Grade 9 Detailed Study Guide
If you can answer these questions, you will be in great shape for the exam!
Note: You should be able to label diagrams, like the human heart, male
reproductive system, etc. I will note what you should be able to label for each
subject in the study guide.
Chapter 5
Cells, tissues, organs and systems
Label: a cell (3 main parts)
9. What are the processes used
by cells to divide? Specify
which method is used for what
purpose, along with the stages
of each division.
1. What is a cell?
10.What are gametes?
2. What are the three parts of the
cell that you can see using a
conventional microscope? List
the functions/characteristics of
each part.
11.What is tissue? List the 4
different types.
3. What is DNA? What is its
shape? Where is it located in
the cell?
4. What is a gene?
12.What is the difference between
an organ and a system?
The Reproductive System
Label: Male and female reproductive
systems
5. What is a chromosome?
1. What is fertilization?
6. What is the difference between
haploid and diploid cells?
2. What are the stages of human
development?
7. What is a genome?
3. What is puberty and what age
does it occur in humans?
8. What is genetic diversity?
4. What is a hormone? Which
hormones are responsible for
puberty?
13.What is semen made of?
14.What is ejaculation?
5. Which gland secretes the
hormones that are responsible
for puberty? Where is it
located?
15.What are menopause and
andropause?
Chapter 6
6. What are the primary and
secondary sexual
characteristics of males and
females?
7. Which hormones are
responsible for the
development of secondary
sexual characteristics in
females? In males?
8. What is oogenesis? Where
does it occur?
9. What are the different stages
of the ovarian cycle?
10.What are the different stages
of the menstrual cycle? Be
sure to note the changes in
hormone levels and
endometrium thickness during
each stage.
11.What is spermatogenesis?
Where does it occur?
12.What is an erection?
Nutrition
Label: Nutrition label (be able to
understand one)
1. Define nutrients, list the six
types of nutrients and their
uses.
2. Which nutrients provide
energy to the body?
3. List different foods that are rich
in each of the six nutrients.
4. Which units do we use to
measure energy from food?
5. For each nutrient, list how
much energy is given per gram,
in each of the different units of
measure.
6. What are the four food
groups? What are the
recommended servings for
each group for people your
age?
8. How is fecal matter expelled
from the body?
7. What types of foods are best
for peak athletic performance?
Respiratory system
Digestive system
Label: The digestive system
(complete), digestive tract
1. What is digestion?
2. How is food moved along the
digestive tract?
3. What is mechanical
transformation of food?
Where and how does this
occur?
4. What is chemical
transformation of food?
Where and how does this
occur?
5. Name the organs and
secretions that play a part in
chemical transformation.
6. What is absorption? Where
does this happen in the body?
7. What happens in the large
intestine?
Label: Respiratory system, respiratory
tract, inside of the lung (bronchi,
bronchioles, alveoli)
1. What is respiration?
2. What is the chemical equation
of respiration?
3. What is the difference between
external and cellular
respiration?
4. Through what process does gas
exchange happen in the blood?
5. Explain the process of
inhalation and exhalation using
terms such as diaphragm,
intercostal muscles, volume,
pressure and diffusion.
6. Where does gas exchange
occur in the lungs? Explain the
process
Blood
Label: Blood (formed elements and
plasma)
1. What are the different parts of
the blood? List percentages of
blood volume as well as
functions for each.
2. What determines your blood
type? Be as specific as
possible.
3. What are the rules of blood
transfusions in terms of donors
and recipients?
4. In relation to blood
transfusions, what is a
universal donor? What is a
universal recipient?
4. Describe the path of the blood
as well as what happens to it as
it moves from the right side of
the heart.
5. What are pulmonary
circulation and systemic
circulation? Which side of the
heart is responsible for each?
6. What are the diastole and
systole phases of the heart?
Lymphatic System
Label: Lymphatic vessels and lymph
nodes
Cardiovascular System
Label: cardiovascular system, heart
(especially circulation route through
the heart), pulmonary circulation,
systemic circulation.
1. What is the function of the
cardiovascular system?
2. What are the three categories
of blood vessels? Note
important characteristics or
each, as well as whether each
type of blood vessel moves
blood to or from the heart.
3. What are the four cavities of
the heart?
1. What is
extracellular/interstitial fluid?
2. How do water and other
substances get into
extracellular fluid from the
capillaries?
3. What is lymph?
4. What type of vessels transport
lymph around the body?
5. Where do these vessels take
the lymph to be cleansed?
6. What role do the lymph nodes
play in defending our bodies
from infection?
7. What two ways do white blood
cells fight invaders?
8. What are antigens?
9. What is an antibody? Give two
important features of
antibodies.
Elimination of waste
Label: the urinary system
1. What role does sweat play in
our bodies?
2. What are the parts of the
urinary system? What is the
function of each?
3. How does the kidney regulate
the levels of certain substances
in our bodies?
4. What is urine made of? Be
sure to mention the amount of
each component.