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Summer Assignment 2014-2015
United States History Honors
Markle and McCann
READ THE FOLOWWING CHAPTERS
AND SECTION AND COMPETE THE
TERMS AND FILL IN THE BLANKS
ASSIGNMENT. UPON COMPLETION
TAKE THE ASSESMENT
ALL WORK IS DUE no Later than September
8, 2014
If the assignment is turned in on
September 2nd there will be a 5point bonus
September 3rd there will be a 3 point bonus
September 4th there will be a 1 point bonus
If assignment and assessment is turned in after
September 8th there will be a 50% reduction in
the total points of the assignment.
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Chapter 7
Section 3 Politics in the Gilded Age pages 267-271
Define the following terms
Political machine
Grover Cleveland
Graft
Benjamin Harrison
Boss Tweed
Rutherford B. Hayes
James A. Garfield
Pendleton Civil Service Act
Chester A. Arthur
Patronage
Civil Service
2
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Mark Twain described the excess of the 19th Century in a _
the
novel called
Age. The glittering exterior of the age turns out to hide a
political core and a growing gap between the few
and the many
.
The political machine offered services to businesses and voters in exchange for
or
support. Bosses like
in New York used their power to build parks, sewer systems waterworks and gave
money to orphanages. The machine helped
with
and housing and jobs. The precinct captains could speak the
immigrants and
_ of
the challenges that
faced.
Once a political machine got its candidates into office it could take advantage of
numerous opportunities for
the illegal use of political
for
personal gain.
Boss
became head of
New York
City’s powerful Democratic political machine that defrauded the city of New York.
Thomas Nast a political cartoonist helped arouse _
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anger. Tweed’s ring was
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finally broken Boss Tweed was
on 120 counts of
and
.
Reformers began to press the elimination of
system of hiring. Jobs in Civil
and the adoption of merit
should go to the most qualified. President
tried to change the system but could not get
to
support reform. When Hayes decided not to run for President again,
was elected president. On July 2, 1881 the president was walking
through the Washington D.C. train station he was shot by
on September
1881.
and died
became president and proposed
reform, the result of the reform was the passage of the
. This act established a merit system
based on a candidate performance on a/an
rather than political
patronage.
Tariffs became an issue in the coming elections and Grover Cleveland was elected
president and
winning the
higher tariffs. He was defeated for re-election despite
_ vote. Benjamin Harrison was elected and signed a
tariff bill into law. The bill was the
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Chapter 8 Section 1
Science and Urban Life Pages 276-281
Terms and Names
Louis Sullivan Daniel
Burnham Frederick Law
Olmstead
Orville and Wilbur Wright
George Eastman
The
connecting to the island of Manhattan
to Brooklyn opened in 1883. Architects were able to design taller buildings because of
two factors the invention of
and the development of internal
to bear the weight of buildings. In
, Virginia was the first American city to have
to run its
transit system. This new form of transit replace horse
drawn carriages the new form of carrying people became known as
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cars. Landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted developed a plan for “Greensward”
which would be a park inside the city; this park is now known as
in New York City. In Chicago Daniel Burnham developed a plan to
transform the swampy area near
into a glistening
White City. In the early 20th century
and
experimented with new engines powerful enough to keep
-
crafts in the air. On December 17th 1903 at
North Carolina the first _
was successfully flown.
George Eastman developed new technology to allow everyday people to take
photographs and send them to the
have the pictures
lab in Rochester New York to
for the price of 10 dollars.
6
-
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Chapter 8 Section 4
The Dawn of Mass Culture pages 292-297
Terms and Names
Joseph Pulitzer
William Randolph Hearst
Ashcan school
Mark Twain
Rural free delivery (RFD)
To meet the recreational needs of city dwellers Chicago, New York city among others
began setting aside precious green spaces for
. Some
were built by outside the city; by the
companies who sought more
_.
and
were two sports that exploded in popularity at the turn of the century.
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Also these activities opened a new industry the “
those hungry and
”.
for
to quench their thirst. Spectator sports
also became popular, the two most popular were _
and
.
American newspapers used
to sell more papers the two
most influential individuals were
_
and
. In the early 20th century art and
libraries became even more popular. The
School of American art
led by Eakins student
painted
urban life
and working people.
As more people learn to read
was the preferred
reading. Mark Twain books inspired other young authors when he declared his
independence of “
and all that bosh”. Twains most popular novel was the
about life on the
.
Urban shopping started in the early 20th century with the new idea of shopping
called
one roof.
_
, where one could shop for many items under
opened the first department store in
and also introduced the concept of the
where goods were less expensive but
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.
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To sell more goods businesses turned to
. These ads could be
found in newspapers, magazines and travelers on public transportation could find ads on
,houses, and
.
and
bought retail merchants to small towns with
; which was enhanced by the post office introducing
or
.
Chapter 9 Section 1
The Origins of Progressivism pages 306-312
Terms and Names
Progressive Movement
Referendum
Florence Kelley
Recall
Prohibition
Seventeenth Amendment
Muckrakers
Robert M La Follette
Initiative
Scientific management
9
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The four goals of progressivisms were;
,
,
,
.
Many social welfare reformers worked to soften the harsh conditions of
. One organization opened libraries, sponsored classes, and built
swimming pools, this organization was the
or
not the workplace held the
banning of
. Other reformers felt morality
to improving the lives of poor people. Prohibition the
beverages was an important program of those who felt morality
was the key issue in improving lives.
Some reformers believed that
reform was the key to
prosperity. Some questioned
and turned to the
led by Eugene Debbs. Journalists also questioned the corrupt side of
business these authors became known as
.
Fostering efficiency was pioneered to increase productivity in industry and many
used “
” which became a management fad as industry reformers applied
the concept of
to increase productivity.
played an important role in reforming government
at the local level. In Galveston Texas a state commission was appointed to rebuild the
city after a hurricane which the local _
The commission was so successful that many cities
10
totally messed up.
this government to run
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their cities. Reform also took place in many cities two of the most prominent cities for
social reforms were
and
. In both cities the
mayors attempted to weed out
and instituted a more
tax structure.
Robert La Follette of
targeted the
industry. His goal was to insure businesses were treated just like other
were treated.
were hired by industry because they preformed unskilled labor
and would be paid
. To attempt to end child labor the
bill was passed but was ruled
-
by the Supreme Court.
Two major Supreme court cases were successful in limiting the number of hours
women and men could work. In
to 10 hours for
v
; in the case of _
limited the work day to 10 hours for
limited the work day
v
_.
Elections were reformed also during the progressive era. Three new ideas were
introduced to reform elections they were
and
for the
,
,
. A Constitutional Amendment was passed
_
, The
did just that.
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Chapter 9 Section 2
Women in Public Life
Terms and Names
NACW
Suffrage
Susan B. Anthony
NAWSA
Better pay in cities women had more opportunities to join the work force even though
they could not join male dominated
. The
trade employed half
of all the women in the workplace. However the women received only
pay of men. Almost 2 million
their families by doing _
the
female help support
work. In 1896, African American women
founded the
they
managed nurseries,
and kindergartens. After the
convention
led a crusade for
_
vote. Suffragists tried a three approaches to
they tried the
_
the right to
their objective. First
, second they used
to test the Fourteenth Amendment., and finally they pushed for a
to grant women the right to vote.
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Chapter 9 Section 3
Teddy Roosevelt Square Deal
Pages 317-325
Terms and Names
Upton Sinclair
Meat Inspection Act
The Jungle
Pure Food and Drug Act
Theodore Roosevelt
Conservation
Square Deal
Teddy Roosevelt was not supposed to be
. He was nominated for
the vice presidency to take him out of
office. However 6 months into
President McKinley’s second term Roosevelt became president due to the
of the president. In politics Roosevelt acted
using his personality to advance his
“
shape
_. Roosevelt saw thw presidency as a
” from where he could influence the news media and
. The
was his program to see
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that common people were taken care of. President Roosevelt was not against all trusts he
was only against those that
the
. In 1902 140,000 coal
miners went on strike President Roosevelt called both parties to the
and to talk. Roosevelt threatened to
over the mine which led the
two parties to arbitration. Again the major idea in the president to get involved in the
strike was it
the
.
Roosevelt also had the _
passed which outlawed rebates from
railroad officials to shippers. The Hepburn Act limited the use of
common form of bribery. Most importantly Roosevelt regulated the
_
a
_ and
in the country. He pushed for the passage of the
which mandated
requirements and created the program of federal meat
and
. The
called for the
in
.
Roosevelt believed in Conservationism but he did limit the amount of
to be set
aside for National Parks. He allowed land to be developed and explored for new
and water resources. He did set aside large tracts of land of federal land exempt
form
sale.
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Chapter 9 Section 4
Progressivism Under Taft
Pages 328-331
Terms and Names
Gifford Pinchot
Bull Moose Party
William Howard Taft
Woodrow Wilson
Payne-Aldridge Tariff
President
pursued a cautious progressive agenda. He busted more
trust than Roosevelt, the total trust he busted were
1910 the
. By the mid term elections in
was in shambles they lost control of the
House of Representatives for the
time in 18 years. In 1912 the
presidential election was dominated by the split in the Republican party. The
Progressive Party nominated Teddy Roosevelt as the
candidate and the Republican Party nominated
Democrats nominated
again to run for president. The
. The split in the Republican
vote allowed
to be elected President.
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Chapter 9 Section 5
Wilson’s New Freedom
Pages 332-337
Terms and Names
Carrie Chatman Catt
Federal Reserve System
Clayton Anti Trust Act
Nineteenth Amendment
Federal Trade Commission
Answer the following Questions in Complete sentences
1. Explain Wilson two anti trust measures
2. Explain Wilson’s approach to a new and fairer tax system
3. How was the Federal Income Tax implemented.
4. Explain the importance of the Federal Reserve System and why it was so important
to implement the system.
5. Explain in some detail how women received the right to vote, include at least two
prominent women involved and the final resolution to allowing women’s suffrage.
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Chapter 10 Section 1
Imperialism and America
Pages 342-345
Terms and Names
Queen Liliuokalani
William Seward
Imperialism
Pearl Harbor
Alfred T. Mahan
Sanford B. Dole
Answer the following Questions in Complete sentences
1. Explain the reason for the United States to look to expand into new territories.
2. Explain Alfred Mahan theory on military supremacy in the early 20th century.
3. Why were new markets important for the United States to complete in he new
economy.
4. Discuss briefly the idea that Anglo-Saxons were superior to culture of the world
“inferior cultures”.
5. Explain how the United States gained Alaska.
6. Why was Hawaii so important to the United States and why was the annexation of
Hawaii critical to the economics of the United States.
7. Explain the details that led to the end of the monarchy in Hawaii.
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Chapter 10 Section 3
Acquiring New lands
Pages 352-357
Terms and Names
Foraker Act
Platt Amendment
Emilio Aguinaldo
Open Door Notes
Boxer Rebellion
Answer the following Questions in Complete sentences
1. Explain the divided opinions of the people of Puerto Rico on becoming a state.
2. Explain the details of the military rule in Puerto Rico.
3. Explain the aspects of the Foraker Act and the constitutional ruling on new
territories.
4. What were the pros and cons of occupying military troops in Cuba?
5. Explain the Platt Amendment and explain the idea of a protectorate.
6. What was the real reason why the United States had a vested interest in Cuba?
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7. Discuss the Philippine-American War and its impact on the United States an the
Philippines.
8. Explain why John Hay pursued a policy of Open Door relations with China.
9. Explain the opposition to imperialism in China.
10. What was the impact of the territorial gains made by the United States during the
late 19th century and the early 20th century.
Chapter 10 Section 4
America as a World Power
Pages 359-365
Terms and Names
Panama Canal
Pancho villa
Roosevelt Corollary
Emilliano Zapata
Dollar diplomacy
John J Pershing
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Answer the following Questions in Complete sentences
1. Discuss the influence Roosevelt had in ending the Russo-Japanese War in 1904.
2. Discuss the reasons behind building the Panama Canal, the approach Roosevelt took
in obtaining the land for the canal and the obstacles that had to be overcome to build
the canal.
3. Explain the importance of the Roosevelt Corollary.
4. Explain the difference between military involvement in disputes and Taft’s policy of
Dollar Diplomacy.
5. Explain the importance of the Mexican revolution and the reasons Wilson felt it
necessary to intervene in Mexico.
6. What measures were taken to capture Pancho Villa? Were they successful? And
finally compare the chase for Villa with a search for one of the United States most
wanted fugitives.
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