Chapter 3 PREFIXES
Prefix
aabadambiananaanteantiautobi- &
binbrachybradycaccatacenticircumcontradedecadidia-
Definition
no, not, without, lack of, apart
away from
toward, near to
both
no, not, without, lack of, apart
up, apart, backward
before, forward
against
self
two, double, twice
dif- &
disdys-
apart, free from, separate
ec- &
ectoend- &
endoep- &
epieuexexoextrahemiheterohomeo- &
homohydrohyperhypoininterintramal-
out, outside, outer
short
slow
bad, poor
down
one hundredth
around
against
down, away from
ten
two, double
through, between
bad, difficult, painful, abnormal
within, inside, inner
upon, over, above
good, normal
out, away from
out, away from
outside, beyond
half
different
similar, same, likeness, constant
water
above, beyond, excessive, above normal
below, under, deficient, below normal
not, in, into
between
within, into
bad, poor
Example(s)
a/mnesia; a/pnea
ab/norm/al
ad/duct/or
ambi/later/al
an/algesia
ana/phylaxis
ante/partum
anti/gen; anti/bio/tic
auto/troph
bi/later/al
bin/ocul/ar
brachy/cardia
brady/pnea
cac/hexia
cata/bol/ism
centi/meter
circum/cis/ion
contra/cept/ion
de/nat/ure
deca/gram
di/narco/tic
dia/meter
dia/gnosis
dif/fus/ion
dis/locat/ion
dys/phagia
dys/pnea
ec/top/ic
ecto/derm
end/aur/al
endo/card/itis
epi/lepsy
epi/gastr/ic
eu/pnea
ex/cis/ion
exo/crine
extra/corpora/al
hemi/plegia
hetero/sexu/al
homeo/stasis
homo/gen/ous
hydro/therapy
hyper/tens/ion; hyper/pnea
hypo/tens/ion; hypo/pnea
in/continence
inter/cost/al
intra/uterine
mal/format/ion
megamesometamicromillimonomultinullioligopanparaperipolypostpreprimipropseudoquadriretrosemisubsupersuprasymsyntachytriuni-
large, great
middle
beyond, over, between, change
small
one thousandth
one
many, much
none
scanty, little
all
beside, alongside, abnormal
many, much, excessive
after, behind
before, in front of
first
before, in front of
false
four
backward
half
below, under, beneath
upper, above
above, beyond, superior
together, with
together, with
fast
three
one
mega/lo/mania
meso/theli/oma
meta/physic/al
micro/cephal/us
milli/liter
mono/nucle/osis
multi/para
nulli/para
oligo/meno/rrhea
pan/cyto/penia
para/plegia; para/meter
peri/cardi/um
poly/uria
post/opera/tive
pre/nat/al
primi/uria; primi/tive
pro/bio/tics
pseudo/cyesis
quadri/plegia
retro/vers/ion
semi/lun/ar
sub/cost/al
super/lingu/al
supra/ren/al
sym/physis
syn/cope
tachy/pnea
tri/somy
uni/lateral
DEFINE THE EXAMPLE(S) USING THE PREFIXES, ROOTS, and SUFFIXES
in the back of your textbook.
a/mnesia
a/pnea
ab/norm/al
ad/duct/or
ambi/later/al
an/algesia
ana/phylaxis
ante/partum
anti/gen
anti/bio/tic
auto/troph
bi/later/al
bin/ocul/ar
brachy/cardia
brady/pnea
cac/hexia
cata/bol/ism
centi/meter
circum/cis/ion
contra/cept/ion
de/nat/ure
deca/gram
di/narco/tic
dia/meter
dia/gnosis
dif/fus/ion
dis/locat/ion
dys/phagia
dys/pnea
ec/top/ic
ecto/derm
end/aur/al
endo/card/itis
epi/lepsy
epi/gastr/ic
eu/pnea
ex/cis/ion
exo/crine
extra/corpora/al
hemi/plegia
hetero/sexu/al
homeo/stasis
homo/gen/ous
hydro/therapy
hyper/tens/ion
hyper/pnea
hypo/tens/ion
hypo/pnea
in/continence
inter/cost/al
intra/uterine
mal/format/ion
mega/lo/mania
meso/theli/oma
meta/physic/al
micro/cephal/us
milli/liter
mono/nucle/osis
multi/para
nulli/para
oligo/meno/rrhea
pan/cyto/penia
para/plegia
para/meter
peri/cardi/um
poly/uria
post/opera/tive
pre/nat/al
primi/uria
primi/tive
pro/bio/tics
pseudo/cyesis
quadri/plegia
retro/vers/ion
semi/lun/ar
sub/cost/al
super/lingu/al
supra/ren/al
sym/physis
syn/cope
tachy/pnea
tri/somy
uni/lateral
Additional Examples:
TERM
afebrile
anicteric
arrest
bifurcate
binary
concentration
decompensation
enucleate
extraocular
hyperactive
WORD PARTS
awithout
febr
fever
-ile
pertaining to
anwithout
icter
jaundice
-ic
pertaining to
--
bifurc
-ate
bin-ary
concentrat
-ion
de-
down, away
from
compensat to make good
again
-ion
process
eremove
nucle
kernel,
nucleus
-ate
action
extraocul
-ar
hyperact
-ive
hypoplasia
two
fork
use, action
twice
pertaining to
with, together
center
process
hypo-plasia
insomnia
insomn
-ia
intermediary
intermedi
-ary
outside
eye
pertaining to
excessive,
above normal
act
nature of,
quality of
under, below
normal
formation,
development
not
sleep
condition
between
toward the
middle
pertaining to
MEANING/DEFINITION
pertaining to without fever
pertaining to without jaundice (yellowish discoloration of the
skin, whites of the eyes, mucous membranes and body fluids)
to stop, inhibit, restrain. A condition of being stopped, such as
occurs in cardiac arrest when cardiac output and effective
circulation stop.
having two forks or two branches or two divisions; forked
pertaining to separating into two branches or composed of two
elements
in psychology = the process of being able to bring to the center
one thought and focus on it, while excluding other thoughts; in
chemistry = the density of solutes in comparison to the solvent
centered within a given area
Failure of a system. In cardiology = failure of the heart to
maintain adequate circulation; in psychology = failure of the
defense mechanism system that may occur during a relapsing
of a mental condition.
Literally means to remove the kernel of. It is used to describe
to removal of the eyeball surgically or to remove a cataract
surgically. It also means to remove a part or a mass in its
entirety. It also refers to the process of removing the nucleus of
a body cell in preparation for somatic cell nuclear transfer,
which is a key step in the cloning process.
pertaining to outside the eye, as used in describing the
extraocular eye muscles. These are the muscles that control eye
movement and eye coordination.
nature or quality of excessive activity; this can refer to the
entire organism or to a particular entity such as the thyroid,
heart, or muscles. It may also describe an individual who
exhibits constant overactivity.
underdevelopment of a tissue, organ, or body
condition of not being able to sleep. People with insomnia can
have difficulty falling asleep, wake up often during the night
and have trouble going back to sleep, wake up too early in the
morning, or experience unrefreshing sleep
pertaining to situated between two bodies or occurring between
two periods of time
TERM
latent
lumen
WORD PARTS
---
multifocal
multifoc
-al
-parastern
occlusion
parasternal
patent
pericardial
polydactyly
premenstrual
react
regurgitation
sign
-al
-pericardi
-al
polydactyl
-y
premenstru
-al
re-act
regurgitat
-ion
--
many
focus
pertaining to
beside
sternum,
breastbone
pertaining to
around
heart
pertaining to
many
finger or toe
pertaining to
before
to discharge
the menses
pertaining to
again
to act
backward
to flood
process
subacote
subacute
below
sharp
superinfection
superinfect
-ion
upper, above
infect
process
symptom
--
unconscious
unconsci
-ous
not
aware
pertaining too
MEANING/DEFINITION
lying hidden; quiet, not active
space within an artery, vein, intestine, or tube. It is also the
hollow core of a hypodermic needle, which forms an ovalshaped opening when exposed at the beveled (flat, slanted
surface) point
Pertaining to or arising from many locations
Process of closing or state of being closed of a possession
Pertaining to beside the sternum (breastbone)
Wide open; freely open
Pertaining to the pericardium
(sac surrounding the heart)
Pertaining to having more than the normal number of fingers
and toes
Pertaining to the time before the discharge of the menses
Literally means to act again; responds to a stimulus; to
participate in a chemical reaction
Process of a backward flow of solids or foods from the
stomach to the mouth or the backflow of blood through a
defective heart valve
Any objective evidence of an illness or disordered function of
the body. A sign can be seen, heard, measured, or felt by the
examiner
Literally means below sharp; it describes a state between acute
and chronic with some acute features. It is used to describe the
course of a disease process or the healing process following a
tissue energy.
New infection caused by a different organism from one that
caused the initial infection. It can occur from a harmful effect
of antibiotic, when there is an overgrowth of a resistant strain
of bacteria, fruit, or yeast
Any perceptible change in the function of the body that
indicates disease; can be classified as objective (signs);
subjective (symptoms described by the patient), and cardinal
(vital signs, temperature, pulse, respiration , blood)
Pertaining to not being aware; lacking in awareness of one’s
environment