Civics and Economics Review Book #3 This Book Belongs To: Political Activity #1 Marbury versus Madison in Action A teacher leading a school prayer Judicial review Constitutional Unconstitutional Case that decided it Burning a U.S. flag Constitutional Unconstitutional Setting aside college slots for African Americans The death penalty for people convicted of murder Using evidence in court that was illegally obtained by the police A principal searching a student without a warrant A student wearing a rainbow ribbon to promote gay rights Constitutional Unconstitutional Constitutional Unconstitutional Constitutional Unconstitutional Constitutional Unconstitutional Constitutional Unconstitutional Match the part of the Constitution with what it means: Preamble Constitution is the highest law “We The People, do ordain and establish…” legislative branch The Supremacy Clause goals of the U.S. government The Necessary and Proper Clause gives Congress implied powers The Full Faith and Credit Clause judicial branch Article I executive branch Article II popular sovereignty Article III all state records (marriage certificates, driver’s licenses) must be Recognized by the other states Philosophers that Influenced the American Political System 1688: _______________________ philosophy of government rejects the divine right of kings; rather, every person is entitled to certain natural rights: life, liberty, and property. Locke believes it is the duty of the government to protect these rights. 1748: _______________________ believed government should be divided into three branches and that each branch should place limits on the other. 1762: _____________ most important work is ‘_____________’ that describes the relationship of man with society. 1776: ____________________ said it was “Common Sense” to break away from England! Economics Activity #1 What factor of production does it match with? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Machines Natural resources Money Robots dentist Farmer Manager stockholder Legal Activity #1 Steps in a Criminal Trial Political Activity #2 Name the fraction……….what do they pass? Land Land Land Land Land Land Land Land labor labor labor labor labor labor labor labor capital capital capital capital capital capital capital capital entrepreneur entrepreneur entrepreneur entrepreneur entrepreneur entrepreneur entrepreneur entrepreneur What is in a Name? Acronym FBI What does it stand for What do they do? SBI DEA EPA FDIC D of HS FEMA CDC IRS OSHA NAFTA WTO EU Economic Activity #2 What will happen to price, will it go up or down? 1. _____ a shortage 7. _____ an increase in tariffs 2. _____ an increase in costs of running a business 8. _____ a surplus 3. _____ a frost affects crops 9. _____ supply goes up 4. _____ price of gas goes up 10. ____ demand goes up 5. _____ inflation 11. ____ a monopoly 6. _____ a recession 12. ____ competition increases Legal Activity #2 Methods used to address criminal behavior. Restitution is a ______________________ to the plaintiff in a civil suit. Rehabilitation is to help a person accused of a crime so they do not __________________ their actions. Examples of things that help to rehabilitate a person are: 1. Drug ___________________________ 2. Juvenile ______________________ facilities 3. Community _______________________ Some methods are simply met to punish a person accused of a crime. Such as ___________________, or prison time. Other punishments are meant to cut down on recidivism, or _____________________ offenders. Examples of punishments meant to stop repeat offenders, known as ___________________________ are: 1. The registry for __________________ offenders 2. The three strikes laws that state if a person commits ________________ felonies, they have a life sentence Political Activity #3 Let’s Party……………………..what kind of system is it? One Party System Two Party System Multi Party System Where Does Your Vote Go? One political party controls everything Are their differences of opinion? ________ Do people get to say what they believe? _______ Are people afraid to be honest? __________ Two political parties debate issues and come to a resolution Is it often hard to decide what to do? _________ Do people get to discuss issues freely? _______ Name the two parties in the U.S.__________________________ Many political parties exist Do many candidates exist? ________ Is there a lot of candidates to research? _________ Are too many choices overwhelming?____________ Do you get to know a candidate well?_________ Economic Activity #3 Types of Economies In a market economy, the government makes ______________________________ decisions about the economy. In a mixed economy, the government makes ______________________ decisions about the economy. In a command economy, the government makes __________________ the decisions about the economy. The United States has a ___________________ economy. Our government does the following to help manage the economy: 1. It ______________________ competition. 2. It passes ______________________________ laws to stop monopolies. 3. It raises and lowers _________________________________. 4. It protects people’s _________________________ with patents and copyrights. 5. It allows people to ______________ others in civil court so their property is protected. Legal Activity #3 What Type of Law is It? Written by the legislative branch Statutory Judges make decisions Statutory Use precedents Statutory Criminal law Statutory Civil law Statutory Made by government agencies Statutory Passed by the Environmental Protection Agency Statutory Passed by Congress Statutory Government regulations Statutory Acts, statutes, and ordinances Statutory Passed by the General Assembly Statutory Bad Boys, Bad Boys, What you gonna do? What police agency does this? Investigates treason, espionage, and counterfeiting Gives speeding tickets Has the largest jurisdiction in the U.S. Has the smallest jurisdiction in the U.S. Runs county jails and serves warrants Solves conflicts outside the city limits Called in to assist investigate murders and rapes in N.C. Investigates most crimes Administrative Administrative Administrative Administrative Administrative Administrative Administrative Administrative Administrative Administrative Administrative Common Common Common Common Common Common Common Common Common Common Common Political Activity #4 Elections! ELECTIONS! Elections! Can vote a straight or a split ticket Narrows down candidates for members of a certain political party Must be registered with a political party Can vote for members of both parties Can be open or closed Occur on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November People choose government officials Primary Primary General General Primary Primary Primary Primary General General General General Primary General Identify which U.S. Amendments correspond with the following court cases: Furman v. Georgia __________ Mapp v. Ohio __________ Gregg v. Georgia __________ Tinker v. Des Moines ________ Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeir _______ Gideon v. Wainwright __________ Miranda v. Arizona __________ New Jersey v. TLO __________ Engle v. Vitale __________ Brown v. BOE __________ Read the passages to decide which Supreme Court case it is referring to: 1. “Lawyers in criminal cases are necessities, not luxuries!” ______________________________________________________ 2. “I am a victim of “reverse discrimination!” ______________________________________________________ 3. “OK, so I confessed, but I didn’t know what I was doing!” ______________________________________________________ 4.”My principal searched my purse because I was caught smoking in the bathroom!” ______________________________________________________ 5. “We wear these armbands to protest the war!” ______________________________________________________ 6. “I am exercising my freedom of speech by burning this American Flag!” ______________________________________________________ 7. “There is no place for mandatory or voluntary prayer in school! ______________________________________________________ 8. “I am an American citizen! Don’t lock me up in an interment camp!” ______________________________________________________ 9. “The death penalty is now reinstated.” ______________________________________________________ 10. “I don’t want to be bussed to school!” ______________________________________________________ 11. “I, President Adams, do hereby appoint these judges . . . “ ______________________________________________________ Economic Activity #4 What factor of production does it match with? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Machines Natural resources Money Robots dentist Farmer Manager stockholder Land Land Land Land Land Land Land Land labor labor labor labor labor labor labor labor capital capital capital capital capital capital capital capital entrepreneur entrepreneur entrepreneur entrepreneur entrepreneur entrepreneur entrepreneur entrepreneur Legal Activity #4 Order in the Court!! Order in the Court!! Order in the Court!! There are ______Supreme Court Justices in the US __________ __________. They are ____________ by the President and must be approved by the ___________. They serve for ___________. The powers of the judicial branch are in the _____________ under Article__ . One of the most powerful Chief Justices was ________ ___________. He helped to establish the principle of ____________ _____________. Political Activity #5 TYPES OF GOVERNMENTS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. WHAT TYPE OF GOVERNMENT DOES CUBA HAVE? ___________________________ THE UNITED STATES IS A _____________________________________________ THE MAYFLOWER COMPACT ESTABLISHED A _______________________ IN AMERICA. THE VIRGINIA HOUSE OF BURGESSES WAS THE FIRST EXAMPLE OF A ____________________________________________ IN AMERICA. A CONSTITUTIONAL MONARCHY HAS A ________________ AND A _______________. _______________________ IS THE ABSENCE OF GOVERNMENT. 7. A ______________________________ IS PRETTY MUCH THE SAME AS A REPRESENTAIVE DEMOCRACY Economic Activity #5 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. In a horizontal/ vertical merger two business join together that sell the same items. A sole proprietorship has limited/ unlimited liability. A corporation/ partnership pays corporate income tax. The Federal Reserve Bank/ The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insures deposits for up to $100,000. A demand/ timed account pays higher interest. A credit card/ debit card is a loan. In a recession, the Federal Reserve Bank would raise/ lower interest rates. Lower interest rates make people borrow/ save money. Umployment rates are highest in a recession/ expansion. The government increases its spending in a recession/ expansion. Favorable balance of trade is when a country exports/ imports more. Personal income tax is a progressive/ regressive tax. Progressive taxes go up/ down with a person’s income. If a country has loose monetary policy, the Federal Reserve Bank raises/ lowers the reserve requirement. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. Lowering the reserve requirement, means that the banks have more/ less to lend. If a country has strict monetary policy, the discount rate is raised/ lowered. Raising/ lowering the discount rate encourages people to spend money. The Federal Reserve Bank lowers the interest rate in a recession/ expansion. A chair would be sold in the product/ factor market. People’s income affects demand/ supply. If there is an increase in demand, price goes up/ down. If there is an increase in supply, price goes up/ down. Natural resources are sold in the product/ factor market. Producers affect supply/ demand. Automation requires less/ more human capital. Capitalism is another name for a market economy/ command economy. Communism is another name for a command economy/ market economy. Laissez faire economics is the idea of Adam Smith/ Karl Marx. Legal Activity #5 Law and Courts Terminology Review: 1. Term: A court ruling in an earlier case: ________________________________________ 2. Term: A formal accusation of a crime, issued by the grand jury: __________________ 3. Term: Procedures established by law and guaranteed by the US Constitution: __________________________________________________________________________ 4. Term: The criminal act of printing lies about others: ____________________________ 5. Term: $$ paid to the court by an accused person to guarantee that he/she will appear In court for trial: __________________________________________________________ 6. Term: Court order guaranteeing a person who is arrested the right to appear before a Judge: ____________________________________________________________________ 7.Term: An earlier model upon which judges may base decisions: __________________ 8. Term: The lowest levels of courts of the federal judiciary: _______________________ 9. Term: The power of the Supreme Court to say whether any federal, state, or local law is “unconstitutional:”_____________________________________________________ 10. Term: The written opinion by a justice who disagrees with the majority’s decision: ________________________________________________________________________ 11. Term: Court calendar: ____________________________________________________ 12. Term: An opinion by a justice who votes with the majority, but for different reasons: ________________________________________________________________________ 13. Term: Send a case back to a lower court: _____________________________________ 14. How many Supreme Court Justices are there? ________________________________ 15. How long do Supreme Court Justices serve? _________________________________ 16. Term: Less serious crimes: ________________________________________________ 17. Term: People who are being sued: __________________________________________ 18. Term: Serious crimes: _____________________________________________________ 19. Term: To reduce a criminal’s sentence: ______________________________________ 20. Term: people who file lawsuits: _____________________________________________ 21. Term: protects people from being tried twice for the same crime: ________________ 22. Term: Procedure in which accused is formally charged and enters plea: __________________________________________________________________________ 23. Term: Person convicted of a crime serves sentence at his/her house: _____________ 24. Art. I: Forbids punishing a person w/o a trial/hearing: __________________________ 25. Art. I: Police must explain why accused is being held: __________________________ 26. Art. I: Bans people from being punished for an action that was not illegal when the act was committed. __________________________________________________________ 27. Term: The govt. may not take our lives, liberty, and property away w/o proper legal procedures: _____________________________________________________________ 28. Term: a vote of “not guilty:” ________________________________________________ 29. Term: a court that reviews decisions made in lower district courts: _______________ 30. Term: a system of law based on precedent and customs: _______________________ 31. Term: to question a witness at a trial to check or discredit the testimony: _______________________________________________________________________ 32. Term: A jury that cannot agree on a verdict: __________________________________ 33. Term: A court’s authority to hear and decide a case: ___________________________ 34. Which Amendment guarantees the right to sue in a civil court? __________________ 35. Attorney is another name for a ____________________________________________ Political Activity #6 Art. I ____________________________ Branch _____________________ laws. Art. II ____________________________ Branch ______________________ laws. Art. III ____________________________ Branch _______________________ laws. Colonies Matching: 1. Committees of Correspondence 2. salutary neglect Wrote the Declaration of Independence Tax collected on documents and newspapers 3. Boston Massacre Effective line of communication between 13 colonies 4. Proclamation of 1763 King of England 5. Stamp Act Nationalism 6. Thomas Jefferson French lose claims in North America 7. George III Group of men who protested taxation 8. Sons of Liberty Deadly confrontation between colonists/British 9. Devotion to one's country Limited westward movement 10. French/ Indian War Policy: not regulating the colonies closely Economic Activity #6 An incentive is a reason to do something. Tell what incentive there is for doing the following economic activities. 1. Moving a business into a new area ____________________________________ 2. Writing a petition for rezoning to get a factory out of your neighborhood _________________________________ 3. Training your employees ____________________________________________ 4. Starting your own business __________________________________________ 5. Buying stock _____________________________________________________ 6. Buying a house___________________________________________________ 7. Putting your money in a time account instead of a demand account ________________________________________________________________ 8. Getting a dividend check ___________________________________________ Legal Activity #6 Fill it in! 1. When two or more people are unable to settle their dispute, a ____________________ lawsuit occurs. 2. “Tort Law” is fancy talk for ____________________ lawsuits. 3. In North Carolina, Sheriffs are ____________________ in county elections. Legal or Illegal???? A. A court order requires police to bring a prisoner to court and explain why they are holding the person. A. = ___________________________________ Legal or Illegal? B. Laws that make an act a crime AFTER the act has been committed. B. = ___________________________________ Legal or Illegal? C. Laws that punish a person without a jury trial. C. = ___________________________________ Legal or Illegal? Match‐ it! The right to a lawyer Protection from illegal search Organized school prayer Flags can burn! Arm bands are a form of speech Texas v. Johnson Tinker v. Des Moines Gideon v. Wainwright Mapp v. Ohio Engel v. Vitale Political Activity # 7 T/F: If false, tell why. 1. The Proclamation of 1763 temporarily closed the door to colonial settlement west of the Appalachians. 2. Colonists opposed the Stamp Act because it was the first attempt of Parliament to tax them directly. 3. The Tea Act closed the port of Boston to all shipping. Classifying: Classify the following British laws. Mark M if it was designed to make money, P if it was meant to punish the Colonists, and A if it had another purpose. 1. Sugar Act ______________________ 2. Tea Act _________________ 3. Stamp Act ______________________ 4. Coercive Acts ____________________ 5. Quartering Act ___________________ APPLY. Which principle does each statement refer? 1. New laws to protect children from internet scams __________________________ 2. F.B.I., NC State Patrol, the Fayetteville Police Department __________________ 3. The President vetoes a bill from Congress __________________________________ 4. The President lied under oath _____________________________________________ 5. Because no branch is to be trusted, the government is divided into 3 parts ____________________________________________________ 6. Federal income tax, NC income tax, county property tax ____________________ 7. Legislative, Executive, and Judicial Branches ______________________________ 8. Citizens vote to allow a lottery in North Carolina ___________________________ 9. Congress, President, and Supreme Court __________________________________ 10. The Congress declares war, not the President! ____________________________ Economic Activity #7 Does it make supply go up or down? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. _____ new technology decreases cost _____ corporate income taxes go up _____ new government regulations _____ price of item goes up _____ price of an item goes down _____ a new competitor enters the market _____ business gets a tax break _____ minimum wage goes up _____ cost of natural resources go down _____ corporate income taxes go down _____ a monopoly _____ passing antitrust legislation Does this happen in a recession or in expansion? Mark with an e or r. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. _____ Gross domestic product increases _____ Unemployment increases _____ Businesses are investing _____ Interest rates go down _____ The government spends more money _____ Gross domestic product decreases _____ Unemployment decreases _____ Interest rates go up _____ The government goes into debt _____The government raises taxes Legal Activity #7 Plea Bargaining Advantages to the Defendant Advantages to the Prosecutor 1. Found guilty of a ______________ crime. 2. Has a ________________ penalty. 3. 4. 5. 6. __________ the docket. Gets a __________ verdict. ___________ Money. ___________ Time. The two sides of a case are the _________________and the ______________________. They argue their side by gathering __________________ on their behalf. They also ________________ witnesses and __________________ examine the other side’s witnesses. Political Activity #8 N.C. Either . . . Or! 1. Which of the following Supreme Court Cases deal with school busing and desegregation? a. Brown v. B.O.E, Topeka, Kansas b. Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg B.O.E. 2. Which term describes the N.C. Governor rejecting a bill passed by the NC Legislature? a. Veto b. Override 3. What is the N.C. legislature called? a. Assembly of North Carolina b. General Assembly 4. Which of the following is found at the local level of government? a. Representative b. Councilman 5. What are the three provisions in the 14th Amendment? a. Due process, citizenship, suffrage b. Due process, citizenship, equal protection 6. Which level of government is responsible for regular garbage collection? a. State b. Local 7. What is annexation? a. Government takes private property for public use b. Government takes over unincorporated land 8. How many counties are in N.C.? a. 100 b. 50 9. How many state senators are there in N.C. legislature? a. 100 b. 50 10. Which agency would be responsible for investigating child abuse cases? a. Department of Mental Health Services b. Department of Social Services 11. Teresa sees a pair of Sketchers priced at $55 but pays $59.18 at check out. Why? a. She has to pay an excise tax b. She has to pay a sales tax 12. Which of the following defines citizenship? a. 14th Amendment b. 15th Amendment 13. How are term-limits and judicial review connected? a. They are checks on public official power b. They tend to sustain state corruption 14. Which of the following is true about the N.C. District Courts? a. They hear cases from lower courts and review legislation passed by the General Assembly b. They hear misdemeanor criminal cases as well as minor civil suits 15. Which type of city government uses the mayor in ceremonial duties only? a. Mayor-Council Plan b. Council-Manager Plan N.C. Fill-in Fill in space with the best answer 1. The introduction to the N.C. Constitution is called the _________________________. 2. The N.C. Constitution divides N.C. government into three branches: __________________________, _______________________, _______________________ 3. The N.C. legislature consists of _________ houses: the House of Reps and the Senate. 4. Division of power between the national, state and local government is called _____________. 5. The ____________ have/has the power to approve or reject amendments to the N.C. Constitution. 6. Each branch of N.C. government can limit the power of each other by a system of __________ _____________________________. 7. The _________________________ has the power to pass statues, or laws that apply statewide. 8. Misdemeanor crimes are tried in ____________________ court. 9. The ________________is the smallest political subdivision of N.C. 10. Laws and regulations passed on the local level are known as ______________________. 11. The sheriff is a(n) ____________________ position in the _______________________. 12. The ________________is a hired position for public safety in city government. 13. A government that serves people in cities or towns are called ______________________. 14. Local governments in North Carolina spend the most money on ____________________. 15. In N.C., the _________________________ approves charters. 16. Cumberland County Schools wants to build 5 new schools, but doesn’t have the money to do it. They will get the money to build by selling _________________. 17. The Council of State is/are _________________ positions, the Cabinet is/are ________________ positions. 18. __________________ tax is a charge on a person’s income. 19. __________________ tax is a hidden charge, like on gas and alcohol. 20. The legislative body of a county consists of _______________________________________. Economic Activity #8 Is it demand or supply? Write d or s. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. _______ people wanting an item _______businesses making an item _______ people no longer wanting to buy an item _______ affected by cost of running a business _______ peoples income changes it Does it make demand go up or down? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. _____ people are making more money _____ people have a decrease in their personal income tax _____ unemployment is low _____ interest rates are down _____ an item goes on sale _____ price goes up _____ the price of a complimentary item goes up _____ the price of a substitute item goes down Legal Activity #8 Civil Cases: 1. ________________________ files a _________________________, hoping to recover ___________________________ or ____________________________. 2. Case can be heard by _________________________ or ______________________ because of the ___________ Amendment, that says that you have the right to a ___________ in a ______________ case that involves amounts over $20. 3. If you are not satisfied with the verdict you may ________________________ to ______________________. Criminal Cases: 1. A person ________________ of a crime may be ______________________ if the police have a ______________________ issued by a ___________________________ if the police have ___________________________________. 2. The accused must be _____________ their _____________ Rights and must have an opportunity to call a _____________________________. 3. The case goes to the initial hearing where _______________________ is reviewed and the defendant enters a _______________. 4. A ______________ is set and the _________________ takes place. 5. A _________________ verdict may be _____________________ to a ________________ court. Political Activity #9 Which government am I? 1. I am the leader of cuba. I make all of the decisions and have total control. _________________________________________________________________________________ 2. The result is chaos because there are no rules and no one is in charge. ________________________________________________________________________________ 3. I am Larry Shaw of Cumberland County. I make decisions on behalf of the citizens. _________________________________________________________________________________ 4. All citizens vote on all issues. _________________________________________________ 5. My position is inherited and I rule until I die. _____________________________________ Issues and Solutions at the Constitutional Convention: Issue: Should slaves be counted toward population? Solution: _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Issue: How should states be represented in Congress? Solution: _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________ Houses _____________________________________________ based on population _____________________________________________ equal representation Issue: How should the President be chosen? Solution: _______________________________________________________________________________________________ Can You Name that Document? List of grievances sent to the King Last attempt for a peaceful resolution to the Revolution Written by Thomas Paine to persuade the colonists to break away from Britain 1st Constitution of the United States Series of essays written by the Federalists to support the ratification of the Constitution Shays’ Rebellion would show the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation and this document would replace the Articles Written by the Pilgrims in 1620 and established a direct democracy in America First 10 amendments of the Constitution that describes the rights of citizens Written in 1215 and limited the power of the British monarch and established rule of law Federalist or Anti-Federalist: use a red pencil to circle what belongs to the Federalists and a green pencil to circle what belongs to Anti-Federalists Wrote the Federalist Papers to support the ratification of the Constitution Alexander Hamilton, ben Franklin, and james Madison Would not support ratification of the Constitution unless a Bill of Rights was added Wanted a strong central government The constitution was sufficient in protecting citizen’s rights Thomas Jefferson, Samuel adams, john jay The constitution took too much power from the states Economic Activity #9 Ways businesses make more money Legal Activity #9 EITHER OR . . . Circle the Best Answer! 1. Which of the following in considered the plaintiff in a court case? A. The person being sued OR B. The person who files the lawsuit 2. Which type of jurisdiction does the US District Court have? A. Appellate OR B. Original 3. Which of the following has a jury sit in judgment? A. US District Court OR B. Appellate Court 4. What is the view of the U.S. Supreme Court justices who support a ruling on a case called? A. Majority Decision OR B. Concurring Opinion 5. What is another name for one of the regional federal courts of appeals? A. District Court OR B. Circuit Court 6. In the U.S. Supreme Court, a written opinion that supports the majority decision of the Court, but offers different reasons for reaching that decision is called? A. Dissenting Opinion OR B. Concurring Opinion 7. Which of the following describes authority of a court to hear arguments in a case and to decide that case for the very first time? A. Original Jurisdiction OR B. Exclusive Jurisdiction Criminal Case Procedure: AHATVerySmallPolitical Activity #10 Supreme Court Case Description Students have the right to go to the school near them—separate, but equal is illegal! Students must be bussed to integrate the schools! Students can be searched if there is a reasonable suspicion. Not all speech is protected in school—no innuendo! Black arm bands as a means of protest is allowed in school! School administration can limit speech in school newspaper! Recitation of prayer in school is a no-no! The 14th Amendment applies to adults and young people! NOTES: