A: haploid B: diploid
Unique to A
Common to both
Unique to B
1n
1 set of
chromosomes
Set of
chromosomes
2n
2sets of
chromosomes
Sex cells (eggs,
sperm)
Contain a full set of
the DNA
n pairs or 2n
chromosomes
All other cells or
autosomes
A: haploid B: diploid
Unique to A
Common to both
Unique to B
Half the number
Number of
chromosomes
Whole number
Single
chromosomes
n =23
n = 23
1 full set
Sex cells
Come in pairs
23 pairs
2n = 46
2 full sets
Eukaryotic cells
All other cells
(Autosomes)
A: haploid B: diploid
Unique to A
Common to both
Unique to B
If the number of
All other body cells
Haploid number in pairs of
(Autosomes)
sex cells
chromosomes is 10
2n
n or 10
Full copy of DNA
Or 20
1 copy
2 copies
A:mitosis
B: meiosis
Unique to A
Common to both
Unique to B
In all other body
cells
Cell division
Only in gametes
(sex cells)
2n chromosomes
(46 for humans)
IPMAT
n chromosomes
(23 for humans)
Copy the DNA
Full set of
chromosomes
Diploid
chromosomes
Half the
chromosomes
Haploid
A: meiosis I B: meiosis II
Unique to A
Common to both
Unique to B
Interphase before
it
PMAT
Interphase after it
Cell has n
chromosomes (23
in humans)
2nd cell division
1st cell division
Ends with 4 cells
Ends with 2 cells
Chromatids still
together
Chromatids
separated
A: B:
Unique to A
Common to both
Unique to B
A: B:
Unique to A
Common to both
Unique to B
Ch. 8 Exam Review
True & False:
What is the key
information?
Think about the
absolutes (always,
never, numbers,
names…)
____
1.
The information needed by a
cell to direct its activities and to determine its
characteristics is contained in molecules of
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).
____
2.
Each human somatic cell
contains two copies of each chromosome for a
total of 23 homologous chromosomes.
____
3.
Human sperm and egg cells
have 23 chromosomes.
____
4.
Cell division in bacteria and
eukaryotes takes place in precisely the same
manner.
____
5.
by mitosis.
Asexual reproduction occurs
____
6.
Cytokinesis only occurs
during metaphase II.
Ch. 8 Exam Review
True & False:
What is the key
information?
Think about the
absolutes (always,
never, numbers,
names…)
_True_ 1.
The information needed by a
cell to direct its activities and to determine its
characteristics is contained in molecules of
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).
_False 2.
Each human somatic cell
contains two copies of each chromosome for a
total of 23 homologous chromosomes.
_True 3.
Human sperm and egg cells
have 23 chromosomes.
_False_ 4.
Cell division in bacteria and
eukaryotes takes place in precisely the same
manner.
_True 5.
by mitosis.
Asexual reproduction occurs
_False 6.
Cytokinesis only occurs
during metaphase II.
____ 7. In order to fit
Ch. 8 Exam Review within a cell, DNA becomes
more compact by
How would DNA fit?
a.
breaking apart into
separate genes.
b. extending to form very
long, thin molecules.
c.
wrapping tightly around
associated proteins.
d. being enzymatically
changed into a protein.
_C__ 7. In order to fit
Ch. 8 Exam Review within a cell, DNA becomes
more compact by
How would DNA fit?
a.
breaking apart into
separate genes.
b. extending to form very
long, thin molecules.
c.
wrapping tightly around
associated proteins.
d. being enzymatically
changed into a protein.
____ 8.
Chromatids are
Ch. 8 Exam Review
What word does it
look like?
a.
dense patches within
the nucleus.
b. bacterial chromosomes.
c.
joined strands of
duplicated genetic material.
d. prokaryotic nuclei.
__C_ 8.
Chromatids are
Ch. 8 Exam Review
What word does it
look like?
Like tidbits of
chromosomes.
a.
dense patches within
the nucleus.
b. bacterial chromosomes.
c.
joined strands of
duplicated genetic material.
d. prokaryotic nuclei.
____ 9.
The diploid number
of chromosomes in a human
Ch. 8 Exam Review skin cell is 46. The number of
Key words:
chromosomes found in a
human ovum (egg) is
a.
46. c.
23.
b.
92. d.
12.5.
____ 10. How many
chromosomes are in the body
cells of an organism that has a
haploid number of 8?
a.
4
c.
12
b.
8
d.
16
_C_ 9.
The diploid number
of chromosomes in a human
Ch. 8 Exam Review skin cell is 46. The number of
Key words:
chromosomes found in a
Diploid
human ovum (egg) is
Haploid
a.
46. c.
23.
numbers
b.
92. d.
12.5.
_D__ 10. How many
chromosomes are in the body
cells of an organism that has a
haploid number of 8?
a.
4
c.
12
b.
8
d.
16
___ 11. Binary fission
Ch. 8 Exam Review
Binary =
Fission =
a.
occurs when two cells
collide with each other.
b. produces excess energy.
c.
creates new species.
d. is the process by which
bacteria reproduce.
_D__ 11. Binary fission
Ch. 8 Exam Review
Binary = two
Fission = split
a.
occurs when two cells
collide with each other.
b. produces excess energy.
c.
creates new species.
d. is the process by which
bacteria reproduce.
Ch. 8 Exam Review
12. Do you know what
this question means?
13. Key words:
____ 12.metaphase : prophase ::
a. photon : light particle
b. G2 : S
c. thylakoid : grana
d. carbon fixation process : Calvin
cycle
____ 13. The phase of mitosis
that is characterized by the
arrangement of all chromosomes
along the equator of the cell is
called
a. telophase.
c.anaphase.
b. metaphase. d. prophase.
_B__ 12.metaphase : prophase ::
a. photon : light particle
Ch. 8 Exam Review
b. G2 : S
12. Do you know what
c. thylakoid : grana
this question means?
d. carbon fixation process : Calvin
Meta is to pro, as G2 is
cycle
to S
13. Key words:
equator
_B__ 13. The phase of mitosis
that is characterized by the
arrangement of all chromosomes
along the equator of the cell is
called
a. telophase.
c.anaphase.
b. metaphase. d. prophase.
____ 14. Refer to the
Ch. 8 Exam Review illustration above. The cell in
diagram “1” is in
a. metaphase. c. anaphase.
b. telophase. d. prophase.
____ 15. Refer to the
illustration above. The cell
shown in diagram “5” is in
a. metaphase. c. anaphase.
b. telophase. d. prophase.
_C_ 14. Refer to the
Ch. 8 Exam Review illustration above. The cell in
diagram “1” is in
a. metaphase. c. anaphase.
b. telophase. d. prophase.
_B__ 15. Refer to the
illustration above. The cell
shown in diagram “5” is in
a. metaphase. c. anaphase.
b. telophase. d. prophase.
____ 16. A typical human cell
Ch. 8 Exam Review contains 46 chromosomes.
After mitosis and cell
Key words:
division, each of the two new
cells formed from the original
cell
a. gets 23 chromosomes.
b. grows new chromosomes
from existing DNA.
c. gets a complete set of 46
chromosomes.
d. None of the above
_C__ 16. A typical human cell
Ch. 8 Exam Review contains 46 chromosomes.
After mitosis and cell
Key words: 46
division, each of the two new
mitosis
cells formed from the original
cell
a. gets 23 chromosomes.
b. grows new chromosomes
from existing DNA.
c. gets a complete set of 46
chromosomes.
d. None of the above
Ch. 8 Exam Review
____ 17. Refer to the
illustration above. Which of the
following correctly indicates the
order in which these events occur?
a. “A,” “B,” “C,” “D”
b. “C,” “B,” “A,” “D”
c. “B,” “A,” “C,” “D”
d. “A,” “C,” “B,” “D”
____ 18. Refer to the
illustration above. During which
stage do the centromeres divide?
a.
“A” c.
“C”
b.
“B” d.
“D”
Ch. 8 Exam Review
__B_ 17. Refer to the
illustration above. Which of the
following correctly indicates the
order in which these events occur?
a. “A,” “B,” “C,” “D”
b. “C,” “B,” “A,” “D”
c. “B,” “A,” “C,” “D”
d. “A,” “C,” “B,” “D”
_A__ 18. Refer to the
illustration above. During which
stage do the centromeres divide?
a.
“A” c.
“C”
b.
“B” d.
“D”
____ 19. In plant cells,
Ch. 8 Exam Review cytokinesis occurs when
a.
the
chromosomes
make
Cyto =
exact copies of themselves.
Kine =
b. spindle fibers are formed.
c. a new cell wall forms.
d. osmotic pressure is too
low.
_C__ 19. In plant cells,
Ch. 8 Exam Review cytokinesis occurs when
Cyto = cell
a. the chromosomes make
Kine = moving
exact copies of themselves.
b. spindle fibers are formed.
c. a new cell wall forms.
d. osmotic pressure is too
low.
____ 20. Refer to the
illustration above. Which of
Ch. 8 Exam Review
the cells will be a diploid cell
at the completion of division?
a.
“A” c.
Both
b. “B” d. Neither
____ 21. Refer to the
illustration above. Which of
these cells is in the process of
dividing to form gametes?
a.
“A” c.
Both
b. “B” d. Neither
_A_ 20. Refer to the
illustration above. Which of
Ch. 8 Exam Review
the cells will be a diploid cell
at the completion of division?
a.
“A” c.
Both
b. “B” d. Neither
_B__ 21. Refer to the
illustration above. Which of
these cells is in the process of
dividing to form gametes?
a.
“A” c.
Both
b. “B” d. Neither
____ 22. When crossingCh. 8 Exam Review over takes place,
chromosomes
a. mutate in the first division.
b. produce new genes.
c. decrease in number.
d. exchange corresponding
segments of DNA.
_D__ 22. When crossingCh. 8 Exam Review over takes place,
chromosomes
a. mutate in the first division.
b. produce new genes.
c. decrease in number.
d. exchange corresponding
segments of DNA.
____ 23. The exchange of
Ch. 8 Exam Review segments of DNA between
the members of a pair of
chromosomes
a.
ensures that variation
within a species never occurs.
b. acts as a source of
variation within a species.
c.
always produces
genetic disorders.
d. is called crossing.
_B__ 23. The exchange of
Ch. 8 Exam Review segments of DNA between
the members of a pair of
chromosomes
a.
ensures that variation
within a species never occurs.
b. acts as a source of
variation within a species.
c.
always produces
genetic disorders.
d. is called crossing.
Ch. 8 Exam Review
24.
Following replication of its DNA, each
chromosome contains two ____________________,
which are attached to each other by a centromere.
25.
Chromosomes that are not involved in sex
determination are called ____________________.
26.
A picture of a cell’s chromosomes is called
a ____________________.
27.
Collectively, the time spent in G1 + S + G2
is called ____________________.
28.
The process called
____________________ guarantees that the
number of chromosomes in gametes is half the
number of chromosomes in body cells.
29.
The cells resulting from meiosis in either
males or females are called ____________________.
Ch. 8 Exam Review
24.
Following replication of its DNA, each
chromosome contains two __CHROMATIDS____,
which are attached to each other by a centromere.
25.
Chromosomes that are not involved in sex
determination are called __AUTOSOMES_____.
26.
A picture of a cell’s chromosomes is called
a ____KARYOTYPE_.
27.
Collectively, the time spent in G1 + S + G2
is called ___INTERPHASE____.
28.
The process called ___MEIOSIS___
guarantees that the number of chromosomes in
gametes is half the number of chromosomes in body
cells.
29.
The cells resulting from meiosis in either
males or females are called _____GAMETES____.
30.Briefly describe the five
stages of the cell cycle.
Ch. 8 Exam Review
I
P
M
A
T
30.Briefly describe the five
stages of the cell cycle.
Ch. 8 Exam Review
I = cell growth, time between
mitosis, G1 >>S>>G2
P = chromosomes thicken, 1st
step in mitosis/meiosis
M = chromosomes line up
along equator
A = chromosomes sweep
apart
T = 2 cells begin to form
Ch. 8 Exam Review