People to know…
ITALIAN
Bernini, Borromini, Caravaggio,
Gentileschi
FRENCH
Louis XIV, Poussin, Lorrain
SPANISH
Philip IV, Velazquez, Zurburan
FLEMISH
Rubens, Van Dyck, Charles I
DUTCH
Hals, Ruisdael, Rembrandt, Vermeer, Claesz,
Leyster
Willem Claez Heda, Still Life with Oysters, c. 1640s
Pieter Claesz, Still Life with a Skull and a Writing Quill, 1628.
Willem Claez Heda, Still Life with Tobacco, Wine and Pocket Watch , 1637.
Willem Claez Heda
Banquet Piece with
Mince Pie, 1635 .
Know these people…
FRENCH
BAROQUE
ROCOCO
Antoine Watteau
Louis XIV
Nicolas Poussin
Claude Lorrain
Francois Boucher
Jean-Honore
Fragonard
ROCOCO
François de Cuvilles, Hall of Mirrors, Munich, Germany, early 1700s.
Delicate, Organic, Ornate, Detailed, Reflective, Fanciful, Festive
ROCOCO
Germain Boffrand, Salon de la Princesse , Paris, France ca 1737-1740
ROCOCO
Germain Boffrand, Salon de la Princesse , Paris, France ca 1737-1740
This is a typical French
Rococo Room.
The room is comprised of
sinuous curves luxuriantly
multiplied in mirror
reflections.
Painting, architecture, and
sculpture combine to form a
single ensemble.
tendrils: A twisting,
threadlike structure by
which a twining plant, such
as a grape or cucumber,
grasps an object or a plant
for support.
ROCOCO
Portrait of Louis XIV, 1701.
Antoine Watteau, L’Indefferent, 1716.
ROCOCO
Antoine Watteau, Return from Cythera, 1717-1719
This painting represents a
group of lovers preparing
to depart from the island
of eternal youth and love,
sacred to Aphrodite.
Young and luxuriously
costumed, they perform,
as it were, an elegant,
tender, and graceful
ballet, moving from the
protective shade of a
woodland park, peopled
with amorous cupids and
voluptuous statuary,
down a grassy slope to
an awaiting golden barge.
Fete Galante = ‘elegant outdoor entertainment’
ROCOCO
Antoine Watteau, Pilgrimage to Cythera, 1717.
ROCOCO
Francois Boucher, Cupid a Captive, 1754
Boucher was a follower of Watteau and the
painter for Madame de Pompadour ( the
influencial mistress of Louis XV)
His fame was gained through his paintings of
graceful allegories, with Archadian shepherds,
nymphs, and goddesses cavorting in shady
glens engulfed in pink and sky blue light.
“Boucher’s paintings are highly caloric with little
nutritional value”
ROCOCO
Francois Boucher, Marquise de
Pompadour , 1756.
ROCOCO
Fragonard was a student of Boucher
and is considered by many to have
surpassed the genius of his master.
This is a typical “intrigue” picture. A
young gentleman has managed an
arrangement whereby an
unsuspecting old bishop swings the
young man’s pretty sweetheart higher
and higher, while her lover (and the
work’s patron), in the lower left-hand
corner, stretches out to admire her
ardently from a strategic position on
the ground.
The young lady flirtatiously and boldly
kicks off her shoe at the little statue on
the god of discretion, who holds his
finger to his lips.
Jean-Honré Fragonard, The Swing, 1766
ROCOCO
Jean-Honoré Fragonard, The Bathers, 1766.
DUTCH FREEDOM
The Dutch succeeded in securing their independence from the Spanish in the late sixteenth
century. Not until 1648, however, after years of continual border skirmishes with the Spanish
were the northern Netherlands officially recognized as the United Provinces of the
Netherlands ( The Dutch Republic ).
DUTCH MONEY
Amsterdam had the highest per capita income in Europe. That city emerged as the financial
center of Europe, having founded the Bank of Amsterdam in 1609.
DUTCH GOVERNMENT
Due to this prosperity and the absence of an absolute ruler, political power increasingly
passed into the hands of an urban patrician class of merchants and manufacturers,
especially in cities such as Amsterdam, Haarlem, and Delft. That these bustling cities were
all located in Holland ( the largest of the seven United Provinces ) perhaps explains why the
name “Holland” is used informally to refer to the entire country.
DUTCH RELIGION
While Spain and the southern Netherlands were Catholic, the northern Netherlands were
predominantly Protestant. The prevailing Calvinism demanded a puritanical rejection of art
in churches, and thus artists produced relatively little religious art in the Dutch Republic at
this time (especially when compared to areas dominated by Catholicism in the wake of the
Counter- Reformation.)
Plebian Portraits
Genre Paintings
0
Landscapes
Still Lifes
Frans Hals
Frans Hals, Banquet of the Officers of
the St George Militia Company, 1616.
Frans Hals. Officers and Sergeants of the St Hadrian Civic Guard. c. 1633.
Frans Hals. The Governors Of The Old Mena Almhouse At Haarlem, 1664.
Frans Hals
Buffoon (Jester) Playing
A Lute
1623
Frans Hals
The Laughing Cavalier
1624
Frans Hals
The Laughing Child
1620-1625
Frans Hals
The Jolly Toper
(or The Merry Drinker)
1628-1630
Frans Hals
Lute Player With
Wine Glass
1626.
Frans Hals
Portrait of Rene Descartres
c1649.