Chapter 19.1
“The War to End all
Wars”
THE GREAT WAR
LONG-TERM CAUSES OF WWI
• Militarism
• Alliance System
• Imperialism
• Nationalism
MILITARISM
• Need to develop stronger armies
than potential enemies
• Increased military
budgets/development of armed
forces
• Germany built up army with draft
system
• Britain relied on strong navy
• Germany, France, Italy, & Japan
joined naval arms race
MILITARY BUILDUP
• Mobilization:
time to
activate
armies for
battle, 48 hrs
to 5 days
depending on
country
ALLIANCE SYSTEM
• Triple Alliance (1882)
Austria Hungary, Germany,
and Italy
• Triple Entente (1907)
Britain, France, and Russia
TRIPLE ALLIANCE
TRIPLE ENTENTE
ALLIANCES
Allied Powers
Great Britain,
France
Belgium, Serbia
Montenegro
Russia
Japan (1914)
U.S. (1917)
Central Powers
Germany
Austria-Hungary
Ottoman Empire
(1914)
Bulgaria (1915)
IMPERIALISM
• Stronger nations controlling
weaker lands through military,
economic or political means
• Countries sought natural
resources and new markets
• Colonies brought prestige to
countries
NATIONALISM
• Belief that national interests should be
placed ahead of global cooperation
• Franco-Prussian War (1871): France
lost Alsace & Lorraine to Prussia
(Germany)
• Russia claimed to be the protector of
Europe’s Slavs (Serbia)
• Serbia controlled by Austria-Hungary
IMMEDIATE CAUSE OF THE WAR
• Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand,
Heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary, killed by
Serbian nationalist (Gavrilo Princip)
• Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia
• Russia declared war on Austria-Hungary
• Germany declared war on Russia and France
• Great Britain declared war on Germany and
Austria-Hungary
ASSASSINATION OF ARCHDUKE
• https://www.awesomestories.com/asset/vi
ew/Assassin-of-Archduke-Franz-FerdinandGavrilo-Princip
• http://www.pbs.org/greatwar/maps/
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZmHxq
28440c
ARCHDUKE FRANZ FERDINAND
• Assassinated on
June 28, 1914
FIGHTING BEGINS
• Germany
invaded Belgium
on Aug. 4, 1914
on the way to
Paris
• Ended nearly
100 years of
relative peace in
Europe
EXPLOSIVE CAUSES OF WORLD WAR I
Economic Rivalry/
Trade Barriers
Power Politics
Geography
Lack of International
Organization
Secret Treaties
EUROPE
Assassination of
Archduke
Ferdinand
Militarism
Nationalism
Imperialism
Alliances