10
Web Development
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Learning Outcomes

Describe Necessary Web Skills, Functions, & Jobs

Understand the System Development Life Cycle

Describe the Activities in


Conceptualization
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Testing
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Analysis
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Launch
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Design
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Maintenance
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Production
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Evaluation
Compare Website Goals To Results
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Development Options
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Make (Create In-house)
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
More Control
Buy (Outsourcing)
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Lower Overall Cost
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Higher Quality
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Faster Implementation

Less Staff Required
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Project Job Roles

Web Operations Manager
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Oversees Strategy & Operations
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Content Creation & Maintenance
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Develops Business Plan & Annual Budget
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Accountable for:
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Staff

Product & Service Delivery
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Project Job Roles

Administration: Level 1
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Performs Research
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Assists in Determining Practices for Admin & Ops
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Hardware & Connectivity Requirements
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Monitoring Technical Integrity
Create Proposals
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Project Job Roles
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Administration: Level 2
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Connectivity Requirements
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Intranet, LAN, WAN
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3rd Party Liaison
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Implement Security Measures
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Project Job Roles

Administration: Level 3
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Develop & Administer Processes
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Infrastructure
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Firewall
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Site Monitoring
Quality Assurance Reviews
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Project Job Roles

Content: Level 1
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Updates Content Based on Standards
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Posts Documents to Site
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Review Site for Outdated Content
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Repurpose Brochures, Newsletters, White Papers
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Project Job Roles
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Content: Level 2
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Modify & Create Content
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Review Content for Accuracy & Quality
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Grammar & Consistency
Provides Direction for Converting Text to Pages
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Project Job Roles
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Content: Level 3
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Support of Web Content Strategy
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Strategic & Creative Development
Ensures Development & Implementation Standards
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Content Submission & Approval Procedures
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Oversees Content Changes
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Project Job Roles
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Design: Level 1
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Documents Project Plans
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Researches Competing Sites
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Design Elements
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Unique Features
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Project Job Roles
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Design: Level 2
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Creates Project Plans & Standards
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Direct Implementation of UI
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Approves Layout
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Builds Prototype & Verifies Usability
Work w/ Developers
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Special Effects, Animation, Graphics
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Project Job Roles
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Design: Level 3
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Develop UI
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Organizational Structure, Navigation
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Labeling Conventions
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Search Systems
Final Review of Graphics, Layout, Clarity
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Approves Layout & Verifies Usability
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Project Job Roles
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Development: Level 1
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
Program
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HTML, CSS, JavaScript, XML, Java
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Formulates Site Scope for Web Apps
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Assists in Preparing Detailed Specs
Test, Debug
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Analyze/Revise Logic & Documentation
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Project Job Roles
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Development: Level 2
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Devises Capabilities to Solve Complex Problems
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Prepares Detailed Specs
Technical Resource
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Codes Complex Routines
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Oversees Testing, Debugging
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Guidance & Training for Less-Experienced Staff
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Project Job Roles
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Development: Level 3
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Defines Scope & Objectives for Web Apps
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Responsible for Technical Design and UI
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Leads Development of Specs & Project Plans
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Oversees Program Design, Coding, Testing, Docs
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Performs Quality Assurance Reviews
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Directs Team Members
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Project Job Roles

Marketing: Level 1
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Monitors Site Activity
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Prepares Analysis for Management Review
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Marketing Research Support
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Coordinate with Print, Radio, & Television
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Project Job Roles

Marketing: Level 2
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Input/Recommendations
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Channels, Strategic Partners
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Branding, Marketing, Hyperlinks
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Assists in Developing Marketing Plans
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Identify Revenue-Generating Opportunities
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Project Job Roles

Marketing: Level 3
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Develop/Implement Web Promotion Strategy
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Develop Strategic Partner Relationships
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Significant Service/Product Marketing Experience
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Project Job Roles

Project Manager
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Plans, Schedules, & Controls Activities
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Establishes Scope
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Goals, Objectives, & Expectations of Project
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List Required Activities
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Time Required
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Cost Estimate
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Order & Dependency
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Project Job Roles

Graphic Designer
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Determines Appropriate Use of Color & Graphics
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Designs Wireframes
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Creates Logos & Images
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Optimized for Web
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Consulting Tips

Communicate Through Chain of Command
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Don’t Stop at Your Contact
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Gain Knowledge Regarding Your Client’s Business
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Outline Decisions, Present Options
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Communicate Progress, Show Results
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Punctuality
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Get Sign-offs, Document Decisions
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Know When to Fold ‘Em
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
System Development Life Cycle

Planning


Analysis
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
Project Definition
Site Structure
Design

Visual Design
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
System Development Life Cycle


Implementation
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Site Development
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Testing
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Launch
Support
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Maintenance
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Planning — Project Definition

Conduct Client Survey Interview
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Purpose of Project
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
Launch a Business Presence
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Selling Goods or Services
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Increase Brand Recognition
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Product Information
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Provide Operational Instructions
Employment
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Planning — Project Definition

Conduct Client Survey Interview
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Target Audience
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Demographics
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Age
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Gender
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Education
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Financial
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Geographic
Measurable Goals
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Planning — Project Definition

Conduct Client Survey Interview
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Branding/Perception Goals
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Signifies Goods/Services
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Name
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Slogan
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Logo
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Color Scheme
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Planning — Project Definition

Conduct Client Survey Interview
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Content Source
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Initial Technical Specs
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Web Benchmarking
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Competition
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Other Sites that Your Users Frequent
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Paradigm Shifts
Offer Comparable Features / Capabilities
Communication Strategy
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Planning — Project Definition

Write Project Brief
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Derived from Client Survey
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Your Understanding of:
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Project Goals
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Audience Profile
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Audience Perception
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Primary Message
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Competitive Advantage
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Planning — Project Definition

Develop Persona(s)
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Derived from Client Survey
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Fictional, Yet Realistic, Description of Typical or Target User
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Photo, Name, Quote, & Description
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Demographics
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Technical Profile
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Top Three User Goals
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Top Three Business Objectives
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Planning — Project Definition

Persona Benefits
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Provide an Easy Way to Describe Target Audience
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Used as a Guide for Expert Reviews
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
How Each Persona Would Deal with Process
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Determine Potential Issues within Interface
Consider as Template for Prospective UX Study Recruits
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Planning — Project Definition

Write Technical Specifications
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Establish Requirements
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Screen Resolution
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Browser Compatibility
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Download Time
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Web Standards
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Accessibility
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Planning — Project Definition

Develop Project Plan/Timeline
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For Each Phase of Project
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Establish Timeline for Deliverables
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Establish Timeline for Tasks
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Assign Due Dates
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Assign Resources
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Planning — Project Definition

Document Maintenance Considerations
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Develop Web Site Maintenance Plan
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Document How Site Will Be Regularly
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Reviewed

Updated
Set Clear Expectations Regarding Support & Maintenance
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Analysis — Site Structure
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Content Outline
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Create List of Existing Content
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Brainstorm Content that Needs to be Added
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Trim Anything that Does Not Match Goals
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Group Content Into Categories
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Card Sort
Create Outline of Content
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Review with Clients for Accuracy
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Analysis — Site Structure
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Site Diagram
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AKA Sitemap, Flowchart
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Visual Representation of Content Outline & Site Structure
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Analysis — Site Structure
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Page Description Diagram (PDD)
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Display Content that Belongs on Page
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Display Priority of Each Piece of Content
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Use Horizontal Axis for Priority
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First Column Lists High Priority Content
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Second Column Lists Medium Priority Content
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Third Column Lists Low Priority Content
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Analysis — Site Structure
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Wireframe
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Layout of Web Page
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Depict Containers for All Major Page Elements & Functionality
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Navigation
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Images
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Content
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Functional Elements (e.g., Search)
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Footer
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Created for Home Page
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Each Unique Second Level Page
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Any Other Significantly Different Page On Site
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Design — Visual Design
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Review

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Project Brief
Sitemap
Wireframes
Brainstorm Design Solutions
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Branding Guidelines
Technical Requirements for Screen Resolution
Browser Compatibility
Download Time
Web Standards
Accessibility
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Design — Visual Design
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Implement Design Principles
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Balance
Rhythm
Proportion
Dominance
Use Design Elements
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Point / Line
Shape
Color
Typography
Usability
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Design — Visual Design

Most Frequently Produced Deliverables
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Design — Visual Design

Most Effective Deliverable For Each Audience Type
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Implementation — Site Development
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Technical Plan
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Targets Designed For or Supported
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Browsers
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Operating Systems
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Display Resolution
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Connection Speed
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Page Download Size
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30K and Under
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30-80K (Typical)
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80-100K (Heavy)
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100K+ (Requires Broadband)
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Implementation — Site Development

Functional Plan
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HTML
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DHTML (Dynamic HTML)
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Interactivity
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JavaScript, CSS
XHTML (Extensible HTML)
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Includes Features of HTML & XML
XML (Extensible Markup Language)
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Elements Describe Data Passed to Client
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Ties Database Data to Web Pages
Client, Rather Than Server, Processes Data
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Implementation — Site Development
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Functional Plan
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WML (Wireless Markup Language)
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Design Pages Specifically for Wireless Devices
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Uses WAP (Wireless Application Protocol)
AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML)
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Create Interactive Web Applications
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Designed To Provide Immediate Response
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Google Maps
PHP (PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor)
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Server-side Database Access
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Implementation — Site Development

Functional Plan
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Java
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Create Web Applications
CGI (Common Gateway Interface)
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Defines how Server Communicates with Clients
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CGI Script
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Perl (Practical Extraction and Report Language)
Web Design Software
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Create Web Pages Without Programming
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Generates HTML / Some JavaScript
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Dreamweaver, Expression Web
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Implementation — Site Development
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Functional Plan
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Rich Media
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Audio / Video
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Search
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Secure Credit Card Transactions
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Backend Technologies
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Database, CMS, Personalization, Login
Web Analytics
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Implementation — Site Development
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Project Plan
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Timeline
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Tasks
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
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Dependencies
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Responsibilities
Target Dates with Deliverables
Build Site
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Implementation — Testing
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Quality Assurance Lead
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Create Realistic QA Plan
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Manage Testing Process
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Prioritize Issues
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Ensure High Priority Issues are Solved
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Conduct Final Review
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Release Site
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Implementation — Testing

QA Testing
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
Content
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Accurate, Understandable, Spelling, Grammar
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Conducted by Content Contributors / Content Editors
Links
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Review Site For Linkrot
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Broken Links
Functionality
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Does Site Perform Functions Defined in Project Definition
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Implementation — Testing

QA Testing
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Validity
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Accessibility
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Section 508 Tests
Browser / OS / Resolution
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Validate HTML / XHTML / CSS
Test Site on Target Browsers
Connection Speed
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Get Analysis & Recommendations on Page Speed/Size
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Implementation — Testing

QA Testing

Usability

Informal or Formal Testing with Target Audience
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Search Engine Optimization
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Load Testing


Contact Server Administrator to Discuss Techniques
Security
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Review File Authorizations
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Review Authentication Method

Conduct Authentication Test
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Implementation — Testing

Prioritize Issues


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Priority 1
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Critical
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Must be Fixed Before Launch
Priority 2

Would Enhance The Site, Can Go Live Without It
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Address as Soon as Time Permits
Priority 3

Nice Idea / Feature, Future Enhancement
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Will Consider For Future Release
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Implementation — Launch

Style Guide
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Visual Design Standards
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Naming Conventions
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
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Logos, Colors, Typography (Keep Site on Brand)
Files, Directories, CSS, Images, Titles
Site Structure

Document Site Diagram
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Indicate How Structure is Built to Handle Growth
Templates
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Provide (X)HTML Templates and CSS
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Indicate Layout, Typography, Size, Color, Navigation, Menus
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Implementation — Launch

Minimize Downtime
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
Deploy


Consider Current Web Site Traffic Patterns
FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
Everyone on Team is on Call
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Support — Maintenance

Decide What Content Needs Updating

Determine Frequency

Day, Week, Month, Quarter, Annual

Who Maintains Site Content

Who are Content Contributors

How Will Site be Updated
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Support — Maintenance

Analytics (Collect Statistics)
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Number of Visitors
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Pages Viewed
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Views Per Visit
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Duration

Popularity
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Support — Maintenance

Analytics Uses
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Issue Indication
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Diagnose Specific Issues
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Clues to Guide Further Investigations

Measurement Plan
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Support — Maintenance

Analytics Uses

Investigations
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Prove/Disprove Theories
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Traffic – Increase/Decrease Due to Referrer
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Technical – Page Not Loading Properly
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Content – Does Not Effectively Communicate

Visual Design – Distract from Calls To Action (CTA)
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Navigation – Specific Links/Buttons Not Being Clicked
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Domain Names

Company Name or Business Description

Be Brief

Avoid Hyphens

Choose Appropriate TLD
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.com, .net, .biz, .us, .mobi, etc.

.org for Non-profits
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Domain Names

Brainstorm Potential Keywords

Avoid Trademarked Words or Phrases

Know the Industry / Competition

Use Searches

Verify Availability
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Register Domain
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Private Registration
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Additional Fee

Personal Info is Kept Private & Out of WHOIS Database
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Web Hosting

Allows Website to be Accessible Via the Web

Space Allocated on an Owned or Leased Web Server

Considerations

Future Growth & Scalability of Web Host

Operating System

Types of Server-side Processing Supported
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Bandwidth of Internet Connection

Guaranteed Uptime

Technical Support
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Web Hosting Types


Virtual Hosting

Server is Divided into a Number of Virtual Domains

Multiple Websites are Set up on the Same Computer
Dedicated Web Server

Exclusive Use of a Rented Computer & Internet Connection

Housed in the Web Hosting Company's Premises

Can be Configured & Operated Remotely

Can Pay the Web Host Provider to Administer Site for You
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Web Hosting Types

Co-Located Web Server

Computer Your Organization has Purchased & Configured
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Rent Space at Web Host Provider's Location

Server is Located & Internet-connected at Provider Location

Your Organization Administers the Computer
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS