LESSON PLAN FOR CHEMISTRY THURSDAY 10/30/14
Students should have a blank Periodic Table to start class.
The Periodic Table has the order it has so that elements in the same column will have
similar chemical and physical properties. These groups (columns) are called families or
groups. Elements in the same family will have the same number and arrangement of
their valence electrons.
Elements in the same row will have the same number of electron shells and the same
shell as their last (valence) shell. The rows on the Periodic Table are called periods or
series.
Example: Every element in the 4th Period will have 4 electron shells.
Every element in the 4th Period will have 4 energy levels.
Every element in the 4th Period will have the 4th shells as its valence shell.
Mention that Dmitri Mendeleyev was a Russian chemistry who constructed an early (not
the first) Periodic Table.
He arranged elements on the Periodic Table in order based on the atomic weights that
were determined by John Dalton.
Henry Moseley came up with Atomic Numbers later and that is what we use NOW to
arrange elements on the Periodic Table.
There are some elements that are in a MUCH BETTER position now. Show the class two
pairs that were switched. 52Te and 53I were switched in Mendeleyev's Periodic
Table and yet iodine really does belong in the same column as F, Cl and Br.
All these elements (F, Cl, Br and I) make colorful gases that even smell the
same!!!
18Ar and 19K are another pair of elements that were switched on Mendeleyev's
Periodic Table. The new order makes much more sense because all the elements
(except for H) in the first column (Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs and Fr) are all shiny, silvery
metals that will blow up in air and will blow up in water!!!
(He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe and Rn) all belong together because they are all gases that do
not react hardly at all.
Have the class now mark things ON their blank Periodic Tables; BUT NOT IN THE EMPTY
BOXES!!!
Have them mark the staircase line that separates metals and nonmetals. Remind them
that elements to the right are nonmetals. Elements to the left are metals; but
elements that have a side that touches the staircase line are metalloids. The two
exceptions are 13Al and 84Po. Al and Po are really metals.
Number the periods (rows): 1-7 Remember the "row" that starts with La is really part
of the 6th row. The "row" that starts with Ac is really part of the 7th row.
Number the columns with Arabic numbers: 1-18
Number the taller columns with Roman numerals and an A
IA IIA IIIA IVA VA VIA VIIA VIIIA
Tell the class the NAMES of the Families.
IA
Alkali Metals
IIA
Alkali Earth Metals
IIIA
Boron Family
IVA Carbon Family
VA
Nitrogen Family
VIA Oxygen Family
VIIA Halogen Family
VIIIA Noble Gas Family
The middle ten columns (21Sc -
30Zn
on down) are called the Transition Metals
The last two unconnected "rows" (57La across and
Rare Earth Elements
89Ac
across) are called the
The "row" (57La across) is called the Lanthanide Series
The "row" (89Ac across) is called the Actinide Series
Have the students copy this chart into their notebook:
Family
IA
IIA
IIIA
IVA
VA
VIA
VIIA
Number of
Valence e-
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Ion Charge
+1
+2
+3
+/-4
-3
-2
-1
Oxidation
Number
+1
+2
+3
+/-4
-3/+5
-2/+6
-1/+7
VIIIA
8
.
no
ions .
no
number .
Example 1: Which element will have three energy levels and will also have
5 valence electrons?
Answer: P Phosphorus
Example 2: Which Halogen will have 5 electron shells?
Answer: I Iodine
Example 3: Which Transition Metal that has 5 energy levels would be listed first
by NAME?
Answer: Cd Cadmium
Example 4: Which Actinide element is named for a famous female scientist?
Answer: Cm Curium
Students should now be able to do questions 1-11
and questions 46-62 from Worksheet I.