Alejandra Humpierres 10-10362
Mariam Mayorca 10-10437
Beam bridge.
 Concept.
 History.
 Types.
 Structure.
 Efficiency.
 Other
Functions.
Cantiveler bridge.
What comes to your mind when you
think about bridges?
Arch bridge.
A bridge is a structure built to cross over physical
obstacles such as a body of water, valley, or road, for the
purpose of providing passage over the obstacle. Designs of
bridges vary depending on the function of the bridge, the
nature of the terrain where the bridge is constructed, the
material used to make it and the funds available to build it.
Tied arch bridges.
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The first bridges were made by nature itself.
The first bridges made by humans were spans of cut
wooden logs or planks and eventually stones, using a
simple support arrangement.
One of the oldest arch bridges is the The Arkadiko Bridge.
The greatest bridge builders of antiquity were the ancient
Romans.
In the 4th century the use of stronger bridges using plaited
bamboo and iron chain was visible in India.
The oldest surviving stone bridge in China is the Zhaozhou
Bridge.
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European segmental arch bridges date back to at least the
Alconétar Bridge.
Rope bridges, a simple type of suspension bridge, were
used by the Inca civilization in South America, just prior to
European colonization in the 16th century.
A major breakthrough in bridge technology came with the
erection of the Iron Bridge in Coalbrookdale, England in
1779.
With the Industrial Revolution in the 19th century, truss
systems of wrought iron were developed for larger bridges.
With the advent of steel, which has a high tensile strength,
much larger bridges were built.
In 1927 welding pioneer Stefan Bryła designed the first
welded road bridge in the world.
 Beam
bridges: Beam bridges are horizontal
beams supported at each end by abutments.
 Cantilever bridges: Cantilever bridges are
built using horizontal beams supported on
only one end.
 Arch bridges: Arch bridges have abutments
at each end.
 Tied arch bridges: Tied arch bridges have an
arch-shaped superstructure, but differ from
conventional arch bridges.
 Suspension bridges: Suspension bridges are
suspended from cables.
 Cable-stayed
bridges: Cable-stayed bridges,
like suspension bridges, are held up by
cables. However, in a cable-stayed bridge,
less cable is required and the towers holding
the cables are proportionately shorter.
 Movable
bridges: Movable bridges are
designed to move out of the way of boats or
other kinds of traffic.
 Double-decked bridges: Double-decked or
double-decker bridges have two levels.
Bridges may be classified by how the forces
of tension, compression, bending, torsion and
shear are distributed through their structure.
Suspension bridge.
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A bridge's structural efficiency is the relation of weight
carried to bridge mass.
A bridge's economic efficiency will be site and traffic
dependent, the relation of savings by having a bridge
(instead of, for example, a ferry, or a longer road route)
compared to its cost.
Cable-stayed bridges.
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Some bridges accommodate other purposes, such as the
tower of Nový Most bridge in Bratislava, which features a
restaurant. Other suspension bridge towers carry
transmission antennas.
A bridge can carry overhead power lines as does the
Storstrom Bridge.
Movable bridge.
Bridges have been build for a very long time. Many
types of bridges exist and a different type is used for every
situation. For their construction, location, materials and
weight most be considered. Bridges are very important
architectural constructions because they have the power
to bring places closer and communication easier.
Double-decked bridge.