Logic Models
Ron Hale
Office of Health Promotion & Community Health Improvement
April 7, 2008
Las Vegas, NM
A logic model is:
• A picture of how a program is expected to
work.
• A systematic and visual way to present
relationships among resources, activities,
outputs or products, and intended
outcomes or changes.
• A theory of change, of expected causal
relationships
Logic Models:
• Provide a common framework for
understanding a program or set of
activities
• Show what goes into a program, what the
program does, and what the results are
• Are at the core of both planning and
evaluation
• Are often required by funders
PLANNING
LOGIC MODEL
DEVELOPMENT
EVALUATION
Components of a Logic Model:
• Inputs/Resources
–
–
–
–
Money
People
Facilities
Knowledge/research
• Activities
• Outputs
–
–
–
Products
Services provided
Numbers of people served
• Outcomes
– Short-term
– Intermediate
– Long-term
• Indicators/Measures
Types of outcomes or changes
that can be tracked:
1.
Process outcomes: Organizational or coalition
functioning
2.
Service or program outcomes: Changes in
knowledge, behavior, or condition of program
participants
3.
System outcomes: Community-level changes in
organizational relationships, policies, funding patterns,
networks, neighborhoods, etc.
4.
Health status outcomes: Changes in population
health measures
Linked Logic Model Components:
Inputs
Activities
Outputs
Outcomes
Indicators
United Way/Urban Institute Logic Model
Inputs/
Resources
Activities
Outputs
Short-term
Outcomes
Intermediate
Outcomes
Long-Term
Outcomes
Indicators/
Measures
Example: Every day logic model –
Family Vacation
Family Members
Drive to state park
Budget
Set up camp
Car
Camping
Equipment
Cook, play, talk,
laugh, hike
Family members
learn about each
other; family
bonds; family has
a good time
Example: Parenting Education & Support Program
Situation:
INPUTS
Staff
Money
Partners
Research
During a county needs assessment, majority of parents reported that they were
having difficulty parenting and felt stressed as a result
OUTPUTS
Develop
parent ed
curriculum
Deliver
series of
interactive
sessions
Facilitate
support
groups
Targeted
parents
attend
OUTCOMES
Parents
increase
knowledge of
child dev
Parents better
understanding
their own
parenting style
Parents gain
skills in
effective
parenting
practices
Parents
identify
appropriate
actions to
take
Parents use
effective
parenting
practices
Improved
childparent
relations
Strong
families
Los Mocosos Community Services, Inc.Child/Parent Mental Health Program
Program Logic Model
GOAL 1 - Direct Services: Provide mental health interventions and family support services to families with infants
and small children who are at risk of social or emotional problems.
Long-term aim: To reduce the likelihood of child abuse and neglect and of future behavioral health problems as
children grow into adolescence and adulthood.
Strategies
1.
2.
3.
4.
Provide one-on-one
counseling and case
management services
to high- risk families of
infants from birth to
age five.
Provide parent
education and support
groups for high-risk
families with infants.
Provide consultation
and clinical
supervision to
program staff working
with high-risk families.
Provide psychiatric
consultation as
needed.
Activities/Outputs
1.
2.
3.
4.
Family counseling &
case management
provided to 50 families
at three program sites,
with approximately 6
sessions per family.
Parent/child support &
education groups
provided to 30 families
at three program sites,
with minimum of 5
sessions per group.
Reflective supervision
provided to program
staff by appropriately
licensed clinical
supervisors.
65 hours of psychiatric
consultation provided.
Outcomes
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Reduced levels of
parental stress.
Improved infant social
and emotional
development.
Enhanced parental
awareness of infant
cues and needs.
Improved family
functioning.
Parental satisfaction
with services.
Indicators/Measures
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
Parental Stress Index
(PSI) administered at
intake, at 6-month
intervals, and at exit.
Ages & Stages
Questionnaire/SocialEmotional (ASQ/SE)
administered at intake,
at 6-month intervals,
and at exit.
Clinician progress
notes; parent selfassessment survey
administered at intake
and at exit.
NCFAS administered at
intake, at 6-month
intervals, & at exit.
Parent satisfaction
survey administered at
exit.
Treatment plan review
(all outcomes)
HEALTH COUNCILS AND THE COMMUNITY HEALTH
IMPROVEMENT PROCESS
C
o
u
n
t
y
Resources
DEVELOPMENT
ACTION
Community
Building/Council
Development
Council
Functions
H
e
a
l
t
h
C
o
u
n
c
i
l
s
SYSTEMS
Organizational
Capacity
Council
/community
Actions
Community
Assessment
CAPACITY
Targets
of
Change
Prioritizing and
Planning Actions
Community and
Systems Changes
External
Capacity
Community
Health Status
Changes
Align with
DOH plan
CONTEXT: Council/DOH relationship; Community history; Political will;
Political changes; Resources ($) =; Barriers/Facilitators (interpersonal and structural)
27
Health Promotion Contributions
to Reducing DWI Statewide, 1987- 2007
Systems Outcomes (policies) + Population Based Outcomes (behaviors) = Health Status Outcomes
HP Strategies (ES #3- 5)
3. Inform/educate/empower
about DWI /Alcohol
Problems
4. Mobilize for action to
solve problems
Health Promotion Activities
Coordinate 6 key state agencies to support
Gallup “March for Jovita” to Santa Fe,
1988
Co-founded Alcohol Issues Consortium
(AIC) to provide statewide advocacy/policy
strategies in 1998. Met 150 times since.
Provide TA, coordinate media advocacy &
testify 6 times at Leg. hearings to closedrive-ups
Systems
Outcomes
•Legislation passed for
McKinley Co. for Local
Liquor Excise Tax Ref., .08
BAC, nuisance bars closed
bars, 1989
•DOH/PHD Districts hire
DWI Health Educators, late
1980s.
•Liquor Excise Tax doubled
to 37 million; 33 County
DWI Planning Councils
formed, 1993
•Drive-ups closed, 1998.
5. Develop State/Local
Policies & Plans
Coordinate12 key stakeholders in/out of
government to undertake legislative
action double State’s Liquor Excise Tax,
1992.
Health Educators provide 50 hours of
technical assistance/training to BHSD/SPFSIG, 2002 for Environmental Strategy
Development.
TA and policy coordination to toughen
Liquor Control Act (LCA) Rules/Regs.,
effecting 2300 licensees, 2007
8/20/07, Glenn Wieringa
•NM First Lady joins
national Leadership to
Keep Children Alcohol
Free, 1999
•DWI Strategic Plan
Developed, 2003; DWI
Czar hired, 2004
•NM receives 5-year, multimillion dollar federal CSAP
grant, 2005
•NM increases penalties
for providing alcohol to
underage youth, toughest
law in USA, 2005
•Tougher LCA Rules/Regs.
Enacted, 2007.
Health Status
Outcomes
•Reduced alcoholrelated stats: DWI
fatalities, homicides,
etc. decrease in
McKinley County
during the 1990s.
•One year after driveup closings,
statewide DWI
fatalities down 22%.
•NM DWI Fatality
Rank falls from 1st
(worst) to 6th, 19902004. Approx. 2,100
lives saved.
•DWI numbers
continue to improve.
Alcohol -related
fatalities at all time
low (43%).
Systems Thinking Tree Diagram (after K. Kinney)
Aim
Outcome
Measure:
Strategies
Indicators
Major Activities
Con Alma Health Foundation Evaluation Logic Model
Process
Benchmarks
Systems Change
Outcomes
Longer-term
Outcomes
(Things the program will do
or provide)
(Outcomes you expect by the
end of the grant period.)
(Changes for the target
population beyond the term
of the grant)
WHAT IS THE BEST WAY TO
CHANGE THE SYSTEM FOR
BETTER OUTCOMES?
IF WE ARE SUCCESSFUL,
WHAT SYSTEMS CHANGE(S)
WILL WE SEE OVER THE
COURSE OF THE PROJECT?
WHAT IS THE ULTIMATE
GOAL OF OUR WORK?
1.
1.
1.
2.
2.
2.
3.
3.
3.