HSM Chapter 11 Tables
Table 11-4: Distribution of Crashes by Collision Type and Crash Severity Level for Undivided Roadway Segments
Proportion of crashes by collision type and crash severity level
HSM-Provided Values
Locally-Derived Values (Michigan)
Fatal and
Fatal and
Fatal and
Fatal and
PDO
Total
PDO
injury
injury a
injury
injury a
0.029
0.043
0.001
0.045
0.108
0.138
0.022
0.048
0.044
0.120
0.155
0.062
0.061
0.189
0.305
0.217
0.220
0.205
0.266
0.188
0.184
0.352
0.348
0.358
0.149
0.180
0.184
0.138
0.238
0.304
0.237
0.321
0.242
0.299
0.349
0.028
0.044
0.064
0.125
0.143
0.130
0.188
Total
Collision type
Head-on
0.009
Sideswipe
0.098
Rear-end
0.246
Angle
0.356
Single
0.238
Other
0.053
SV run-off-rd, Head-on, Sideswipe
0.270
Note: Locally-Derived Values provided courtesy of the Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT).
Table 11-6: Distribution of Crashes by Collision Type and Crash Severity Level for Divided Roadway Segments
Proportion of crashes by collision type and crash severity level
HSM-Provided Values
Locally-Derived Values (Michigan)
Fatal and
Fatal and
Fatal and
Fatal and
PDO
Total
PDO
injury
injury a
injury
injury a
0.013
0.018
0.002
0.009
0.018
0.033
0.006
0.027
0.022
0.053
0.120
0.059
0.055
0.139
0.163
0.114
0.088
0.136
0.195
0.143
0.118
0.048
0.045
0.041
0.046
0.086
0.143
0.034
0.727
0.778
0.792
0.626
0.605
0.604
0.633
0.022
0.023
0.024
0.063
0.036
0.022
0.072
Total
Collision type
Head-on
0.006
Sideswipe
0.043
Rear-end
0.116
Angle
0.043
Single
0.768
Other
0.024
SV run-off-rd, Head-on, Sideswipe
0.500
Note: Locally-Derived Values provided courtesy of the Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT).
Table 11-9: Distribution of Intersection Crashes by Collision Type and Crash Severity
Proportion of crashes by collision type and crash severity level
HSM-Provided Values
Locally-Derived Values (Michigan)
Fatal and
Fatal and
Fatal and
Fatal and
Total
PDO
Total
PDO
Collision type
injury
injury a
injury
injury a
Three-leg intersections with minor road stop control
Head-on
0.029
0.043
0.052
0.020
0.050
0.103
0.146
0.028
Sideswipe
0.133
0.058
0.057
0.179
0.096
0.049
0.051
0.115
Rear-end
0.289
0.247
0.142
0.315
0.293
0.299
0.198
0.291
Angle
0.263
0.369
0.381
0.198
0.161
0.194
0.206
0.147
Single
0.234
0.219
0.284
0.244
0.307
0.266
0.300
0.324
Other
0.052
0.064
0.084
0.044
0.093
0.089
0.099
0.095
SV run-off-rd, Head-on, Sideswipe
0.500
Four-leg intersections with minor road stop control
Head-on
0.016
0.018
0.023
0.015
0.056
0.094
0.120
0.038
Sideswipe
0.107
0.042
0.040
0.156
0.099
0.049
0.034
0.124
Rear-end
0.228
0.213
0.108
0.240
0.238
0.216
0.149
0.248
Angle
0.395
0.534
0.571
0.292
0.320
0.426
0.466
0.268
Single
0.202
0.148
0.199
0.243
0.180
0.124
0.128
0.207
Other
0.052
0.045
0.059
0.054
0.107
0.091
0.103
0.115
SV run-off-rd, Head-on, Sideswipe
0.500
Four-leg signalized intersections
Head-on
0.054
0.083
0.093
0.034
0.087
0.146
0.204
0.067
Sideswipe
0.106
0.047
0.039
0.147
0.101
0.029
0.018
0.125
Rear-end
0.492
0.472
0.314
0.505
0.380
0.318
0.159
0.403
Angle
0.256
0.315
0.407
0.215
0.250
0.333
0.404
0.222
Single
0.062
0.041
0.078
0.077
0.058
0.049
0.065
0.060
Other
0.030
0.042
0.069
0.022
0.124
0.125
0.150
0.123
SV run-off-rd, Head-on, Sideswipe
0.500
NOTE: a Using the KABCO scale, these include only KAB crashes. Crashes with severity level C (possible injury) are not included. Locally-Derived
Values provided courtesy of the Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT).
Table 11-10: Summary of CMFs in Chapter 11 and the Corresponding SPFs
Applicable SPF
CMF
CMF1ru
CMF2ru
CMF3ru
CMF4ru
CMF5ru
CMF1rd
CMF2rd
CMF3rd
CMF4rd
CMF5rd
CMF1i
CMF2i
CMF3i
CMF4i
Undivided Roadway
Segment SPF
Divided Roadway
Segment SPF
Three- and Four-Leg
Stop-Controlled
Intersection SPFs
CMF Description
Lane Width on Undivided Segments
Shoulder Width and Shoulder Type
Sideslopes
Lighting
Automated Speed Enforcement
Lane Width on Divided Segments
Right Shoulder Width on Divided Roadway Segment
Median Width
Lighting
Automated Speed Enforcement
Intersection Angle
Left-Turn Lane on Major Road
Right-Turn Lane on Major Road
Lighting
CMF Equations and Exhibits
Equation 11-12, Table 11-11 and Figure 11-8
Equation 11-14, Figure 11-9, Tables 11-12 and 11-13
Table 11-14
Equation 11-15, Table 11-15
See text
Equation 11-16, Table 11-16, Figure 11-10
Table 11-17
Table 11-18
Equation 11-17, Table 11-19
See text
Tables 11-20, 11-21
Tables 11-20, 11-21
Tables 11-20, 11-21
Tables 11-20, 11-21
Table 11-11: CMF for Lane Width on Undivided Roadway Segments (CMFRA)
AADT (veh/day)
Lane Width (ft)
< 400
400 to 2000
> 2000
9
1.04
1.38
9.5
1.03
1.31
10
1.02
1.23
10.5
1.02
1.14
11
1.01
1.04
11.5
1.01
1.02
12
1.00
1.00
1.00
Note: The collision types related to lane width to which this CMF applies include run-off-the-road, head-on crashes, and sideswipes.
Table 11-12: CMF for Collision Types Related to Shoulder Width (CMFWRA)
AADT (veh/day)
Shoulder Width (ft)
< 400
400 to 2000
> 2000
0
1.10
1.50
1
1.09
1.40
2
1.07
1.30
3
1.05
1.23
4
1.02
1.15
5
1.01
1.08
6
1.00
1.00
1.00
7
0.99
0.94
8
0.98
0.87
Note: The collision types related to shoulder width to which this CMF applies include single-vehicle run-off-the-road and multiple-vehicle headon, opposite-direction sideswipe, and same-direction sideswipe crashes.
Table 11-13: CMF for Collision Types Related to Shoulder Types and Shoulder Widths (CMFTRA)
Shoulder Type
Paved
Gravel
Composite
Turf
0
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1
1.00
1.00
1.01
1.01
2
1.00
1.01
1.02
1.03
3
1.00
1.01
1.02
1.04
4
1.00
1.01
1.03
1.05
Shoulder width (ft)
5
6
1.00
1.00
1.02
1.02
1.04
1.04
1.07
1.08
7
1.00
1.02
1.05
1.10
8
1.00
1.02
1.06
1.11
9
1.00
1.03
1.07
1.13
10
1.00
1.03
1.07
1.14
Table 11-14: CMF for Side Slope on Undivided Roadway Segments (CMF3ru)
1:2 or Steeper
1.18
1:3
1.15
1:4
1.12
1:5
1.09
1:6
1.05
1:7 or Flatter
1.00
Table 11-15: Night-time Crash Proportions for Unlighted Roadway Segments
HSM-Provided Values
Locally-Derived Values (Michigan)
Proportion of total night-time
Proportion of crashes
Proportion of total night-time
Proportion of crashes
crashes by severity level
that occur at night
crashes by severity level
that occur at night
Roadway Type
Fatal and injury, pinr PDO, ppnr
pnr
Fatal and injury, pinr
PDO, ppnr
pnr
4U
0.361
0.639
0.255
0.190
0.534
0.290
Note: Locally-Derived Values provided courtesy of the Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT).
Table 11-16: CMF for Lane Width on Divided Roadway Segments (CMFRA)
AADT (veh/day)
Lane Width (ft)
< 400
400 to 2000
> 2000
9
1.03
1.25
9.5
1.02
1.20
10
1.01
1.15
10.5
1.01
1.09
11
1.01
1.03
11.5
1.01
1.02
12
1.00
1.00
1.00
Note: The collision types related to lane width to which this CMF applies include run-off-the-road, head-on crashes, and sideswipes.
Table 11-17: CMF for Right Shoulder Width on Divided Roadway Segments (CMF2rd)
Average Shoulder Width (ft)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
CMF
1.18
1.16
1.13
1.11
1.09
1.07
1.04
1.02
1.00
1.00
1.00
Table 11-18: CMF for Median Width on Divided Roadway Segments without a Median Barrier (CMF3rd)
Median Width (ft)
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
CMF
1.04
1.02
1.00
0.99
0.97
0.96
0.96
0.95
0.94
0.94
Table 11-19: Night-time Crash Proportions for Unlighted Roadway Segments
HSM-Provided Values
Locally-Derived Values (Michigan)
Proportion of total night-time
Proportion of crashes
Proportion of total night-time
Proportion of crashes
crashes by severity level
that occur at night
crashes by severity level
that occur at night
Roadway Type
Fatal and injury, pinr PDO, ppnr
pnr
Fatal and injury, pinr PDO, ppnr
pnr
4D
0.323
0.677
0.426
0.232
0.718
0.533
Note: Locally-Derived Values provided courtesy of the Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT).
Table 11-22: Crash Modification Factors (CMF2i) for Installation of Left-Turn Lanes on Intersection Approaches
Number of Non-Stop-Controlled Approaches with Left-turn Lanesa
Intersection Type
Crash Severity Level
One Approach
Two Approaches
Three-leg minor-road stop
Total
0.56
controlb
Fatal and Injury
0.45
Four-leg minor-road stop
Total
0.72
0.52
controlb
Fatal and Injury
0.65
0.42
a Stop-controlled approaches are not considered in determining the number of approaches with left-turn lanes
b
Stop signs present on minor-road approaches only
Table 11-23: Crash Modification Factors (CMF3i) for Installation of Right-Turn Lanes on Intersection Approaches
Number of Non-Stop-Controlled Approaches with Right-turn Lanesa
Intersection Type
Crash Severity Level
One Approach
Two Approaches
Three-leg minor-road stop
Total
0.86
controlb
Fatal and Injury
0.77
Four-leg minor-road stop
Total
0.86
0.74
controlb
Fatal and Injury
0.77
0.59
a Stop-controlled approaches are not considered in determining the number of approaches with right-turn lanes
b Stop signs present on minor-road approaches only
Table 11-24: Night-time Crash Proportions for Unlighted Intersections
HSM-Provided Values
Locally-Derived Values (Michigan)
Proportion of total night-time
Proportion of crashes
Proportion of total night-time
Proportion of crashes
crashes by severity level
that occur at night
crashes by severity level
that occur at night
Roadway Type
Fatal and injury, pini
PDO, ppnr
pni
Fatal and injury, pinr PDO, ppnr
pni
3ST
0.276
0.148
4ST
0.273
0.106
Note: Locally-Derived Values provided courtesy of the Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT).
Notes for Tables 11-11, 11-12 and 11-16 for AADT 400 – 2000 see HSM.