By: Jason Pha
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The Central Nervous System consists of the brain and
the spinal cord.
The Central Nervous System’s job is to coordinate all
parts of the bodies activities.
The spinal cord relays sensory information from the
Peripheral Nervous System to the brain.
It also helps as a minor reflex center.
The spine also delivers nerve impulses throughout the
body to the muscles.
The brain receives inputs from the spinal cord and also
initiates proper motor outputs throughout the body.
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Somatic and Autonomic nervous systems make up the
peripheral nervous system.
The PNS is also made of sensory neurons that run from
stimulus receptors to inform the CNS of the stimuli.
It also contains motor neurons that run from the CNS
to muscles and glands.
Somatic nervous system involves voluntary movement.
Autonomic nervous system involves involuntary
movement.
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Control center for
Nervous System.
Sends signals to all
parts of the body for
different jobs.
Generates behavioral
functions.
Inputs and outputs
functions and actions
for the body.
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Long tubular nerve
tissue extending from
the brain.
Vertebral column
protects the nerve cord.
Transmits neural signals
between the brain and
the body.
Divided into 31 different
segments.
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Nerves carry electrochemical signals throughout the nervous
system and between the nervous systems and tissues and
organs.
Nerves are divided into 4 classes.
Cranial Nerves- connects sense organs to the brain.
Central Nerves- connects areas between brain and Spinal
cord.
Peripheral Nerves- connects spinal cord with limbs.
Autonomic Nerves- connects brain and spinal cord with
body organs.
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Specialized cells that
conduct electrochemical
impulses.
Contains:
Dendrite
Nucleus
Cell Body
Axon
Axon Terminal
Myelin Sheath
Schwann Cell
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When a stimulus is strong enough a nerve impulse is
generated.
Chemical and electrical changes occur in the neuron.
The cell depolarizes causing an action potential which then
makes the nerve impulse move across the axon.
The impulse is passed along to other neurons triggering a
domino effect until the response has been done.
A response to the stimuli depends on the type of
neurotransmitters involved.
The recovery time or refactory period of a nerve cell takes
0.0004 second to recover after a stimuli has gone through.
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2 Types: Electrical and
Chemical Synapses
Synapses are junctions
controlling communication
between a neuron and
another cell.
Presynaptic celltransmitting cell
Postsynaptic cellreceiving cell
ELECTRICAL SYNAPSES
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Allows the action
potentials to spread
directly from presynaptic
to the postsynaptic cell.
The cells are connected by
gap junctions.
Not as common as
chemical synapses in
vertebrates and
invertebrates.
CHEMICAL SYNAPSES
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Electrical signal of the
action potential arrives
at the synaptic terminal.
Turns into and travels
across the synapse and
turns back into an
electrical signal in the
postsynaptic cell.
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About 13,500,000 neurons
can be found in the human
spinal cord.
Nervous system transmits
messages to the brain at
speeds of up to 180 mph.
The spinal cord controls
over 10 billion nerve cells,
and is less than two feet in
length and its diameter is
same as that of the index
finger.
Website for more interesting
facts of the nervous
system:
http://www.medindia.net/k
now_ur_body/nersystem
3.asp
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Central Nervous System Diagram:http://medicalimages.allrefer.com/large/centralnervous-system.jpg
Autonomic Nervous System
Diagram:http://www.demosschiropractic.com/illus/autonomic-nervous-system.gif
Peripheral Nervous System Diagram:http://visual.merriamwebster.com/images/human-being/anatomy/nervous-system/peripheral-nervoussystem.jpg
Brain Diagram picture:
http://quantumlearningblog.files.wordpress.com/2009/02/brain1.jpg
Nervous System Chart Diagram:http://www.mrothery.co.uk/images/Imag78.gif
Neuron
Diagram:http://training.seer.cancer.gov/module_anatomy/images/illu_neuron.jpg
Nerve Impulse Diagram:
http://www.freewebs.com/soaring_sphincter_travel_agency/nerve%20impulse.gif
Nervous System Video: http://videos.howstuffworks.com/hsw/17120-introduction-tothe-nervous-system-video.htm
http://www.garyfisk.com/anim/neuronparts.swf
Intro to Neurons video: http://videos.howstuffworks.com/hsw/17067-in-controlintroduction-to-neurons-video.htm
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Path of a Nerve impulse video:
http://www.marymount.k12.ny.us/marynet/stwbwk05/05bio/jsnervous/html/jsanim.html
Enteric Nervous system information:
http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/digestion/basics/gi_nervous.html
Nervous system and other body systems: http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/organ.html
Nervous System Facts: http://www.medindia.net/know_ur_body/Nersystem2.asp
Nervous System Worksheet:
http://www.glencoe.com/sec/science/biology/bio2000/chapter/worksheets.php?iRef=36&i
Chapter=36&iUnit=10&iUnitNumber=10&iArticle=36
Chemical Synapse video: http://highered.mcgrawhill.com/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=swf::535::535::/sites/dl/free/0072437316/120107/ani
m0015.swf::Chemical%20Synapse
Synapse Picture:
http://wpcontent.answers.com/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Synapse_Illustration2_tw
eaked.svg/350px-Synapse_Illustration2_tweaked.svg.png
Vocab: http://info.conroeisd.net/~pknowlton/nervocab.htm
Nerve Cell picture slide 14 in PPT: http://www.eradimaging.com/cffm/custom/MS%20May%202008/Figure-2.jpg
The Neuron Worksheet: http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/fillin1.html
Synapses picture slide 19:
http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2000/med-2.jpg