Flappers
• Women got the right to
vote. (19th amendment)
• They had more choices
such as:
Whether or not to get
married, be a
housewife, have
children, or have a
career.
Flappers were
considered reckless
rebels. They had short
sleek hair. They wore
a shorter than
average shapeless
shift dress. They
wore make-up and put
it on in public. (just
like El Dorado girls)
They exposed their
legs in public.
Fashion
HARLEM RENAISSANCE
In large northern cities, especially New York
City’s neighborhood of Harlem, African
Americans created environments that
stimulated artistic development,
racial pride, a sense of community
and political organization, which led
to a massive creative outpouring of African American
arts. This became known as the HARLEM
RENAISSANCE.
Negro Nationalism glorified black
culture, traditions, pride and unity. It
encouraged economic gain and political
power, but also voiced the need for
separation and independence from whites.
Many Americans bought on the INSTALLMENT PLAN,
making down payments and the rest on monthly
payments. Paying off debt left money to purchase
goods.
What especially hurt the farmers and
intensified the Depression was the raising of
taxes on imports through the HAWLEY-SMOOT
TARIFF.
In return, Foreign corporations did not buy
American exports.
Bear Market - period during which the stock market falls steadily.
Bull Market - a steady rise in the stock market over a period of time.
As a BULL Market continued in the 1920’s, many
investors bought stock on MARGIN (on credit from a
broker-installment plan), only making small cash down
payments.
This was considered safe as long stock prices
continued to rise. If the STOCK began to FALL, the
broker could issue a MARGIN CALL demanding that the
investor repay the loan immediately.
Investors were unable to make money to repay their loans.
As stockbrokers advised their customers of MARGIN
CALLS, customers responded by placing all their stocks up
for sale, causing the stock market to fall even further.
On October 29, 1929, stock prices fell dramatically on
BLACK TUESDAY, resulting in a $10 to $15 Billion loss in
value.
The Stock Market Crash
From Riches to Ruin
• Many wealthy families lost everything
• Some even committed suicide
• Millions of people who never owned a single stock
lost their jobs, farms and homes
• The crash triggered a much wider, long term crisis
known as the Great Depression
• The Depression lasted from 1929 to 1941
• The Depression had a ripple effect that hurt the
economies of other countries