Modern Atomic Theory
Study Guide – Part 2
Vocabulary
Be sure you are able to define the following vocabulary words.
Valance electrons:
Orbital:
Electron configuration:
Aufbau Principle:
Pauli Exclusion Principle:
Hund’s Rule:
Principal energy level:
Metals:
Metalloids:
Non-metals:
Atomic size (radius):
Ionization energy:
Electron affinity:
Electronegativity:
Electron shielding:
1
Electron Configurations
1. Fill in the following table about the different types of orbitals.
Orbital
sublevel
s orbital
Number of
orbital types
Maximum # of electrons
orbital can hold
Location on the periodic table
p orbital
d orbital
f orbital
2. What are the three rules for filling in the orbitals for electron configurations?
3. Identify the following elements from their orbital (box) diagrams and list the number of
unpaired electrons.
a.
1s
( )
2s
( )
2p
( )( )( )
3s
( )
3p
( )( )( )
4s
( )
3d
( )( )( )( )( )
b.
1s
( )
2s
( )
2p
( )( )( )
3s
( )
3p
( )( )( )
4s
( )
3d
( )( )( )( )( )
c.
1s
( )
2s
( )
2p
( )( )( )
3s
( )
3p
( )( )( )
4s
( )
3d
( )( )( )( )( )
d.
1s
( )
2s
( )
2p
( )( )( )
3s
( )
3p
( )( )( )
4s
( )
3d
( )( )( )( )( )
2
4. What is a valence electron? How many maximum valence electrons can an atom hold in
each period?
5. Write the full electron configuration for the following elements and circle the valence
electrons.
Element
Atomic
number
Electron configuration
Full
Noble gas shorthand
Be
6
1s22s22p4
F
10
1s22s22p63s23p2
Cl
19
1s22s22p63s23p64s23d5
Xe
85
6. Indicate if the following electron configurations are possible or not. If it is possible, identify
the atom. If not, explain why.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
1s22s22p3
1s22s22p63s23p5
1s22s22p103s23p1
1s22s22p63s23p64s23d5
[Kr]5s24d7
[[Ne]3s23d103p3
[Rn]7s25f6
3
Periodic Trends
7. Fill in the table below with the number of valence electrons for each of the 8 groups on the
periodic table.
Group
Number
Group name
# of valence
electrons
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII
VIII
Alkali metals
1
Electron configuration of valence
orbital ONLY
(n) s1
---------
8. Be able to describe and explain the following periodic trends:
a. Atomic radius
b. Ionization energy
c. Electron affinity
d. Electronegativity
9. Use the following sets of elements to complete the questions below.
i. Ba, Ca, Ra
ii. P, Si, Al
iii. Rb, Cs, K
a. List the 3 elements in order from the largest to the smallest atomic radius.
i.
ii.
iii.
b. List the 3 elements in order from the highest to lowest ionization energies.
i.
ii.
iii.
4
Metal,
metalloid or
non-metal
metal