Do Now: What is the story of
this picture?
Romulus and Remus
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Twins-father was the god of war (Mars)
Their uncle worried they might overthrow him so he ordered
them to be abandoned by the Tiber River
Suckled by a she-wolf, then raised by shepherds
When they discover their true origins, they kill their uncle
and claim power
They argue about where the new capital city should be;
Romulus kills Remus and names the new city after himself
(Rome)
Rome will become one of the greatest empires in the world
(heavily influenced by Greek culture)
Make some inferences-What can we learn about Romans
and their beliefs/culture from this myth?
World History
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For many years, Rome was
ruled by kings like
Tarquinius (right). However,
in 510 BCE the Roman
aristocracy (upper class)
revolted against the king
and overthrew him.
List at least three reasons
why the Romans might
have overthrown their
king.
Beginnings of the Roman
Republic (vowed never to
be ruled by kings again)
What is a republic?
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From the Latin res
publica (literally,
concern of the
people)
Power is held by the
people and their
representatives
Rome’s republic lasts
from 509-133 BCE
What physical space did the
Roman Republic control?
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Use your text and other
map resources to
complete the outline
map
From foundation of
republic through
beginnings of empire
(509 BCE-44 CE)
What does this show us
about the growth and/or
maintenance of the
empire? Make two
inferences
Rome
Practice test questions
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The Chinese philosopher Hanfeizi said, “…the nature of
man is evil. His goodness is acquired.” The school of
thought that grew out of his teachings was known as:
 Buddhism
 Daoism
 Confucianism
 Legalism
Which of the following was NOT an accomplishment of
the first emperor?
 A book burning campaign.
 Construction of the Great Wall of China.
 Standardized weights and measures across the
empire.
 Lowering taxes across the empire.
More practice
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Chandragupta was the leader of the
___________________empire.
 Han
 Gupta
 Maurya
 Qin
Which of the following BEST describes
Chandragupta’s leadership style?
 Fair, but harsh on lawbreakers
 Ineffective
 Bureaucratic
 Controlling
The Roman Republic: record
these in your notes
 Senators

(January/February birthdays)
Hint: senators were all patricians (what is this?)
 Consuls
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I will pick two from the senator group
 Dictator

(March)
Cincinnatus was model-why?
 Plebeians
(April/May/June/July/November/December
birthdays)
 Tribunes (August/September/October)
What would your role be?
 After
overthrowing the king, Rome
developed a republic and a strong
military to meet their political needs.
 Use the text (pp. 131-132) to explain your
role in this new government
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What was your role in the republic?
What purpose did you serve?
What level of the social hierarchy (social
ladder-high or low)?
World History

Do Now: Find the people
that share your role in
the republic. Review the
three questions and be
prepared to begin our
simulation.
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What is your role (what
do you do)?
What is your purpose
(why is this needed in the
republic)?
What is your place in
society
(high/middle/low)?
Sons swearing to their father
that they will protect Rome.
If we functioned as the Roman
Republic…
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Record each of the
following issues in your
notes
Include your group’s
response to the problem
(what you want to see
done and why)
Include your reaction to
the republic’s decision—
Why do you feel this
way?
I will check these
responses during the test
on Friday for a QUIZ
GRADE
Roman Republic Issue #1
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The growing empire must
be protected. Therefore,
the army must be
expanded. To do this, taxes
must be raised to provide
for outfitting and training.
Which of the options below
do you propose as a
solution? Why?
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Increase the taxes on the
plebeian class
Increase the taxes on the
patrician class
Increase the taxes on all
classes
Other solution??
Roman Republic Issue #2
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The Plebeians are upset that
their voices are not being
heard in the senate. They
demand the right to elect
their own representatives
(tribunes).
Plebeians-Why do you
demand the right to take
part in the senate?
Patricians-Should the
plebeians be granted
access to the senate? Why
or why not?
What might occur if the
plebeians are not given
access to the senate?
Roman Republic Issue #3
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As the empire begins to
conquer more and more
territory, the question about
how to treat conquered
people becomes an issue.
Choose one of the options
below and explain your
choice.
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Allow all conquered people to
become full citizens (all rights)
Allow only upper class
conquered people to become
full citizens
Allow only partial citizenship to
conquered people (can marry
and carry on trade)
Enslave all conquered people
Reminder-tribunes have veto
power
What happened?

Write a brief response (complete sentences)
that considers the following:
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What decisions were made?
Who had the most influence on these
decisions? Why?
Were you happy with the results? Why or why
not?
What might happen as a result of these
decisions? Why?
What possible problems do you see with this
type of government?
World History (12/1)
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Do Now: Record and answer the following questions
in your notes section.
What is the highest position in the Roman senate?
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A. Tribune
B. Senator
C. Dictator
D. Consul
Which social group in Rome held the most power in
the Roman Republic?
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A. Patricians
B. Plebeians
C. Slaves
D. Farmers
Rome vs. Carthage
 Carthage
(in
modern day
Tunisia) became
Rome’s biggest
nemesis
 What do you think
they might have
fought over?

Discuss with a
shoulder partner
First Punic War (264-241 BCE)
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In 264 B.C., Rome decided to intervene in a dispute
on the western coast of the island of Sicily (then a
Carthaginian province) involving an attack by
soldiers from the city of Syracuse against the city of
Messina. While Carthage supported Syracuse, Rome
supported Messina, and the struggle soon exploded
into a direct conflict between the two powers, with
control of Sicily at stake.
Rome wins when they gain control of the
Mediterranean Sea
http://www.history.com/topics/ancient-history/punicwars
Which of the following animals
almost brought Carthage to victory
in the 2nd Punic War (218-201 BCE)?
#1
#2
#3
Hannibal and his elephants
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Son of powerful general
Hamilcar Barca
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Crossed from Spain across
the Alps (using elephants)
and attacked Rome
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Father forced him to swear
an oath against Rome
Surprise attacks almost
bring Carthage victory
Used like modern day tanks
(smash and trample the
enemy lines)
Forced to retreat and
defend North Africa
Third Punic War (149-146 BCE)
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Even though Carthage
defeated twice
previously, many in
Roman senate still
consider them a threat
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Cato-ended all
speeches with
“Furthermore, it is my
opinion that Carthage
must be destroyed.”
City demolished
Earth salted
50,000 survivors sold into
slavery
Add an inference

Add this inference into your notes. I will check
this inference for a quick ten point homework
grade.

Rome gains complete control of the
Mediterranean after these wars. What might
be a possible future effect of the Punic Wars
on the Roman Republic? What supports this
inference (what facts/information do you
already know?)
World History (12/2)
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Do Now: Record and answer these questions in
your notes section.
Which of the following was NOT a goal of Julius
Caesar?
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A. Be elected consul
B. Restore his family’s name and glory
C. Be popular with the senate.
D. Collect wealth
Which of Caesar’s qualities caused the MOST
concern within the Roman Senate?
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A. His ambition
B. His leadership ability
C. His striking good looks
D. His writing/speaking ability
World History (12/3)
 When
the cities of Pompeii and
Herculaneum were suddenly consumed
by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79
C.E., many of their buildings were so
intimately preserved that modern
archaeologists can even read the graffiti
scribbled onto their ancient walls.
 What might this inscription reveal about
the ancient Romans?
What might this inscription reveal
about the ancient Romans?
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“MIXIMUS IN LECTO.
FAETOR, PECCAVIMUS,
HOSPES. SI DICES: QUARE?
NULLA MATELLA FUIT.”
Translation: “We have
wet the bed. I admit, we
were wrong, my host. If
you ask ‘why?’ There was
no chamber pot.” [Found
inside an inn.]
Roman Achievement
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In your groups, read through the examples of Roman
achievement taking notes on the following:
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What was the innovation/technology/improvement made by
the Romans?
How did it change life in the Roman Republic/Empire?
How might this innovation/technology/improvement affect
the rest of the world?
Read through your section at a level 0
Share your info and take notes on other sections
Wait until the person is done sharing to ask questions
All questions need to be asked of group members first

Raise your hand if no one in your group can answer the
question to receive assistance from Mr. Stern
World History
 Do
Now: What is this place? What
use/purpose might it serve?
What do the catacombs show us
about Christians in ancient Rome?
In ancient Roman times, no one was allowed to be buried within the
walls of the city. While pagan Romans were into cremation, Christians preferred
to be buried (so they could be resurrected when the time came). But land was
expensive, and most Christians were poor. A few wealthy, landowning
Christians allowed their land to be used as burial places.
The 40 or so known catacombs are scattered outside the ancient walls
of Rome. From the first through the fifth centuries, Christians dug an estimated
375 miles of tomb-lined tunnels, with networks of galleries as many as five layers
deep. The volcanic tuff that Rome sits atop — soft and easy to cut, but hardens
when exposed to air — was perfect for the job. The Christians burrowed many
layers deep for two reasons: to get more mileage out of the donated land, and
to be near martyrs and saints already buried there. Bodies were wrapped in
linen (like Christ's). Since they figured the Second Coming was imminent, there
was no interest in embalming the body.
When Emperor Constantine legalized Christianity in A.D. 313, Christians
had a new, interesting problem: There would be no more recently persecuted
martyrs to bind them together and inspire them. Instead, the early martyrs and
popes assumed more importance, and Christians began making pilgrimages to
their burial places in the catacombs.
Which of these is MOST important?
(Unit test short answer question)
 Choose
one of the five innovations from
your station reading
 Why was this
technology/innovation/improvement the
MOST important to world history?
 How is it still having an impact today?
 How might the world be different if the
Romans had never brought this into the
world?
Study guide
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Use the rest of class time to complete
When looking for importance of people,
events, empires, etc., remember to use SPRITE
Remember the four main geographic areas
we focused on in this unit:
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India
China
Greece
Rome