Name: _________________________________
Period: ____
Matter and Change Review Worksheet
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What is the definition of matter? Give an example of something that is NOT matter.
What are the three states of matter? How do they differ with respect to shape and volume?
What is the difference between a chemical and a physical property? Give three examples of each.
What is an intensive physical property? What is an extensive physical property? Give three examples
of each.
5. What is the difference between a physical and a chemical change? Give three examples of each.
6. When a log is burning, is this a chemical or physical change? How is the law of conservation of mass
related to the log burning; in other words, explain why there appears to be a loss in mass after burning,
but there really isn’t.
7. When water boils, is this a chemical or physical change? Why?
8. List and define six different forms of energy.
9. Describe how energy is transferred in a system when:
a. a cow eats some grass
b. the sun heats the water in your pool
10. Define: convection, conduction, radiation.
11. List the five indicators of a chemical reaction. Try to think of an example when each can be observed.
12. What is the difference between an exothermic and an endothermic chemical reaction? What would
each one feel like if you were to touch the reaction container?
13. Give an example of: element, compound, homogeneous mixture, heterogeneous mixture. Know the
characteristics of each.
14. Classify the following pictures as: (A) element; (B) compound; (C) mixture of elements; (D) mixture
of compounds; or (E) mixture of elements and compounds.
15. What is the difference between a compound, such as sucrose, and a homogeneous mixture, such as
lotion?
16. If 32 g of sulfur combines with 32 g of oxygen to form sulfur dioxide, what is the mass of sulfur
dioxide produced? Identify reactants and product for this reaction.
17. Do an “atom inventory” (count the atoms) for each of the reactions below. Tell whether each reaction
obeys the law of conservation of mass.
a. 3 H2SO4 + NaOH → 2 H2O + Na2SO4
b. Ca3N2 + 6 LiCl → 3 CaCl2 + 2 Li3N
c. HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H2O
Answers to Matter and Change Review:
1. Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. Energy is not matter.
2. Solid – definite shape and volume; Liquid – definite volume but not shape; Gas – no definite
volume or shape
3. Chemical property is a characteristic that is observed when the substance undergoes a chemical
change (reaction); these properties show how a substance reacts with other substances.
Chemical properties include reactivity with water, flammability, and pH. Physical properties
are properties that are observed without changing the chemical make up of a substance.
Chemical properties include color, shape, size, etc.
4. Extensive physical property depends on amount (eg. volume, mass, length). Intensive physical
properties are independent of amount (eg. color, boiling point, density, etc.)
5. Physical change is a change that does not produce a new substance (there is no chemical
reaction) (eg. cutting a log, dissolving salt in water, boiling water). A chemical change is a
change that does produce a new substance (also called a chemical reaction) (eg. milk souring,
iron rusting, meat burning).
6. Chemical change; the log is changed to ashes, and gases are released also. The mass of the
ashes is much less than that of the original log, but mass was not “lost.” Instead, some of the
wood was converted to gases and released into the atmosphere.
7. Physical. Changes in the state of matter of a substance are always physical changes because no
new substance is produced.
8. Radiant: light energy, e.g. sunlight
Chemical: stored in bonds of molecules, e.g. fuels or foods
Nuclear: stored within the nucleus of atoms
Electrical: flowing electrons in a current
Mechanical: moving machine parts or body parts (you can think of the body as a machine too)
Thermal: heat, e.g. friction causes machine parts to heat up, light bulb gets hot
9. a. chemical energy in the grass is converted to mechanical energy (cow’s motion etc.) and
also changed to a different form of chemical energy when it is stored as fat/protein in the cow’s
body.
b. Radiant energy from the sun is converted to thermal energy when water is heated.
10. Convection: the transfer of heat energy in a gas or liquid (not in solids) by movement of
currents. The heat moves with the fluid. Conduction: the transfer of heat energy through
matter from particle to particle (the materials are actually touching during the transfer).
Conduction is most effective in solids, but it can happen in fluids. Radiation: the transfer of
heat energy by electromagnetic waves. Radiation is the only form of heat transfer that can
occur in empty space, without the aid of any solids, liquids or gases. Sunlight is a type of
electromagnetic wave. It travels through space via radiation.
11. (1) color change; example: leaves turning color in the fall
(2) temperature change; example: using a chemical cold pack for an injury
(3) precipitate formation; example: mixing 2 solutions together and forming a solid in lab
(4) light produced; example: burning magnesium
(5) gas produced; example: alka-seltzer in water or metal in acid
12. Exothermic reactions release heat, while endothermic reactions absorb heat. Exothermic
reactions feel warm to the touch, while endothermic reactions feel cool.
13. Element = carbon; pure substance composed of only one type of atom
Compound = carbon dioxide; pure substance composed of at least 2 different types of atoms
chemically bonded
Homog. Mixture = Kool Aid; at least 2 substances physically combined w/ uniform appearance
Heterog. Mixture = Italian salad dressing; at least 2 substances physically combined w/ nonuniform appearance
14. B, C, E, D, A, B
15. Compounds are only one pure substance (2 or more elements chemically bonded);
homogeneous mixtures contain at least 2 pure substances that have been physically mixed
together.
16. 64 g; sulfur and oxygen are the reactants, and sulfur dioxide is the product.
17. a. is not balanced/does not obey Law of Cons. of Mass
b. is balanced/obeys the Law of Cons. of Mass
c. is balanced/obeys the Law of Cons. of Mass