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Chapter 8/9 Study Guide
8.1
1. What is energy?
2. What do cells use for energy? What do the letters stand for?
3. A. How many phosphate groups does ATP have?
B. How many phosphate groups does ADP have?
C. Which one has more energy?
4. What are three things ATP can power?
5. What is ATP not good for?
6. How can ATP be regenerated from ADP?
7. What is a heterotroph? Give an example.
8. What is an autotroph? Give an example.
9. A. What process do autotrophs go through to produce energy?
B. What macromolecule does this process make?
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8.2
10. The visible spectrum has different
that make up different colors.
11. A. What do pigments do?
B. What are plants’ main pigments?
12. Draw a picture of a chloroplast. Include thylakoids, grana, and stroma.
13. Light is absorbed by plants and turned intro high-energy
.
14. What is the carrier molecule that transports these electrons?
15. After bonding to
and 2 electrons, the carrier molecule becomes
16. Write the equation for photosynthesis using chemical formulas (A) and words (B).
A.
B.
17. Photosynthesis involves two reactions. A. Which requires light?
B. Which does not require light?
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18. Draw the light dependent reaction. Include where it occurs, the 4 things needed, and the 3 things
produced.
19. Draw the light independent reaction. Include where it occurs, the 3 things needed, and the 3 things
produced.
9.1
20. How is energy released from food?
21. How many calories equal 1 nutritional Calorie (the kind we see on food)?
22. If oxygen is available, organisms get their energy through
23. Write the equation for cellular respiration using chemical formulas (A) and words (B).
A.
B.
24. What do you notice about the equation for photosynthesis and the one for cellular respiration?
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25. A. What are the three stages of cellular respiration (in order)?
B. Which makes the most energy?
26. What is glucose broken down into?
27. A. What does aerobic mean?
28.
B. What does anaerobic mean?
Match each stage below with two of the letters below.
Glycolysis
A. Mitochondria
Krebs Cycle and the Electron Transport Chain
B. Cytoplasm
C. Aerobic
D. Anaerobic
29. Define fermentation:
30. What is the main difference between cellular respiration and fermentation?
31. Both types of fermentation start with the same two reactants. What are they?
32. A. What types of organisms go through alcoholic fermentation?
B. What are the products of alcoholic fermentation?
33. A. What types of organisms go through lactic acid fermentation?
B. What are the products of lactic acid fermentation?