ALLERGIES
OBJECTIVES
• The Participant will be able to
– Describe common signs of allergic reaction
– Recognize common causes and aggravating
factors in allergic reactions
– Effectively implement Allergy Action Plan and
Individual Care Plan
Topics:
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Allergic reaction defined
Causes of allergic reactions
Aggravating factors in allergies
Signs & symptoms of allergic reactions
Managing allergies in child care
Strategies for treating allergies including
anaphylaxis.
ALLERGIES
An allergic reaction is an abnormal immune
response to a substance that does not generally
cause a reaction in most people.
Symptoms of Allergies can be…
• Mild
• Moderate
• Severe
CAUSES OF ALLERGIES
INGESTANTS: substances that enter the
body by mouth
INJECTED: enter the body
through puncture
INHALANTS: the allergen is breathed in through
the nose or mouth
CONTACT ALLERGIES: enter the body
through the skin
INGESTANTS
FOOD
Milk
Wheat
Eggs
Peanuts &
Tree nuts
Soy
Fish & Shell Fish
INGESTANTS
DRUGS
Penicillin
Sulfa
Barbiturates
Anticonvulsants
INJECTED
Vaccines
Antibiotics
Insulin
Insect Stings
INHALANTS
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Pollens
House dust mites
Molds
Animal dander and
saliva
• Chemicals used in
industry
House Dust Mite
Contact Allergies
• An allergic skin reaction from contact with
a substance that is usually harmless to
others.
– Metals
– Skin care products
– Medication
– Latex
AGGRAVATING FACTORS
Weather
Changes
Second hand smoke
Heat
Cold
Infection
Conditions Aggravated by
ALLERGIES
• Asthma
• Hay Fever
• Eczema
• Hives
• Contact
Dermatitis
TREATMENT
Avoidance
Medication
Allergy Shots (Immunotherapy)
Control of environment
Managing Allergies in Child Care
• Policy Considerations
• Individualized Health Care Plan
• Allergy Action Plan
ANAPHYLAXIS
Life Threatening Allergic Reaction
Anaphylaxis …test your knowledge
Truth? Or Myth
1. Anaphylaxis is Rare
2. The cause of anaphylaxis is always obvious
3. Anaphylaxis is always accompanied by hives
4. Anaphylaxis will subside in 1-2 hours
Symptoms of
Anaphylaxis
Anaphylaxis
What You Should Do…
Requirements for using
Emergency Injectable medication
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Parent permission
Physician written authorization,
An individualized written health care plan
One-on-one specialized training from the
parent and/or health care provider
• Medication available during field trips
Anaphylaxis
TREATMENT
Resources
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American Lung Association
61 Broadway, 6th Floor
New York, NY 10006
1-800-LUNG-USA (1-800-586-4872)
www.lungusa.org
Asthma & Allergy Foundation of
America
1233 20th Street, NW, Suite 402
Washington, DC 20036
1-800-7-ASTHMA (1-800-727-8462) or
202-466-7643
www.aafa.org
The Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis
Network
11781 Lee Jackson Highway, Suite
160
Fairfax, VA 22033-3309
1-800-929-4040
www.foodallergy.org
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American Academy of Allergy,
Asthma & Immunology
555 East Wells Street, Suite 1100
Milwaukee, WI 53202-3823
1-800-822-2762 or 414-272-6071
www.aaaai.org
Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention
National Center for Environmental
Health
1-800-CDC-INFO (1-800-232-4636) or
404-639-3534
www.cdc.gov/nceh
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