CHAPTER
NEW CHAPTER
Control and Reproduction
the BIG idea
The nervous and endocrine systems allow the body to respond to
internal and external conditions.
4.1 The nervous system responds and controls.
4.2 The endocrine system helps regulate body conditions.
4.3 The reproductive system allows the production of
offspring.
CHAPTER OUTLINE
4.1
KEY CONCEPT
CHAPTER HOME
The nervous system responds and controls.
VOCABULARY
• The nervous system
connects the body with its
environment using five
senses: sight, touch,
hearing, smell, and taste.
The central nervous
system includes the brain,
the control center, and the
spinal cord.
• The peripheral nervous
system includes the
autonomic and voluntary
systems
stimulus
central nervous
system
neuron
peripheral
nervous system
autonomic
nervous system
voluntary nervous
system
SECTION
OUTLINE
4.2
CHAPTER HOME
KEY CONCEPT
The endocrine system helps regulate
conditions inside the body.
The body has chemical messengers called hormones
that are regulated by the endocrine system. Glands
produce and release hormones.The endocrine system
includes feedback systems that maintain homeostasis.
VOCABULARY
endocrine system
hormone
gland
Thyroxine
hormone level
is low.
Hypothalamus and
pituitary gland
decrease thyroid
gland activity.
Hypothalamus and
pituitary gland
increase thyroid gland
activity.
Thyroxine
hormone level
is high.
SECTION
OUTLINE
4.3
KEY CONCEPT
CHAPTER HOME
The reproductive system allows the body to
produce offspring.
The female produces eggs, and the male produces
sperm. Following fertilization the egg develops over a
period of about nine months.
VOCABULARY
menstruation
fertilization
embryo
fetus
SECTION
OUTLINE
4.1
KEY CONCEPT
CHAPTER HOME
The nervous system responds and controls.
I. The nervous system responds and controls.
A. Senses connect the human body to its
environment.
1. Sight
2. Hearing
3. Touch
4. Smell
5. Taste
B. The central nervous system controls functions.
VOCABULARY
stimulus
central nervous
system
neuron
peripheral
nervous system
autonomic
nervous system
voluntary nervous
system
1. Brain
2. Spinal Cord
C. The peripheral nervous system is a network of
nerves.
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY
4.2
KEY CONCEPT
CHAPTER HOME
The endocrine system helps regulate
conditions inside the body.
II. The endocrine system helps regulate conditions
inside the body.
A. Hormones are the body’s chemical
messengers.
VOCABULARY
endocrine system
hormone
gland
B. Glands produce and release hormones.
C. Control of the endocrine system includes
feedback mechanisms.
1. Negative Feedback
2. Positive Feedback
3. Balanced Hormone Action
4. Hormone Imbalance
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY
4.3
KEY CONCEPT
CHAPTER HOME
The reproductive system allows the body to
produce offspring.
III. The reproductive system allows the body to produce
offspring.
A. The reproductive system produces specialized
cells.
1. The Female Reproductive System
2. Menstruation
VOCABULARY
menstruation
fertilization
embryo
fetus
3. The Male Reproductive System
B. The reproduction of offspring includes
fertilization, pregnancy, and birth.
1. Fertilization
2. Pregnancy
3. Labor and Delivery
4. Multiple Births
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY