Foundation year
Skin
After study this chapter you should be able to:
1.
Compare the epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous tissue.
2.
Describe the role of keratin and melanin in the skin.
3.
Name and describe the glands in the skin.
4.
Identify and use roots pertaining to the skin
5.
Describe the main disorders that affect the skin.
6.
Label a diagram of the skin.
7.
Analyze several case studies involving the skin.
•
1. Dermatology (n) study of skin and its disorders.
The combining form is dermat/o.
•
Dermatological – adj.
•
Dermatologist – noun.
•
2. Dermatitis (n) inflammation of the skin.
• 3. Dermatosis (n) means any disease of the
skin, particularly one without inflammation.
The suffix –osis means an abnormal condition.
• 4. Histology (n) means study of tissues. The
combining form hist/o means tissue.
• 5. Cytology (n) study of the structure and
functions of cells. The combining form cyt/o
means cell.
6. Epidermis (n) the outer layer of the skin.
The root word dermis means skin. The prefix
epi- means upon.
7. Cutaneous (n) referring to the skin. The
combining form cutane/o means skin.
8. Subcutaneous (n) under or below the skin.
9. Acne (n) inflammation of the sebaceous glands during
puberty, which makes blackheads appear on the skin, usually
on the face, neck and shoulders.
10. Alopecia (n) a partial or complete lack of hair, also
known as baldness.
11. Biopsy (n) the removal of small piece of living tissue
from an organ or part of the body for microscopic
examination. The combining form bio/o means life. And the
suffix – opsy means view of.
12. Contusion (n) injury that doesn’t break the skin .
13. to Cauterize (v) to use burning, radiation or laser beams
to remove tissues or to stop bleeding.
14. Debridement (n)[di-breed-ment] means the process of
cleaning an open wound by removal of foreign material and
dead tissues, so that healing may occur without hindrance.
15. gangrene (n) death and decay of part of the body
due to deficiency or cessation of blood supply. The
combining form gangren/o means gangrene or eating
sore.
16. Laceration (n) [las-er-ay-shon] a torn, ragged wound .
17. Lipocyte (n) fat cell. The combining form lip/o means
fat. The suffix – cyte means cell.
18. Melanocyte (n) any cell which carries pigment.
Melan/o means black or dark.
19. Melanoma (n) a tumor formed of dark pigmented cell.
The suffix –oma means tumour.
20. Psoriasis (n) a common inflammatory skin disease
where red patches of skin are covered with white scales.
21. Onycholysis (n) separation of the nail from its bed.
22.
Wart (n) firm skin-colored or darker growth on the skin
caused by viral infection.
23. Vitiligo (n) means condition where white patches
appear on the skin. Viti/o means defect or blemish.
24. Pruritis (n) an irritation of the skin which makes
the patient want to scratch, also known as itching.
25. Urticaria means skin condition characterized by
localized area of swelling accompanied by itching associated
with allergic reaction.