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HortBotany
Review for Final Exam
Name: ____________________________________________________
The HortBotany final exam is comprehensive and will cover the entire course.
Approximately 20 % of the questions will come from lesson plans 1 – 5. The majority of
questions, about 80%, will come from lesson plans 6 – 9. The focus of this review sheet
is lesson plans 6 – 9.
Use this study guide to help you prepare for the exam. Also review your lesson plans,
notes, class assignments and quizzes.
1) Between what tissues is the vascular cambium located in woody stems:
a)______________________________________
b)______________________________________
2) What are the 3 primary plant organs:
a)_____________________________________
b)_____________________________________
c)_____________________________________
3) Soil water enters the root hair of a root because the water concentration of the water
inside the cytoplasm of the root hair is LOWER or HIGHER than the soil water
concentration (circle the correct answer).
4) Of the following 3 factors, which contributes the most to the movement of water
through the xylem of plants (which is the most important):
OSMOSIS
PROPERTIES OF WATER MOLECULES
TRANSPIRATION
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5) Identify 3 things that affect the rate of transpiration:
a) _____________________________________________
b) _____________________________________________
c) _____________________________________________
6) Define transpiration and identify the “engine” driving transpiration:
7) What are the 4 principal root functions we discussed in class:
a) ______________________________________________
b) ______________________________________________
c) ______________________________________________
d) ______________________________________________
8) Explain the role of root hairs in the absorption of water and dissolved minerals by
plants: ________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
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9) Stems can be modified in various ways to store food, water, and help the plant spread.
Match the following stem modifications to their proper definitions by placing the letters
of the correct responses in the spaces provided:
_____ An underground stem used for food storage; a potato is an example.
_____ An aboveground, horizontally growing stem capable of producing shoots and
roots; strawberry is an example.
_____ A below ground, horizontally growing stem capable of producing shoots and
roots; Iris is an example.
_____ A underground, compressed, swollen, vertical stem that has a papery covering but
no fleshy, leafy scales; Crocus and Gladiolus are examples.
_____ An underground structure consisting of a small piece of compressed stem called a
basal plate and fleshy scales made of leaf tissue; onion and Tulip are examples.
A-LENTICEL
B-BULB
C-RHIZOME
D-TENDRIL
E-CORM
F-STOLON
G-TUBER
H-NODE
10) Draw a diagram of a woody stem and label the following parts:
terminal bud
vascular bundle scars
lateral bud
terminal bud scale scars
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leaf scar
pith
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11) Describe the function of phloem and xylem rays:
12) Define the difference between springwood and summerwood:
13) Where is heartwood found in trees:
14) Draw a picture of a tunicate bulb in the space below and label the following parts;
basal plate, scales, apical bud, and tunic:
15) Compare tunicate bulbs to scaly bulbs; in what ways are they similar and in what
ways do they differ:
16) What 2 physical phenomena, discussed in class, allow root pressure to lift water
several feet up stem xylem:
a) ___________________________________________
b) ___________________________________________
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17) The diagram below shows a cross-sectional view of a woody dicot stem. The bark,
vascular cambium, and pith have been labeled. Fill in boxes a through d by selecting the
correct term from the list of terms in bold below:
Springwood Year 1
Summerwood Year 1
Springwood Year 2
Summerwood Year 2
Bark
Vascular Cambium
a)
b)
c)
d)
Pith
18) Explain why trees growing in tropical climates, where the temperature is constant and
rainfall is a daily occurrence, do not form annual growth rings:
19) Draw a simple leaf and label the petiole and leaf blade:
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20) Draw a pinnately compound leaf and label the petiole, rachis, and one leaflet:
21) Label the following leaf shapes by placing the letter of the correct response the space
provided:
A – LINEAR
B – DELTOID
C – OVATE
D – OBOVATE
E – CORDATE
F - LANCEOLATE
22) Identify 2 different leaf types that gymnosperms would have:
a) _______________________________________
b) _______________________________________
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23) Identify 3 reasons why the angiosperms have come to dominate plant life on earth:
a) _________________________________________
b) _________________________________________
c) _________________________________________
24) Complete the table below:
Floral Whorl:
Calyx
Consists of:
sepals
Function:
Corolla
Androecium
Gynoecium
stamens
Protects
developing
flower
25) Define the following terms:
a) perianth: ___________________________________________________________
b) tepals: _____________________________________________________________
c) receptacle: _________________________________________________________
d) pedicel: ____________________________________________________________
e) hypanthium: ________________________________________________________
26) Complete the following table:
“X” means the flower has that floral part
Sepals
Petals
X
X
X
X
X
Stamens
Pistil(s)
X
X
X
X
X
X
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Is the
flower
complete or
incomplete?
Is the
flower
perfect or
imperfect?
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27) Complete the sentences by filling in the blanks with the correct word or words:
The terms monoecious and dioecious refer to a ________________________ of
plant.
Dioecious means ______________________ houses. Species that are dioecious have
separate ___________________________ and ______________________ flowers on
___________________________ plants. _________________________ was used as
an example of a dioecious species in class.
Monoecious means _____________________ house. Species that are monoecious
have separate _________________________ and _____________________ flowers
on the ______________________________ plant. _____________________ and
__________________________ were used as examples of monoecious species in
class.
28) Indicate whether the following statements are true or false.
T
F
Monoecious and dioecious plant species will always have
imperfect flowers.
T
F
Monoecious and dioecious plant species will always have complete
flowers.
T
F
Both pollen and nectar insure pollinator fidelity.
T
F
An ovary is considered inferior when it’s position is below the
flower’s perianth.
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