GREEK
Greek
• Portrayed closest thing to perfection in
physical form
• Archaic – “Kouros”
• Classical – Contrapposto
• Hellenistic – “Greek-like”
– “The Laocoon Group”
Archaic
“Kouros” 580 BC
Classical
“Spear Bearer” by
Polykleitos of Argos
Classical
“The Parthenon” by Ictinus and
Callicrates
Hellenistic
“The Laocoon Group”
ROME
Romans were practical, less idealistic
than Greeks
“The Collosseum” by the Flavian
family
Inside “The Colloseum”
“Pantheon”
Inside the “Pantheon”
Emperor Constantine
• 1st Christian emperor
• In 313, he acknowledge Christianity and attitudes
of Romans had changed considerably
• Rome was declining, and people started turning
towards spirited values that Christianity offered
“Head of Constantine”
The Middle Ages in Europe
Ireland
• Never a part of the Roman Empire
• 5th Cent – they were Christianized without
becoming Romanized
• Irish monasteries became major centers of
learning and art
• Produced many hand-lettered copies of
religious manuscripts
“Book of Kells”
Renaissance
Renaissance
• Shift in attitude from religious dedication of
the Middle Ages to the new philosophical,
literary, and artistic movement – called
humanism
• Shift from God and the hereafter to
humankind and the here and now
• Renaissance = rebirth
“The Holy Trinity” by
Masaccio
Florence, Italy
“David” by Donatello
Medici Family
• Dominated the life of Florence and Tuscany
with great political skill and certain
wealthiness
• It is thought that “David” was commissioned
for this family
• Commissioned “Birth of Venus”
“Birth of Venus” by Sandro Botticelli
Leonardo da Vinci
– Motivated by strong
curiosity and belief in
the human ability to
understand the physical
world
– Kept many journals
• “Babe in Womb”
– “Mona Lisa”
– “The Last Supper”
– Believed art and science
came to the same end –
knowledge
“The Babe in the Womb”
“Mona Lisa” by Leonardo da Vinci;
1503-1506
“David” by
Michelangelo
Buonarroti
“The Creation of Adam” by
Michelangelo
NEOCLASSICISM
“Cornelia, Pointing to her Children as her Treasures” by
Angelica Kauffman in 1785
ROMANTICISM
“Blue Hole, Little Miami River”
by
by Robert S. Duncanson in 1851
REALISM
Realism
• Style of art and lit that depicts ordinary existence
without idealism
• School of Fine Arts was established – taught by
members of the Academy of Fine Arts
• Academic art – art that follows formulas laid
down by an academy or school
• Salon – Huge annual exhibition
“Pygmalion and Galatea”
By Jean-Leon Gerome
“William Rush carving his
Allegorical Figure of the Schuylkill
River”
By Thomas Eakins