Kingdoms Plantae and Animalia
and rest of Classification Notes
Kingdom Plantae
• Characteristics:
– Eukaryote
– Multicellular
– Autotrophic (photosynthesis)
– Cell wall
– Mostly terrestrial
Kingdom Plantae Examples
• Mosses
Kingdom Plantae Examples
• Ferns
Kingdom Plantae Examples
• Conifers
Kingdom Plantae Example
• Flowering plants
Kingdom Animalia
• Characteristics
– Eukaryote
– Multicellular
– Heterotrophic (ingest)
– No cell wall
– Terrestrial and aquatic
Kingdom Animalia Examples
• sponges
Examples
• Jellyfish
Examples
• Mollusks
Examples
• Round worms
Examples
• Flat worms
Examples
• Segmented worms
Examples
• Arthropods
Examples
• Starfish
Examples
• Fish
Examples
• Amphibians
Examples
• Reptiles
Examples
• Birds
Examples
• Mammals
Phylogeny
• (evolutionary history)
• Phylogenetic trees are branching diagrams
showing how organisms are related
• Also called family trees
• Fossil records help establish relationships on a
phylogenetic tree
• Organize living things based on their evolution
Phylogenic Tree
• Common ancestor is
shown at the base of
the tree
• Most modern organism
shown at the tips of
branches
• Each time a branch
divides into a smaller
branch, a new species
evolves
Cladograms
• Show how organisms
are related based on
shared, derived
characteristics such as
feathers, hair, scales,
etc.
THREE DOMAIN SYSTEM
• Based on comparing sequence of ribosomal
RNA in different organisms to determine
ancestry.
• All organisms placed into 3 broad groups
called DOMAINS
Three Domain System
Three Domain System
• Domain Archae: (Kingdom Archaebacteria) contains
chemosynthetic bacteria living in harsh
environments.
• Domain Bacteria or Eubacteria: (Kingdom
Eubacteria) contains all other bacteria including
those causing diseases.
• Domain Eukarya or Eukaryota: (Kingdoms Protista,
Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia) contains all eukaryotic
organisms
•The end of these notes