Alliances of WWI
Agenda:
Triple Alliance; Reinsurance Treaty; Russo-French Entente; Anglo
Japanese Treaty; Entente Cordiale-Anglo-French Entente; Bjorko
Agreement; Anglo Russian Entente; Triple Entente
Triple Alliance - 1882
• Germany is the Leader
• Failure of the Three Emperor’s League
• Italy pushed toward Germany
• Austrian’s focused on Balkans
• Overall:
• Germany backbone
• Austrian/Italian militaries weak
Lapsing of the Reinsurance Treaty – 1891
Russo-French Entente - 1894
• France emerging from isolation
• Russia needs Money for
development
• Kaiser’s state visit to London
• Loosely Observed
• Japan, Morocco, Balkans
Anglo Japanese Treaty of 1902
• British Sphere of Influence in
China
• Japanese interest in
Manchura/Korea
• Concern over Tran Siberian
railway
• 1902 – Defensive Treaty
• Only involved if 3rd power engages
Anglo French Entente - 1904
• Response to:
Fashoda
Morocco
Russo-Japanese War
No overt military provisions
Delcasse
Bjorko Agreement - 1905
• French in Morocco – forced German action
• Nicky and Willy (Cousins)
• Defensive Alliance
• New Russian Duma (parliament) does not ratify
• Pushes Britain and France closer together
Anglo Russian Entente - 1907
• Concern over British colonial
interests
• Persia, India, Afghanistan
• Russian Defeat in Asia
• End tensions
• No Military Agreements
Triple Entente – Consolidation in 1912
• Maintained a loose collection – no official aggregation of ententes
• Isolation of Germany
• Poincare – French Prime Minister – Strengthen Ententes
• 1912 – Franco-Russian Naval Convention
• Anglo-French Naval Agreements
• If war breaks out – Leaders will meet before armies are engaged
Alliance System by 1914