Frescoes
Agora
Homer
Olympic Games
Tyrants
Democracy
Polis
Iliad
Myths
Aristocracies
Popular Government
Acropolis
Odyssey
Oracles
Hoplite
 Sea: 85 miles wide from





coast to coast.
Sea traders
Land: Mountains
separated communities
and made it difficult to
unite Greece under 1
government.
Poor transportation: 7 days
to travel 60 miles.
Little farmable land.
Climate: Warm all year.
Favorable for outdoor
leisure activities.
 Leading city on the Greek
mainland.
 Ruled by a warrior king
who had absolute power.
 The warrior king
controlled local production
and commercial trade.
 Led their armies
throughout the peninsula
and the mainland to rob
and plunder .
 Greek word for city-state is polis.
 A polis is an absolutely independent and self-sufficient


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

community.
Small area.
Population less than 10,000. Most were slaves and noncitizens (didn’t own land).
Built on a acropolis (hill)
Each had an agora (marketplace) for selling goods and
holding public meetings to discuss important matters.
Considered all non-Greeks to be barbarians.
Polis’ were each ruled in many different ways:
1. Monarchy: King/Queen rule (Mycenae)
2. Aristocracy: Nobles rule (Athens)
Hereditary and based on land ownership.
Wealth and social status supports rulers authority.
3. Oligarchy: Government ruled by a few powerful citizens (Sparta 800-600 B.C.)
Rule is based on wealth.
Rulers control the military.
4. Tyranny: Powerful individual who gains control of the government.
Dictatorship
5. Democracy: State ruled by a small group of citizens (Athens 461 B.C.)
Rule is based on citizenship (free adult males).
Majority rules.
Minoans
Location
Dates
Mycenaeans
Crete
Greek Mainland,
Crete
2000 B.C.-1500
B.C.
1600 B.C.-1200
B.C.
Achievements
Indoor running
water, art, trade
network, navy,
written language
Built fort-like
cities throughout
Greece, kept
written records
Reason For
Collapse
Volcanic eruption,
tidal waves
Earthquakes, war
Use textbook pages 121-125 to create a timeline showing
the significant events of the Persian Wars. Make your
timeline self-explanatory so that someone looking at it
can understand the events of the Persian Wars and who
took part in them.
 546 B.C.
 500 B.C.
 492 B.C.
 490 B.C.
 480 B.C.
 479 B.C.
Helots
Ephors
Metics
Archons
Direct Democracy
Representative Democracy
Persian Wars
Battle of Marathon
Battle of Thermopylae
Themistocles
Delian League
Pericles
Peloponnesian War
Social Classes
Sparta
Athens
Upper
Equals: descendents of
the invaders
Citizens: Athenian-born
Middle
Half-Citizens: free, nondescendents
Metics: Non-citizens
from outside Athens
Lower
Helots: slaves
Slaves: captured in war.
Treated as property.
Sparta
A) 2 Hereditary kings:
DUTY: 1 led the army while the other ruled
the city-state.
B) Council of Elders: 28 wealthy aristocrat
males citizens over the age of 60.
DUTY: Propose laws and served as the jury
in criminal courts.
C) Assembly: All male citizens 30+ years old.
DUTY: Voted on laws proposed by Council
of Elders.
D) Ephors: 5 elected by the assembly for 1
year terms.
DUTY: Made sure the kings did not abuse
their power. Controlled the education of
Spartans.
Athens
Beginning:
A) Assembly: all adult male citizens who
owned land.
Duties: Elect Generals; elect archons (9) as
rulers to serve 1 year terms.
B) Draco: Tryant who created harsh laws.
C) Solon: divided all citizens into 4 groups
based on wealth. 2 richest groups could
hold office.
Assembly: All citizens sat on the assembly
and elected officials to office.
Court: made up of citizen jurors
D) Cleisthenes: turned Athens into a direct
democracy.
Council of 500: served 1 year term only.
Duties: propose laws to the assembly.
Assembly voted on laws.
Jury: Citizens. Voted by secret ballot
546 B.C.
500 B.C.
492 B.C.
490 B.C.
480 B.C.
479 B.C.
Phalanx
Orators
Phillip II of Macedon
Hellenistic Culture
Demosthenes
Alexander the Great
Moves into Greece
One by one city-states fall
Recruits paid army and applies Greek idea of phalanxes
Athens fights, but city-states remain disunited
Takes control of northern Athenian colonies
Greece united under Philip’s rule
Philip becomes king of Macedon
Thebes and Athens defeated at Chaeronea in 338 B.C.
Greek city-states are weakened by war and disunited
Some, like Demosthenes, oppose
1)
Goals of Alexander the Great
Conquer the world
Spread Greek Culture
Manage an Empire
What did Alexander do to accomplish each goal?
Assess whether or not he accomplished it.
2) Why did Alexander’s empire collapse after his death?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OEabk4FnSaI (Part 1)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KCb4DCOmPQ&feature=relmfu (Part 2)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8zaM4dYnFm0&feature=rel
mfu (Part 3 Hellenistic Culture)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4dof_uF1_0I&feature=relmf
u (Part 4)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AOicwRXjecw (Parts 1-4,
first 30 minutes)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QkWS9PiXekE&safe
ty_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=active
(This is Sparta)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ew4qCi-QY&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=ac
tive (Thermopylae )