Intellectual
Disability
Kourtney Pamplin
Kiaya Kilpack
Definition
• Intellectual Disability:
condition of limited
mental ability in which
a individual has a low IQ
• Below 70 on a
traditional intelligence
test
• They normally have
difficulty adapting to
everyday life
When they show signs, How
many people often are
disable
• These characteristics are normally shown by the age of 18
• In the United States, nearly 5 million people fit this definition
of intellectual disability.
• For these people to get this title low IQ are evident in
childhood
• Organic cause
• Cultural origin
• Social origin
Organic Cause
• caused by a genetic disorder or brain damage.
• Organic refers to the tissues or organ within our body
• Physical appearance on the person
• Down syndrome for example
• when a person has an extra chromosome in their
genetic makeup
• People who suffer organic retardation have an IQ between 0
to 50.
Cultural- Familial
• Mental deficit with no evidence of organic brain damage
• IQ between 55 to 70
• Psychologist say this can be a result from growing up in a
below average intellectual environment
• Children need rewards to get things done, and are sensitive
to what peers and adult think about them.
• When an adult they go unnoticed, do not tax their cognitive
skills as much.
Classification of
intellectual
disability
• Ranges from mild,
moderate, to serve or
profound, according to IQ
• Large majority of people
who are diagnosed with
intellectual disability fall
in the mild category
Domains to the behavior
• Conceptual skills: literacy and understanding of number,
money, time
• Social skills: interpersonal skills , responsibility, self- esteem,
and ability to follow rules and obey
• Practical Skills: activities of daily living such as personal care,
occupational skills, health care, travel/ transportation, and
use of telephone
• The assessment of capacities of these areas can determine
the persons amount of care the require for daily living
Theories of Multiple
Intelligences
• Some have viewed this as an all purpose problem solving
ability.
• And than others have proposed that we think about different
kinds of intelligence
• Emotional intelligence: perceiving emotion in ourselves
and others accurately
Robert J. Sternberg
• He had developed the triarchic theory of
intelligence
• Says intelligence comes in multiple forms which
are…
• Analytical: The ability to analyze, judge,
evaluate, compare, and contrast.
• Creative: The ability to create, design, invent,
originate, and imagine.
• Practical: The ability to use, apply,
implement, and put ideas into practice.
Howard Gardner
• Suggest there are nine types of
intelligence, or “frames of mind”
• Verbal
• Mathematical
• Spatial
• Bodily-kinesthetic
• Musical
• Interpersonal
• Intrapersonal
• Naturalist
• Existentialist
• Verbal: ability to think in words and use language to express
meaning.
Author, journalist, speaker
• Mathematical: ability to carry out mathematical operations
Scientist, engineer, accountant
• Spatial: ability to think three- dimensionally.
Architect, artist, sailor
• Bodily – kinesthetic: ability to manipulate objects and to be physically
adept.
Surgeon, craftsperson, dancer, athlete
• Musical: ability to be sensitive to pitch, melody, rhythm and tone.
Composer, musician
• Interpersonal: ability to understand and interact effectively with
others.
Teacher, mental health professional
• Intrapersonal: ability to understand oneself
Theologian, psychologist
• Naturalist: ability to observe patterns in nature and understand
natural and human – made systems.
Farmer, botanist, ecologist , landscaper
• Existentialist: ability to grapple with the big questions of human
existing.
Meaning of life and death, with special sensitivity to issues of
spirituality