Vocabulary and Word Parts
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Absorption:
Alimentary Canal:
Bile:
Bulimia:
Cardiac Sphincter:
Chyme:
Defecation:
Deglutition:
Digestion:
Enema:
Enzymes:
Epiglottis:
Fissure:
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Flatulence:
Intake:
Jaundice:
Mastication:
Peristalsis:
Rugae:
Sphincter:
Uvula:
Villi:
Alactasia:
Cholecystectomy:
Emesis:
Endoscopy:
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-ac:
-al:
-ary:
-an:
-ical:
-ial:
-ic:
Peri-:
Endo-:
-esis:
Dys-:
-itis:
-ologist:
-osis:
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-scopy:
Aliment/o:
Gastr/o:
Rect/o:
Chol/e:
-Cyst:
Enter/o
Gingiv/o:
-phagia:
Pyr/o:
-emesis:
Hepat/o:
Proct/o:
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Absorption – Begins in the small intestine, passage of material through
the walls of GI into the bloodstream.
Alimentary canal – Tube that extends from the mouth to the anus.
Bile – Yellow brown to green substance secreted by the liver.
Bulimia – A disorder involving binging on food and then puposely
purging or vomiting in a quest for weight loss.
Cardiac sphincter – Group of muscles that close the entrance to the
stomach when food is present to prevent backflow.
Chyme – Semifluid mass made of substances from stomach.
Defecation – Process of elimination of waste.
Deglutition – Process of swallowing.
Digestion – Process of breaking down foods into nutrients that can be
absorbed by cells.
Enemia - The injection of a fluid into the rectum to cause a bowel
movement.
Enzymes – Convert complex proteins, sugars, and fat molecules into
simple substances that can be used.
Epiglottis – Flap of tissue that covers the trachea when you swallow.
Fissure – Deep developmental grooves resulting from incomplete fusion
of the developmental lobes.
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Flatulence – Accumulation of gas in the stomach or intestines through the
anus.
Intake – constant supply of energy and building blocks provided by food.
Jaundice – Excessive bilirubin in the blood causing a yellow discoloration os
the skin.
Mastication – food chewed by teeth, process of chewing.
Peristalsis – Wavelike motions that move food along the canal.
Rugae – Fold that make up lining of stomach.
Sphincter - A circular band of voluntary or involuntary muscle that encircles
an orifice of the body or one of its hollow organs.
Uvula – cone shaped projection at the back of the soft palate.
Villi – Tiny, one-cell thick finger like projections with capillaries throug which
digested nutrients are absored into the bloodstream and hymphatic system
from the duodenum.
Alactasia – no milk, lacking the enzyme to digestion milk.
Cholecystectomy – Surgical removal, cutting out or excision of the
gallbladder.
Emesis – Vomiting.
Endoscopy - visual examination inside.
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-ac: pertaining to
-al: pertaining to
-ary: pertaining to
-an: pertaining to
-ical: pertaining to
-ial: pertaining to
-ic: pertaining to
Peri-: surrounding
Endo-: in, within
-esis: abnormal
condition
Dys-: bad, difficult,
painful
-itis: inflammation
-ologist: specialist
-osis: abnormal
condition
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-scopy: visual examination
Aliment/o: to nourish
Gastr/o: stomach
Rect/o: rectum
Chol/e: bile, gall
-Cyst: bladder, bag
Enter/o: small intestine
Gingiv/o: gingival tissue, gums
-phagia: eating, swallowing
Pyr/o: fever
-emesis: vomit
Hepat/o: liver
Proct/o: anus and rectum