Science Starter
Date: 3/4/2015
Turn in your Dynamic Earth Homework & Graham
Cracker Lab
Grab your notebook
Answer the following questions on a new page:
An Earthquake has just struck Mexico City and Seattle, WA.
You are watching the news in your apartment in New York
and need to know how long you have before the
Earthquake hits your home. How do you figure this out?
Today’s Agenda: Unit 2 Dynamic Earth Day 4
• Science Starter
• Earthquake Simulation
• Taking a Step Back..
• Locating an Earthquake Lab
• Viscosity Demo
• Summary
Earthquake Simulation
• Think back to the situation in the science
starter…
• Imagine that the left side of the room is Mexico
• The center of the room is Seattle
• The right side of the room is New York City
• How can we figure out where the Earthquake
hits and prevent future damage?
Lesson Essential Question
How do we locate Earthquakes?
What do we know about Earthquakes?
1. Anatomy of an Earthquake
2. 3 Types of seismic waves
3. Locating an Earthquake requires seismographs
Anatomy of an Earthquake
Focus: The point
underground where the
Earthquake begins
Fault: A break in the
ground
Epicenter: The point on
the surface of the Earth
directly above the focus
3 Seismic Waves
Primary (P Wave):
Fastest wave,
push/pull
movement, least
amount of damage
Secondary (S Wave):
Slow wave, up/down
movement, medium
amount of damage
SURFACE WAVES
• Travel along the earth’s surface. They do not travel
through the Earth. They move up and down or side to
side.
• Although it is the slowest, this is the most destructive
type of wave!
Seismograph
• The seismograph records ground
movements caused by earthquakes,
explosions, or other Earth-shaking
phenomena.
9
10
11 12
15 3:14
16 17
3:00
3:02 3:04
3:06 13
3:08 14
3:10 3:12
3:1618
19
20
SCENARIO 1: Watch!
SCENARIO 2:
P Wave = _____________ P Wave = ____________
S Wave = _____________ S Wave = ____________
Answer = ______________ Answer = _____________
Seismograph
registered P wave
at 3:00pm and
then registered S
wave at 3:05pm
Seismograph
registered P wave
at 3:00pm and
then registered S
wave at 3:05pm
Seismograph
registered P wave
at 4:07pm and
then registered S
wave at 4:09pm
Locating an Earthquake Lab
• There will be a lab print out for every student
• The data from the 3 seismographs is provided on your
handout
• Use Figure 1 and Figure 2 to discover the distance from the
city to the epicenter
• Use your compass and the map provided to you to draw your
3 circles
• Identify the latitude and longitude of the Earthquake!
Locating an Earthquake Lab
• Once you have located the Earthquake epicenter
on your group map, identify the position on your
lab handout
• Answer the 4 analysis questions using the
information you used in the lab
• If you are finished, make sure you have turned in
all Unit 2 assignments!
Viscosity Demo
• What is the difference between the 2 syrups?
• What is the definition of viscosity?
• How can a liquid become more viscous or less
viscous?
• How does this effect the violence of a volcanic
eruption?
• How does this relate to convection?
Today’s Summary
• As a group pull out one piece of paper
• Everyone in the group should write down one thing
that they learned today
• You can not write down something that someone in
your group has already stated
• Make sure everyone’s name and group number is on
the paper!
• Groups with great answers will get 3 points!
Homework
• Finish the 2.4 locating earthquakes worksheet
• Use what you learned today to read the graphs and
answer the questions
• Due tomorrow at the start of class!