Regional Landscape Development
Concepts in Bavaria (LEK)
a project for the whole state of Bavaria
• Goal: develop one LEK for each district (region)
• Coordination: Bavarian State Office for Environmental
Protection (LFU)
• Contract Awarder: District Governments
(Upper Nature Conservancy Authorities)
Bayerisches Landesamt für Umweltschutz
Eine Behörde im Geschäftsbereich des Bayerischen Staatsministeriums für Landesentwicklung und Umweltfragen
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Ministry of Env. Prot. (StMLU)
Regional/District Planning
LEK
Landscape
Framework Plans
Regional Plans
Upper Nature Cons. Authority
Regional Planning Associations
Bauleitplanung
Landscape Plans
Open Space Plans
Master Plans
Layout Plans (legally binding)
priv. Bureaus for Landscape Planning
Municipalities
Free State of Bavaria
Highest Nature Cons. Authority
Planning Region
State Planning
Landscape Development
Landscape Programme
Programme (LEP)
Municipality
Position of the LEK in the Spatial Planning System
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Regional Landscape Development Concepts in Bavaria
What is a LEK?
• Sectoral concept of the Nature Conservancy Administration on
regional level (it is legally not binding)
• A tool, coordinated among all Nature Protection Authorities
(comprehensive concept of nature protection and landscape
management)
• Ecologically orientated input of other planning sectors are integrated
(all ecologically relevant statements are included)
• The information is translocal, scale 1:100.000 (translocal relevant
statements)
• It is a significant contribution for a sustainable development of a
region (gives the ecological basis)
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Regional Landscape Development Concepts in Bavaria
Targets
• Sectoral input of nature and landscape protection for the
Regional Plan
(the political responsible institutions can integrate LEK or
parts of it into the Regional Plan)
• Holistic basis for planning and decision making in matters
of nature protection and ecology on the district level
• (All interested people and institutions and Authorities can
use this offer from the Nature Protection Authorities)
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Regional Landscape Development Concepts in Bavaria
Timeframe
Goals: introduce the LEK step by step for all 18 Bavarian Planning
Regions
• 1997: Issue of the first LEK pilot project
of the Region Ingolstadt
• 1999: Issue of the LEK of the
Region Landshut
• 2002: Issue of the LEK of the Region
Main-Rhön
• 2001: Start of the LEK of the Regionen
Oberfranken-Ost und Oberfranken-West
• 2002: Start of the LEK of the Region
München
Derzeit mehrere Anträge regionaler Planungsverbände
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Regional Landscape Development Concepts in Bavaria
Structure of the LEK
Baseline section
Natural Resources
Valuation of function,
characteristics and potential for
development
Land-Use
Valuation of the intensity and
impacts of the land-use
Objective
section
Conflicts between land use and the prot. of nat. resources
Sectoral objectives and goals
Guiding vision for landscape development
Suggestions for implementation
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Regional Landscape Development Concepts in Bavaria
Natural Resources in the LEK
Soil
Species and
habitats
Water
Landscape
character and
recreation
Air and
climate
Historical
landscapes and
patrimony
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Soil
basic information
participating sectors
• Soil map
• Bavarian State Board of
Geology
• Agricultural site map
• Cadastre of Geotops
• Cadastre of soil
monuments
• Cadastre of hazardous
and poisoned sites
• Bavarian State Board of
Water Management
objects included in
the LEK
• Retention potential for
pollutants
• Bavarian State Board of • Erosion potential
Heritage and Archaeology • Soil monuments and
• Bavarian State Board of
rare soil formations
Agriculture
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Regional Landscape Development Concepts in Bavaria
Objectives, Suggestions and Framework
Suggested goals for the assets to be protected
and for recreation
Guiding Visions for the landscape development,
especially for settlement, infrastructure and open
space development
Instruments for protection and conservation, suggestions
for implementation
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Regional Landscape Development Concepts in Bavaria
Suggested Objectives/Goals
Soil
Water
• Protection of soil
monuments
• Maintenance of fertile
soils
• Erosion protection
• Improvement of water
quality and water body
structure
• Improvement of water
retention in floodplains
• Rehabilitation of
contaminated sites
• Minimisation of
pollutants
• Minimisation of
erosion in the
catchment area
Air and
Climate
• Protection and
development of fresh
air regions and
corridors
• Improvement of the
situation in climatically
stressed zones
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Regional Landscape Development Concepts in Bavaria
Suggested Objectives/Goals
Species and
Habitats
• Protection of rare
species and their
habitats
• Development of
habitats
• Ecological linkage of
habitats along
important axis
Landscape character
and experience
• Development of open
spaces which structure
the landscape
• Safeguarding the
character of the
landscape in its
diversity
Historical landscape
• Safeguarding the
elements of the
cultural heritage
(landscape)
• Safeguarding
historically important
landscapes
• Protection of undisected low traffic
zones
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Regional Landscape Development Concepts in Bavaria
Guiding Vision of the Landscape Development
Functional spaces/areas
and integrated suggested measures
Areas with long term natural development
Land use with dominant importance for the landscape ecology and
landscape character
Land use with importance for the landscape ecology and landscape
character
Land use with additional importance for the landscape ecology and
landscape character
Other land uses minor importance for the landscape ecology and
landscape character
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Regional Landscape Development Concepts in Bavaria
Suggested Measures
(Framework for implementation)
• Management and development measures
of Nature Protection and Landscape
Management
• Measures of guiding and directing land use
(Conflict solutions and impacts)
• Implementation instruments of the Regional
Planning
• Hints for the process of
Notification of Protected Areas
• Concept of Protected Areas
(Priorities, Focal Zones, Basics)
• Hints and suggestions for following plans,
especially for the Landscape Planning
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Regional Landscape Development Concepts in Bavaria
Possible Applications
Regional Planning Associations, Regional Coordinators
• Continuation of the Regional Plan(s)
• Evaluation of projects with relevant impact
Cities and Municipalities
• Environmentally spatial orientated tool for decision making and planning
of the municipalities („Eco-account“, Agenda 21, …)
Nature Protection Authorities
• Impact Assessment (EIA)
• Planning of protection areas and Habitat Linkage Systems
• Measures of landscape and habitat management, measures of
incentives for affected land users
Other sectoral Authorities (i.e. Water Authorities or Road Departments)
• EIA (Environmental Impact Assessments)
• Own protection measures and projects (i.e. River management …)
• Promotional programmes or incentives
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Regional Landscape Development Concepts in Bavaria
Possible Applications – 2
Private Projects (for instance gravel mining companies)
• Preparation of projects with significant impact (gives planning securitity)
Associations, NGOs’, management of patrimonial heritage
• Motivation for projects of private initiatives
• Translation of their concerns into administrative actions
Planers (i.e. Landscape-, traffic and city planers)
• Comprehensive basic environmental information and hints for the
development of plans
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Regional Landscape Development Concepts in Bavaria
Publications of the LEK
• Print Documents (PDF)
– Text in the original layout
– All maps in high resolution
DIN A 4-sections
complete maps on request for DIN A0 – Plots
• CD-ROM for Queries
– Intuitive guidance of the user for fast information
– Interactive text – map queries
– Overlays of important themes
(i.e. preferential areas, protected areas)
• Short Version (Brochure)
– For politicians and interested citizens
• Geographical Information System
– For professionals (project oriented)
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