Inside Earth Chapter 1 Plate Tectonics Review and Reinforce Worksheet Answer Keys Section 1-1 Review and Reinforce (p. 17) 1. Crust 2. Mantle 3. Outer core 4. Inner core 5. A geologist studies the processes that create Earth’s features and searches for clues about Earth’s history. 6. The asthenosphere is a part of the upper mantle whose material can bend like plastic. The lithosphere is a rigid layer that includes the crust and the top of the mantle. 7. i 8. h 9. f 10. c 11. d 12. e 13. b 14. a 15. g Section 1-2 Review and Reinforce (p. 21) 1. convection 2. radiation 3. conduction 4. The flow that transfers heat within a fluid is called a convection current. The heating and cooling of the fluid, changes in the fluid’s density, and the force of gravity combine to cause convection currents. 5. Heat from Earth’s core and mantle causes convection currents in Earth’s mantle. 6. radiation 7. true 8. true 9. convection 10. mass Section 1-3 Review and Reinforce (p. 25) 1. Landforms 2. Africa 3. Glossopteris 4. Climate 5. glaciers 6. Continental drift is the hypothesis that all the continents had once been joined together in a single landmass and have since drifted apart. 7. Wegener could not provide a satisfactory explanation for the force that pushes or pulls the continents. 8. Pangaea 9. fossil 10. continental drift Section 1-4 Review and Reinforce (p. 29) 1. That is the mid-ocean ridge, which extends along the sea floor into all of Earth’s oceans. 2. The process is sea-floor spreading. It continually adds new material to the ocean floor. 3. The new material splits apart the old material and pushes it aside. 4. Evidence from molten material, evidence from magnetic stripes, and evidence from drilling samples 5. Subduction at a deep-ocean trench is occurring at C. It occurs because oceanic crust becomes denser the farther it moves away from the midocean ridge. Gravity eventually pulls this dense oceanic crust down beneath the trench. 6. sonar 7. deep-ocean trench 8. sea-floor spreading 9. subduction 10. mid-ocean ridge Section 1-5 Review and Reinforce (p. 33) 1. divergent boundary 2. convergent boundary 3. transform boundary 4. a. The denser plate subducts below the other at a deepocean trench. b. The collision squeezes the crust into mountain ranges. c. The denser oceanic plate subducts below the continental plate. 5. The force of convection currents in the mantle caused the movements of the plates that carry the continents. 6. theory 7. faults 8. plates 9. rift valley 10. plate tectonics