Nombre ________________________________________
Fecha __________________________________________
Periodo ___________
Nacionalidad ____________________
Los Apuntes de la Unidad 2 Etapa 2
I. The Present Subjunctive of the Regular Verbs (pg 136)
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Remember when you learned to tell someone not to do something using the negative command
forms?
The same endings are used when you want to express your opinion or point of view using the
subjunctive.
Modelo: Es importante que uses el transporte público. (It’s important that you use public
transportation.)
Write the present subjunctive endings below:
-ar
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-er/-ir
Remember that you must use the yo form of the verb and drop the –o and then add the subjunctive endings.
Also some verbs change the spelling to keep the pronunciation the same.
-car verbs  __________________
-gar verbs  __________________
-zar verbs  __________________
-ger verbs  __________________
buscar  busque
pagar  pague
cruzar  cruce
recoger  recoja
II. The present subjunctive of Irregular Verbs (pg 138)
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You have already learned to form the subjunctive of regular verbs to express your opinion or point
of view.
Some verbs have irregular forms in the subjunctive. Fill out your t-charts for each verb below.
Dar
Estar
Ir
Saber
Ser
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Verbs with yo forms that end in –go or zco in the present indiciative use the same irregular stem in
the subjunctive.
Decir  Digo
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Conocer  Conozco
Other verbs like these are: caer, hacer, oír, salir, venir, tener, traer, ofrecer
III. The Present subjunctive of stem-changing verbs (pg 139)
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When you use the present subjunctive of –ar and –er stem changing verbs, remember to make the
same stem changes as in the present indiciative.
Notice that –ir verbs change their stems differently. The stem change of an e  ie stem changer is
changed to ie in the boot, but outside the boot it changes to i. The stem change of an o  ue stem
changer is changed to ue in the boot, but outside the boot it changes to u. If it is an e i stem
change, it changes to an i in all forms.
IV. The Present Perfect Subjunctive (pg. 141)
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You have already learned how to form the present perfect in the indicative. Remember it is the
present tense of haber + the past participle of the verb which is the –ado or –ido form of the verb.
The subjunctive also has a present perfect. To form it you use the present subjunctive of haber + past
participle.
Present Subjunctive of Haber
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To form the past participle drop the –ar and put ado and for –er/-ir verbs put ido. You use the
present perfect subjunctive to indicate that the action of the subordinate clause took place in the
past. Compare the following sentences.
Present Subjunctive:
Es possible que Juan visite Mitla. (It’s possible that Juan is visiting/will visit Mitla.)
Present Perfect Subjunctive:
Es possible que Juan haya visitado Mitla. (It’s possible that Juan has visited Mitla.)
Present Subjunctive:
Es bueno que hagas eso. (It’s good that you’re doing/ will do that.)
Present Perfect Subjunctive:
Es bueno que hayas hecho eso. (It’s good that you’ve done/ you did that.)
Notice how the
meanings of two
subjunctives
contrast with each
other