Bio CP Chemistry Test Study Guide
Name _______________________
1. List the steps of the scientific method.
a. If the results support your hypothesis, what is the next step?
b. If the results disprove hypothesis, what is the next step?
2. Where are the following subatomic particles located in an atom? Indicate the charge
of each (positive, negative, or neutral). Draw a basic diagram of an atom in the box
showing the location of each part.
a. Electron
b. Proton
c. Neutron
3. What does the atomic number of an element mean?
a. What happens when you change the number of protons in an atom?
b. In a neutral (non-charged) atom, the atomic number also tells us the
number of _______________
4. What does the atomic mass of an element mean?
a. What part of the atom does it tell us the number of?
5. Sample problem: For each of the following elements, look up or calculate the
numbers below: Note, the plus 2 by Magnesium means that it has a 2 positive charge
(meaning it lost two electrons!)
a. Calcium:
Atomic number __________ Atomic Mass _________________
Protons_______
Neutrons _________ Electrons _____________
b. Magnesium+2: Atomic number _____________ Atomic Mass ____________
Protons_______
Neutrons _________ Electrons _____________
c. Gold: Atomic number _____________
Protons_______
Atomic Mass ________________
Neutrons _________ Electrons _____________
d. Oxygen-2 : Atomic number _____________
Protons_______
Atomic Mass ____________
Neutrons _________ Electrons _____________
6. Why are normal atoms (on the periodic table) considered to be neutral?
7. What is an ion?
8. If an atom gains electrons, it gets a _______________ charge. If it looses electrons, it
gets a ________________ charge.
9. Compare and contrasts Compounds vs. Mixtures. Create a comparison chart like the
following
Compound
Mixture
Properties of ingredients
change when C/M is made?
Chemical bonds are
formed?
Exact proportions are
required?
Define the following terms IN YOUR OWN WORDS.
1. Atom: ___________________________________________________________
2. Compound:_______________________________________________________
3. Solution : ______________________________________________________
4. Suspension: __________________________________________________
Identify what parts of the reaction below are the REACTANTS and which are the
PRODUCTS.
AgNO3 + NaCl
 AgCl + NaNO3
10. Below is a covalent bond? What are the atoms that are bonding together getting out of
the relationship (why bond in the first place?)
11. What is an ionic bond? (make sure you understand how oppositely-charged ions
attract to each other!)
Show how the following atoms would form an ionic bond.
12. Sample Problem: In a chemical formula, such as C6H12O6,
a. What types of atoms (elements) are involved?
b. How many of each type of atom?
13. What is a mixture? What does it mean that a mixture is physically mixed and not
chemically combined?
14. Draw a picture of a water molecule and put in the proper charges (+ and -) where they
belong.
15. Why is water a “polar molecule?”
16. What is cohesion?
a. Why does cohesion happen? How can it be demonstrated?
17. What is adhesion?
a. Why does adhesion happen? How can it be demonstrated?
b. How does capillary action work? What does the diameter of the tube have to do
with it?
c. What types of materials are water attracted to and what types are they not? Think
about plastic vs. metal.
18. What happens when salt is added to water? Why can salt dissolve in water>?
19. In a solution of salt water, the solvent is _________________ and the solute is
________________
20. An acid increases the concentration of _____________________ ions in a solution.
21. A base increases the concentration of ______________________ ions in a solution.
22. A neutral solution (water) has an ______________ amounts of hydrogen and
hydroxide ions which combine to form __________________
23. Draw the pH scale on the line below, label, acid, neutral, base
_______________________________________________________________
a. Indicate the following pH values as strong acid, weak acid, neutral, weak
base or strong base.
5.5
13
2
7
8
24. What pH range does most of your body fall into?
25. What is the job of buffers in living systems?
26. List two places in your body where the pH is NOT in this range.
27. What happens when an acid and a base are mixed together? What are the products of
such a reaction? What happens to the pH?
Ex. HCl
+
NaOH  __________________________________
Vocabulary
Independent
Var.
Dependent
Var.
Control
Hypothesis
Theory
Matter
Atom
Homeostasis
Element
Compound
Molecule
Cohesion
Adhesion
Polarity
Neutralization
Solute
Solvent
Element
Solution
Colloid
Also, remember graphing is always a possibility!!!!!!