Cardiovascular Unit (Day 3)
Bell Ringer:
 On a piece of paper, write your name and



today’s date
Do not use your notes!!!
Write the process of how “bad” blood
becomes “good” blood. (From yesterday’s
notes)
Include all the chambers, valves, arteries,
veins, and lungs.
Bell Ringer Answer
Deoxygenated blood goes through the Vena Cava, the largest veins in the
body; into the right atrium, the upper right chamber of the heart. The right
atrium squeezes blood through the tricuspid valve filling the right
ventricle, the lower right chamber of the heart. The right ventricle contracts
and sends the blood through the pulmonary valve into the pulmonary
arteries which carry blood to the lungs where, when you breathe, the blood
loses carbon dioxide and picks up oxygen. The pulmonary veins carry
oxygenated blood back to the heart into the left atrium, the upper left
chamber of the heart. The left atrium contracts and sends blood through the
mitral valve filling the left ventricle, the lower left chamber of the heart. The
left ventricle pumps the blood through the aortic valve into the aorta, the
largest artery in the body. The aorta branches off into numerous smaller
arteries that carry oxygenated blood to the rest of the body The body takes
the oxygen out of the blood and uses it in your body's cells. It all happens in
less than a minute.
Blood
The average adult has approximately 5
liters (about 10 pints) of blood.
Blood is made up of both liquid and solid
components: the liquid portion is called
plasma, while the solid portion consists of
red blood cells, white blood cells, and
platelets.
Blood
Approximately 55%of the total volume of blood is
plasma. The other 45% is made up of red blood
cells, white blood cells, and platelets, which is
suspended in plasma.
Plasma is the liquid that holds blood cells and
platelets in suspension. Though plasma is
approximately 92% water, it also contains a
complex mixture of proteins, vitamins, and
hormones.
Blood
Platelets are the smallest parts of the blood.
Platelets are fragments of cells that are less than
half the size of red blood cells.
Platelets help repair blood vessels by adhering to
damaged walls and help to trigger blood
coagulation (or clotting), which prevents bleeding
and blood escaping from the blood vessel.
Without blood platelets, you would bleed to death.
When the human body loses a little bit of blood
through a minor wound, the platelets cause the
blood to clot so that the bleeding stops.
Red Blood Cells
Red blood cells carry oxygen from the lungs to all
the body parts.
Red blood cells make up over 99% of your blood
cells.
Blood gets its red color from the protein
hemoglobin within the red blood cells.
Hemoglobin enables red blood cells to transport
oxygen around the body. When hemoglobin
combines with oxygen, it forms a bright red
compound called oxyhemoglobin; when oxygen is
released, the compound darkens and becomes
deoxyhemoglobin.
Hemoglobin
Hemoglobin enables red blood cells to
transport oxygen around the body.
When hemoglobin combines with oxygen, it
forms a bright red compound called
oxyhemoglobin;
when oxygen is released, the compound
darkens and becomes deoxyhemoglobin.
White blood cells
White blood cells main function is to
destroy invading pathogens.
White blood cells are the infantry behind
your body's defense against infection.
They protect your body from disease by
either eating bacteria or producing
substances that destroy infectious particles.
Components of Blood Video
Clip
There are four types of blood :
A
B
AB- Universal recipient
O-O-positive is the most common type
(Universal Donor)
Blood Vessels
The heart needs helpers to make sure the
blood moves all over, so it uses blood
vessels, which are like pipes that carry the
blood around the body.
Three kinds of blood vessels:
Arteries carry oxygen-rich blood away from the
heart;
Veins carry deoxygenated blood from the body
back to the heart;
Capillaries are extremely small blood vessels that
surround and nourish tissue cells. Oxygen and
nutrients from the blood pass through the capillary
walls and the wastes from the cells move into the
blood through the capillary walls. Capillaries are
50 times smaller than a human hair.
Interesting Fact
If you lined up all the blood vessels in your
body end to end, they would wrap around
the earth three times and still have some
wrapping left to do!
Blood Vessels Video Clip
The End!!