Bianca V. Garcia
9-Maaasahan
Take-home UT
Aerobic Cellular Respiration
1. Glycolysis:
2. The Kreb's Cycle:
3. The Electron-Transport System:
More at: http://highered.mheducation.com/sites/dl/free/0072986573/343029/Eng12e_ch06.pdf
2. Chemical Reactions:
A. Glycolysis - It is a process that takes place in the cytoplasm of cells and
because no oxygen is required, it is therefore an anaerobic process. As seen from the
chemcial reaction give above, the first reaction makes the glucose molecule unstable,
and later oxidation-reduction reaction occurs to synthesize ATP and capture Hydrogens.
B. The Kreb's Cycle - After Pryuvate enter the mitochrondion, it follows the Kreb's
Cycle. It results into three significant products, thus another three chemical reactions.
One, Hydrogen atoms are removed and NADH is formed. Two, a Carbon is removed
and Carbon Dioxide is formed. And lastly, a 2-carbon acetyl molecule is formed which
temporarily attaches to a coenzyme A to produce Acetyl coenzyme A, the oxidationreduction.
C. Electron-Transport System - The energy from the molecules created in
Glycolysis and The Kreb's Cycle are then used in Electron-Transport System to produce
ATP. The 'pumped' protons (H+), given by the energy of electrons, flow back through
the membrane, and the enzymes in the membrane cause the formation of ATP.
Hydrogen is also produced when the protons eventually combine with oxygen that has
gained electrons.
3. Research Question:
Are the any ways that people with oxygen deficiency disease (e.g Hypoxia,
Hypoxemia, Dyspnea, etc.) could use Anaerobic Cellular Respiration in order to meet
the normal needs of a person? I came up with this research question because Health is
a first priority.
4. Adaptation:
Any organism that uses Oxygen uses the Aerobic Cellular Respiration. A low
Oxygen environment could happen to any organism. An organism could change the
pumping stoichiometry of the oxygen reductase from 1.0 to 0.5 H+/e-would result in the
expected number of charges driven across the membrane to drop from 20 charges per
O2 to 18 charges per O2, a decrease of 10%, thus can adapt to low Oxygen
environment.
5. Product:
During the Glycolysis, Pyruvate is produced. And I recommend this product
because possible benefits of pyruvate may include: as an antioxidant to help slow
aging, to help lower blood pressure and cholesterol, increased glycogen storage,
retention of lean muscle mass, increased anabolism or body protein uptake, and
increased fat utilization and resting metabolic rate.
Sources:
Diet-And-Health, 2002-2014. Diet-And-Health: Pyruvate page. <http://www.diet-andhealth.net/Supplements/Pyruvate.html>. Accessed 2014 Nov 05.
From highered.mheducation: Biochemical Pathways-Cellular Respiration. 2006.
December. Cornerstones.
<http://highered.mheducation.com/sites/dl/free/0072986573/343029/Eng12e_ch06.pdf.>
Accessed 2014 Dec 05
NCBI. NCBI: PubMed Central (PMC) page.
<http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3161551/>. Accessed 2014 Dec 05
WebMD, 2005-2014. WebMD: Hypoxia-Hypoxemia page.
<http://www.webmd.com/asthma/guide/hypoxia-hypoxemia> Accsesed 2014 Dec 05.
MedicineNet, 1996-2014. MedicineNet: Symptoms page.
<http://www.medicinenet.com/shortness_of_breath/symptoms.htm> Accessed 2014
Dec 05