DNA Extraction
http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/genetics/biotech/manip/conc.html
Definition
 DNA Extraction is
the isolation and
purification of DNA
(deoxyribonucleic
acid)
http://academy.d20.co.edu/kadets/
lundberg/images/dna.gif
Examples
 DNA extraction is used
to isolate…
 Mitochondrial DNA
 Genomic DNA
http://www.davidkfaux.org/shetlandislandsmtDNA.html
 DNA can be extracted
from…
 Cells or tissues
 Environmental samples
http://faculty.uca.edu/~benw/biol1400/pictures/
Non-examples
 DNA Extraction is
not used to…
 Isolate proteins or
RNA
 Give information
about gene
expression
http://iwrwww1.fzk.de/biostruct/
Downstream Applications
 After DNA is extracted, it is used as a
template in further molecular techniques such
as…
 PCR (polymerase chain reaction)
 RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism)
 Southern Blotting
DNA Analysis
 Downstream techniques
can:
 Reveal how organisms are
related
http://www.biocompare.com/itemdetails.asp?itemid=687320
 Identify cryptic species
 Locate mutations in DNA
http://www.cdc.gov/hemochromatosis/training/images/dna.jpg
Quick Quiz
What is the purpose of DNA extraction?
a. To learn how to safely work with chemicals
b. To quantify the amount of DNA per cell
c. To determine how organisms are related
d. To purify DNA from cells
Qiagen DNA Extraction
Tissue Lysis. Detergents lyse membranes.
Proteinase K breaks down proteins.
Sample loading onto column. Nucleic acids bind
to membrane and other components flow through.
Column washing. Removes any contaminants.
Elution of DNA. DNA is released from column
and ready for use in downstream applications.
Quick Quiz
The purpose of the column is to:
a. Separate DNA from RNA
b. Separate DNA molecules from cellular debris
c. Remove bacterial contaminants
d. Help suspend DNA in elution buffer
END
Resources
 DNA Extraction Handout
 DNEasy Tissue Kit Handbook
 http://www1.qiagen.com/literature/protocols/
DNeasyTissue.aspx
California State Chemistry Standards
Grade 8
6c. Living organisms have many different kinds of molecules…
Grades 9-12
6. Solutions are homogenous mixtures of two or more
substances
7. Energy is exchanged or transformed in all chemical
reactions and physical changes of matter
8. Chemical reaction rates depend on factors that influence the
frequency of collision of reactant molecules
California State Biology Standards
Grade 7
2e. DNA is the genetic material of living organisms and is
located in the chromosomes of each cell
3a. Genetic variation and environmental factors are causes of
evolution and diversity of organisms
Grades 9-12
2. Mutation and sexual reproduction lead to genetic variation in
a population
7. The frequency of an allele in a gene pool of a population
depends on many factors and may be stable or unstable over
time
California State
Investigation and Experimentation
Standards
Grades 7, 9-12
a/b. Select and use appropriate tools and technology to perform
tests, collect data, analyze relationships, and display data
Grade 8
a. Plan and conduct a scientific investigation to test a hypothesis
National Standards
Grades 6-12
Content Standard A: Science as Inquiry
Content Standard C: Life Science
Content Standard E: Science and Technology