Mrs. Magyar
USHC Standard 5: The student will demonstrate an understanding of domestic and
foreign developments that contributed to the emergence of the United States as a
world power in the twentieth century.
USHC 5.3: Summarize United States foreign policies in different regions of the world
during the early twentieth century, including the purposes and effects of the Open
Door policy with China, the United States role in the Panama Revolution, Theodore
Roosevelt’s “big stick diplomacy”, William Taft’s “dollar diplomacy” and Woodrow
Wilson’s “moral diplomacy” and changing worldwide perceptions of the United
States.
The Open Door Policy:
Who?
U.S. to China; European nations
What?
Diplomatic notes asking all foreign powers to allow other foreign powers to trade in
their “sphere of influence”
Why?
European countries had special trade privileges in China; the U.S. wanted to trade
with China; spheres of influence
Results?
Increased economic opportunity for the U.S.
Boxer Rebellion
The Panama Revolution:
Who?
President Theodore Roosevelt; U.S., Panama and Colombia
What?
The Panamanian people rebelled against oppressive Colombian rule with help from
the U.S.
Why?
To gain the rights to build a canal across Panama so U.S. ships could travel from the
Pacific to the Atlantic was easier; Colombia wouldn’t lease the land to the U.S.
Results?
Panama became independent
They agreed to lease the land for the Panama Canal
The U.S. bought the rights from France (1914)
The Big-Stick Policy:
Who?
President Theodore Roosevelt to European nations
What?
Roosevelt’s Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine; the U.S. could intervene in the
Western Hemisphere if a country owed money to any European nation
Why?
To keep imperialist European countries out of the Western Hemisphere
Results?
Mrs. Magyar
The U.S. proved that they would not be a threat in the West, but would not hesitate
to protect their own interests
The Dollar Diplomacy:
Who?
President William Taft; U.S. to Latin American countries, Caribbean and China
What?
“substitute money for bullets” in foreign policy
Why?
The U.S. could best maintain order in nations abroad by increasing U.S. foreign
investments
Results?
meant huge losses for U.S. businesses
Created enemies among some Latin American peoples who resented U.S. efforts to
“buy influence” in the region
The Moral Diplomacy:
Who?
President Woodrow Wilson
What?
It is the role of the U.S. to promote democracy and moral progress in the world.
Why?
Wilson opposed imperialism; he believed it was against the United States’ ideals.
Results?
Wilson was unable to stick to moral diplomacy. Ex.) Mexico, Haiti