UNIT 2
LOCATION
Section 1.
Position on Two Dimensions
At
the
top
In the
middle
On
thr
rig
ht
On
the
left
The words give the position of the shapes in
relation to the rectangle(‫)فيما يتعلق بالمستطيل‬
Section 1.
Position on Two Dimensions
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




What is there at the top of the rectangle?
A circle.
……………………in the middle of…….......…...
A ___________
……………………at the bottom of………..….
Two _________
……………………on the left of ………….…....
A ___________
……………………on the right of ……..............
An __________ inverted triangle
…………………….outside………………..……
A ___________
Table of Elements
Position of elements in relation to
the whole table.
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

La is at the bottom, on the left.
V is in the 3rd column from the left, at the top.
Co is in the top row, near the middle.
W (tungsten) is in the bottom row, near the
middle.
Cd is in the middle of 1st column from the right.
Zn is at the top, on the right.
Au(gold) is at the bottom, near right.
Sc is at the top, on the left.
Fe(iron) is in the top row, near the middle.
Position of elements in relation to
others.(.‫)موقع العناصر فيما يتعلق باآلخرين‬
e.g. Osmium is beside and to the right of rhenium.
 Cobalt is between nickel and iron.

Niobium is beside and to the right of molybdenum.

Platinum and mercury are on either side of gold
Gold is below silver.
Iron is above rhodium.
Silver is diagonally below zinc.
Silver is above gold.
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
Whether these statements are true or false.
Correct the false statements.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
k)
Silver(Ag) is diagonally above nickel. (F) (below)
Zinc is in line with scandium. (T)
Molybdenum and ruthenium are on either side of
technetium.(Tc) (T)
Gold(Au) is adjacent to mercury.(Hg) (T)
Iron(Fe) is and to the right of cobalt. (F) (to the left)
Gold is vertically below silver. (T)
Vanadium is near cadmium(Cd). (F) (far)
Mercury is at the bottom of the table, on the right. (T)
Copper(Cu) is between nickel and zinc. (T)
Manganese(Mn) is in the middle row. (F) (top row)
Silver is in the third column from the right. (F) ( 9th
column)
Section.2 Position on three dimensions
The sphere is above all the other solids, but it is only over the cone and the middle of the cylinder.
at the end of
over
beyond
inverted
under
on
behind
in front of
upright
Make questions and answers:
sphere…..................... upright cone
 Where is sphere in relation to upright cone?
 The sphere is over the upright cone.
2. upright cone ……….cylinder
3. upright cone ……….. Sphere
4.cylinder …………… upright cone
5. rectangular solid …….cylinder
6. inverted cone ………..cube
7.cylinder …………. .... rectangular solid
8. cube ……………….... inverted cone
9.cube …………………rectangular solid
10.sphere ……………......line
Complete the description:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
k)
l)
m)
n)
o)
p)
q)
r)
There is a gas-jar on the left of the apparatus.
The gas-jar is standing on a trough.
There is some oxygen at the top of the gas-jar.
On the right of the gas-jar there is stand.
At the end of the stand there are two clamps which hold a test-tube.
In between the test tube and the gas-jar there is a tube.
At the bottom of the stand there is a base.
The base is under the test-tube.
There is a tripod and a Bunsen burner on the right of the stand.
The burner is on the tripod.
The gas comes from a tap which is at the top of the tripod.
At the end of the burner there is a flame.
Beyond / Behind the apparatus there is a conical flask
Beyond / Behind the conical flask there is a beaker.
There is a light above the stand.
The light is at the end of a wire.
The light is above the apparatus and the flasks.
The apparatus and the flasks are on the bench.
Section 3
Geographical positions.
Directions
North (in the north of)
 South (in the south of)
 East (to the east of)
 West(to the west of)
West
 North-East(to the north-east of)
 North-West(to the north-west of)
 South-East (to the south-east of)
 South-West (to the south-west of)

North
East
South
Situated , Located, Found
For big places (continents, countries, cities etc.)
 Mexico is situated in North America.
 Central America is situated between North America and
South America.
 Jazan is situated in the south of KSA.
 Europe is situated to the west of Asia.
 For small places (deserts, garden, buildings etc)
 The Sahara Desert is located in Africa.
 Himalayas are located to the north-west of China.
 Jazan University is located in Jazan.
 For things ( materials, minerals, animals etc.)
 Kangaroos are found in Australia.
 Gold is found in the south of Africa.
 Ajwa is found in Madina Munawwara.

Answer these questions.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
Where are whales found? In the south of Pacific Ocean.
Where is the river Amazon located? In Brazil, South
America.
Where is Lagos situated? In Nigeria, West Africa.
Where is the Atlantic Ocean in relation to Europe and
North America? In between Europe and North America.
Where are the Himalayas located in relation to China? To
the north-west of China.
Where is tea found? In China.
Where is Moscow situated in relation to Delhi? In the
north or to the north-west of Delhi.
Where is India situated in relation to Asia? In the south of
Asia.
Section 4
Some parts of objects and their properties
Describe the objects.
objects
interior
exterior
A glass tube
hollow
hard, smooth
An egg
soft
hard
A ping-pong ball
hollow
tough
A dish
concave
convex
A screw
edge / end
circular
flat and circular
tapering and pointed.
Example:
The interior of glass tube is hollow.
Ask and answer the questions.

A convex lens
Which part of convex lens is flat?
------------------------------------ convex?
------------------------------------ thick?
------------------------------------- thin?
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A concave lens
Which part of concave lens is concave?
------------------------------------- thick?
-------------------------------------- thin?
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(The middle……….)
( The ends……….)
( The middle ……)
A leaf
-------------------------of a leaf is curved?
----------------------------------- tapering?

(The back of the convex lens is flat.)
(The front of ……..
( The middle of the …..)
( The ends of………….)
(The top end …..)
( The bottom end ….)
A pencil
------of a pencil is filled with graphite?
------------------------------- --- smooth?
----------------------------------- tapering?
----------------------------------- pointed?
----------------------------------------- flat?
(The interior ……)
( The exterior……..)
(The sharpened part ….,)
( The sharpened end….)
(The back ……)
Complete the description.
 The
top and the bottom of this case are horizontal.
The front, the back and the sides are vertical.
There is a handle on the front.
The handle is curved.
The interior is hollow.
 The interior of cigarette is filled with tobacco.
The ends are circular.
The exterior is white.
 The front edge of the blade is thin.
The back edge is thick.
The blade is wedge shaped.
The end of the handle is tapering.
Latitude and Longitude
Latitude and Longitude
The position of places on the Earth’s surface are given
in latitude and longitude. These are imaginary circles
running round the Earth. Lines of latitude run
horizontally and are parallel to the Equator. Lines of
longitude run vertically. They converge at the North
and South poles.
What are given in latitude and longitude?
Are the latitudes and longitudes real circles on the
earth’s surface?
Which lines are parallel to equator?
Where do the lines of longitude converge(‫?)تالق‬
Horizontal lines are called…………..
Vertical lines are called………..
Position of Chicago
Latitude and Longitude
The position of Chicago is 42 C N and 88 W. This means that
it is situated at the point where latitude 42 crosses
longitude 88. ‘N’ means north of the Equator. ‘W’ means west
of the zero meridian. This is the line of the longitude which
passes through Greenwich.
To find Chicago we should know……..
The latitude is………
The longitude is…….
‘N’ means……..
‘W’ means……..
Primary line of longitudes is………
Primary line of latitudes is ……….
Which line passes through Greenwich?
Positions are given in degrees
Positions are given in degrees
Positions are given in degrees. Imagine a line
from centre of the Earth on the Equator and
another line from the centre of the Earth to
Chicago. The angle between these two lines
is 42. Similarly, the angular distance between
the zero meridian and Chicago is 88.
What is the angle between the line from the
centre to equator and the line to Chicago?
And what is the angular distance between the
zero meridian and Chicago?
The Earth is not at right angles..
The Earth is not at right angles..
The Earth is not at right angles to its path round
the Sun. Therefore, the position of the Sun in
relation to the Earth’s surface changes during the
year. Twice a year on March 21st and September
21st , the Sun is vertically over the Equator. At
other times it is vertically over other latitudes
between the tropical zones. These lie between the
Tropic of Cancer (23 27 N) and the Tropic of
Capricorn (23 27 S). the sun is vertically over
the Tropic of Cancer on June 21st and vertically
over the Tropic of Capricorn on December 21st.