Inovácia obsahu a metód vzdelávania prispôsobená potrebám
vedomostnej spoločnosti
Animation techniques II
Computer animation
VYPRACOVAL: Mgr, Vladislav, Kravec
Január 2014
„MODERNÉ VZDELÁVANIE PRE VEDOMOSTNÚ SPOLOČNOSŤ/PROJEKT JE SPOLUFINANCOVANÝ
ZO ZDROJOV EÚ“
CONTENT
COMPUTER ANIMATION OR CGI ANIMATION
o 2D Animation (2D digital)
 Tweening
 Morphing
 Onion – Skinning
 Rotoscoping
o 3D Animation (3D digital)
COMPUTER ANIMATION OR CGI ANIMATION
It encompasses a variety of animation
techniques created digitally on a computer.
 To create digital animation we need special
graphic software (e.g. Adobe Premiere, Adobe
Flash, Sony Vegas, Toon Boom, Maya, Blender,
etc.). Two basic types of computer animation
are 2D and 3D animation.

The great success of Computer animation
was received in 1986 with the release of
Pixar’s first short, Luxo Jr.
 The good example of the effective use of CGI
for the special effects is the Steven
Spielberg’s movie Jurassic Park (1993).
 Toy Story (1995), produced by Walt Disney
Productions and Pixar Animation Studios is a
milestone of Computer animation as it
became the first full length feature film
animated entirely on computers.

2D ANIMATION (2D DIGITAL)
Two-dimensional figures or objects are created
and/or edited on the computer using
2D bitmap graphics or 2D vector graphics.
 It also involves the automated computerized
variations of traditional animation techniques
like the tweening, morphing, onion skinning
and rotoscoping

TWEENING
"Tween" is short for "in-between" and refers to
the creation of intermediate frames or drawings
between key frames
 In computer animation, the term is most
commonly used for Flash's "shape tweening"
and "motion tweening" processes, where the
user can define two key frames and Flash will
automatically create the in-between frames

TWEENING
MORPHING
a special effect in motion
pictures and animations that changes (or
morphs) one image into another through a
fluent transition most often it is used to depict
one person turning into another or as a part of
fantasy or surreal sequence
 computer-animated morphing was used in the
1974 Canadian animation Hunger.

MORPHING
ONION - SKINNING
Is basically the ability to see through to underlying
layers of animation
 it lets an animator draw each new frame of
animation directly on top of images of previous
frames
 in the onion skin mode the images that have
already been drawn are made transparent to make
it possible to draw over them without getting
confused about what is new and what is old

ONION - SKINNING
ROTOSCOPING
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means creating animated characters by tracing an action
movie with real actors frame by frame
originally, recorded live-action film images were projected
onto a glass panel and re-drawn by an animator. This
projection equipment is called a rotoscope, although this
device was eventually replaced by computers.
rotoscoping can be used to create actual cartoons or to
create cartoon-like movies in which the surroundings seem
real and the actors are recognizable, but the entire motion
picture has a cartoon-like quality
an example of the cartoon-like movie is the Czech film Alois
Nebel
ROTOSCOPING
3D ANIMATION (3D DIGITAL)
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3D CGI animation involves the use of computers to
create geometric data which is rendered out to create
three-dimensional images
3D models or figures are made of points in 3D space,
called vertices, which are connected by line segments to
form a polygonal mesh, which is solid and cannot be
bent or animated
in order to edit or manipulate a mesh, the animator
creates a digital skeletal structure (virtual skeleton)
which is used for controlling the mesh. This entire
activity is known as rigging
a character rig is made up of a number of
bones, which are assembled and joined
together inside the mesh of the model
 certain parts of the rig are more important and
therefore the hierarchy must be created (like a
tree with a central root that spreads out to
every moving part of the body)
 once the bones of the rig are joined together an
animator would place certain restrictions on
some of the movements, including rotation
limits (e.g. to prevent the neck from twisting
360 degrees)

Rigging in Blender software
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for the facial rigging is better to use a selection of
shapes (blendshapes) that can be morphed from one
to the other
the final stage of rigging is to make sure that the
surface mesh does not distort awkwardly when the
model is bent or twisted
the process of trying to make the model look as if the
mesh was the skin of a human, with muscle and
bone beneath, is called skinning
then other techniques can be applied, such as
shading (illusion of space), texture-mapping (gives
texture of various surfaces – fur, hair, fabric, etc.)
and other effects.
3D modellers require an excellent eye as well as
good knowledge of volume, form and anatomy.
The facial rigging
SOURCES
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http://cdn.collider.com/wp-content/uploads/jurassic-parkimage1.jpg
http://www.impawards.com/1995/posters/toy_story_ver1_xlg.
jpg
http://i.vimeocdn.com/video/481273327_1280x720.jpg
https://cdn.tutsplus.com/cg/uploads/legacy/424_Blender_Rig
ging_LP_Characters/Preview.jpg
http://img3.wikia.nocookie.net/__cb20100423154947/pixar/i
mages/archive/b/b4/20120622045344!Luxo_Jr.jpg
http://learningame.inforef.be/images/flash/shape_tween.jpg
http://www.csee.wvu.edu/~gidoretto/courses/2013-fallcp/assignments/assignment3/results/wang/bush-obamamorphing.png
http://docs.toonboom.com/help/animatepro/Content/Resources/Images/HAR/Stage
/Cut-out/an_animateon.png
 http://www.aloisnebel.cz/img/background_
home_5.jpg
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