR OF AN OBJECT
D. THE BEHAVIORS OF AN ORGANISM
Falling rock can break into very
small pieces when it hits the
ground by:
A. GRAVITY
B. ROOT WEDGING
C. FROST WEDGING
D. CHEMICAL WEATHERING
A method of putting events in the order in
which they happened is known as:
A.THE LAW OF SUPERPOSITION
B.LATERAL CONTINUITY
C.RELATIVE DATING
D.CROSS-CUTTING
Preserved animal remains are
usually found in which rock type?
A. IGNEOUS
B. SEDIMENTARY
C. METAMORPHIC
D. IGNEOUS AND SEDIMENTARY
When fossils are used to determine the
relative age of layers of rock is it is known
as:
A.FAUNAL SUCCESSION
B.INCLUSION
C.RELATIVE DATING
D.CROSS-CUTTING
Rock can be reduced to smaller pieces by
chemical reactions between water and
rock grains in the process of:
A. PHYSICAL WEATHERING
B. CHEMICAL WEATHERING
C. EROSION
D. DEPOSITION
The correct order of events for
fossil formation is:
A. SOFT BODY PARTS DECAY, SEDIMENTS
ARE DEPOSITED AND COVER ORGANISMS,
SEDIMENTS AND PARTS BECOME ROCK
B. SEDIMENTS ARE DEPOSITED AND COVER
ORGANISM, SOFT BODY PARTS DECAY,
SEDIMENTS AND HARD PARTS BECOME
ROCK
C. HARD AND SOFT BODY PARTS DECAY AND
BECOME ROCK
D. SEDIMENTS COVER ORGANISM AND ALL
BODY PARTS DECAY
Where is the youngest layer of
sedimentary rock usually found in
multiple layers of rock?
A. TOP
B. BOTTOM
C. MIDDLE
D. SIDE
Fossils are most often formed from
which parts of a dead organism?
A.THE ENTIRE BODY
B.SOFT PARTS
C.THE ORGANISM’S SKIN
D.HARD PARTS
_____ is a weathering agent in
which frozen water causes rocks to
break apart:
A. GRAVITY
B. EXFOLIATION
C. ICE WEDGING
D. ROOT WEDGING
In a soil profile, a dark layer
composed of decaying plant matter
and humus is:
A.HORIZON A
B.HORIZON B
C.HORIZON D
D.HORIZON O
The process of breaking down
rock is called:
A. EROSION
B. DEPOSITION
C. WEATHERING
D. SEDIMENTATION
The largest divisions of time on the
geologic time scale are known as:
A . ERAS
B . PERIODS
C . CENTURIES
D . DECADES
A method of putting events in the
order in which they happened is
known as:
A . THE LAW OF
SUPERPOSITION
B . LATERAL CONTINUITY
C . RELATIVE DATING
D . CROSS-CUTTING
In the geologic time scale, major
periods of time are divided into:
A . YEARS AND MONTHS
B . ERAS AND PERIODS
C . CENTURIES AND PERIODS
D . ERAS AND DECADES