Kingdom Animalia
Characteristics
•
•
•
•
•
•
Heterotrophs
Eukaryotic
Multicellular
No cell wall, no chloroplasts
Motile
Sense Organs
9 phyla we will mention
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Porifera—sponges
Cnidaria—jellyfish, sea anemones, coral
Platyhelminthes—flatworms
Nematoda—roundworms
Annelida—earthworms
Mollusca—shelled animals
Arthropoda—insects, spiders
Echinodermata—spiny-skinned
Chordata—vertebrates (and others)
Phylum Porifera
(sponges)
•
•
•
•
Asymmetrical
Pores—filter feeders
Not motile (sessile)
Provide habitat for
other animals
• Eaten by starfish and
some fish
• Most primitive animal
Phylum Cnidaria
(jellyfish, sea anemones, coral)
• Digestive cavity called a
coelenteron
• Radial symmetry
• Predators-feed on
crustaceans
• Corals provide important
habitat for fish
• Coral used for decoration
and threatened by
pollution
• All have stinging cells
Phylum Platyhelminthes
(planarians, tapeworms, flukes)
• Bilateral symmetry
• Cephalization- head and
brain
• Acoelomate- no body
cavity
• Incomplete digestive
system (one opening)
• Some are parasites in
digestive tract
• In early 1900’s models
ate them to be thin—
YUK!
Phylum Nematoda
(roundworms)
• Also called nematodes
• Complete digestive
system-separate mouth
and anus (2 openings)
• Pseudocoelomate
• Decomposers, predators
(bacteria, inverts)
• Eaten by insects, mice
• Beneficial to garden by
eating insects
Phylum Annelida
(segmented worms)
• i.e. earthworms, leeches
• True coelom
• Sensitive to vibrations on
ground-rain
• Prey for robins, shrews,
jays, snakes
• Leeches have cornified
knobs to break skin,
anticoagulant and
anesthetic
Phylum Mollusca
(shelled…sometimes)
• i.e. snails, slugs,
clams, mussels,
scallops, oysters,
octopus and squid
• Variety in form
• Giant squid = sea
serpent
• Introduction of garden
snails
Phylum Arthropoda
(jointed legged animals)
• i.e. insects, spiders and
scorpions, shellfish
(crustaceans), centipedes
(1 pr legs per segment),
millipedes (2 pr)
• Exoskeleton
• Metamorphosis
• Pheromones
• Molting
Phylum Echinodermata
(spiny-skinned)
• i.e. sea stars =
starfish,
sea urchins
• Water vascular
system
• Tube feet
• Important predators
Phylum Chordata
(includes the vertebrates)
• i.e. fish, sharks,
amphibians, reptiles,
birds, mammals
• Notochord, nerve
cord, gill slits, tail